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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Reserve Bank of India Introduces Updated Trade Receivables Discounting System Framework with Easier Entry for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Sellers

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued the “RBI (Trade Receivables Discounting System) Directions, 2026” to simplify onboarding for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and strengthen invoice financing.
• The revised directions aim to improve ease of doing business, enhance operational efficiency, and encourage greater participation on TReDS platforms.

Key Highlights :

• TReDS (Trade Receivables Discounting System) is an electronic marketplace that enables MSMEs to convert approved invoices into immediate cash by discounting their trade receivables.
• The platform facilitates financing of MSME trade receivables from corporate buyers, government departments, and Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs).
• TReDS brings together participants for invoice uploading, acceptance, bidding, discounting, and settlement, thereby improving liquidity for MSMEs.
• Under the new framework, MSME sellers will benefit from a simplified onboarding process on TReDS platforms.
• The RBI has allowed financiers to avail insurance cover for TReDS transactions, provided the insurance premium is not borne by the MSME seller.
• Such credit insurance cannot be treated as a credit risk mitigant for availing prudential regulatory benefits.
• Financiers can also obtain guarantees for factoring units from Credit Guarantee Fund Trusts established by the Government of India.
• A factoring unit refers to trade receivables in the form of invoices or bills uploaded by sellers or buyers on the TReDS platform.
• RBI has directed TReDS platforms to conduct Customer Due Diligence (CDD) of buyers.
• TReDS operators must establish mechanisms to verify the genuineness of uploaded invoices and bills.
• The platforms must also ensure that sellers are genuine MSMEs and that funds are credited only to the seller's bank account.
• The revised directions are expected to make invoice financing faster, safer, and more accessible for small businesses.
• Any entity seeking authorization to establish and operate a TReDS platform must be a company incorporated in India and registered under the Companies Act.
• Such entities must maintain a minimum net worth of ₹25 crore.
• Existing TReDS operators have been given time until 31 March 2028 to comply with the revised net worth requirement.
• Currently, India has five TReDS platforms: TReDS, Receivables Exchange of India (RXIL), Mynd Solutions, C2FO Factoring Solutions, and KredX Platform.
• According to RBI data, these five platforms collectively financed 1,40,972 invoices worth ₹29,869 crore in April 2026.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

Bangladesh Becomes 27th Member of the International Big Cat Alliance

• Bangladesh joined the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) on 24 June 2026, becoming the 27th member nation of the alliance.

Key Highlights :

• The International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) is a treaty-based inter-governmental international organisation and a legal entity headquartered in New Delhi, India.
• The IBCA was launched in April 2023 by Narendra Modi during the commemoration of 50 years of Project Tiger.
• The alliance became a full-fledged treaty-based international organisation on 23 January 2025.
• The main objective of the IBCA is the conservation, protection, and sustainable management of big cat species through international cooperation.
• The alliance promotes knowledge-sharing, capacity building, technical expertise, and collaborative conservation efforts among member countries.
• The IBCA focuses on the conservation of seven big cat species: Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Snow Leopard, Cheetah, Jaguar, and Puma.
• Bangladesh's Cabinet approved the proposal to join the IBCA on 22 May 2026.
• The proposal was initiated by Bangladesh's Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
• India, a founding member of the alliance, invited Bangladesh to become a full member following discussions between Pranay Verma and Abdul Awal Mintoo on 8–9 April 2026.
• The accession strengthens regional cooperation for the conservation of the Bengal Tiger, a flagship species of South Asia.
• The Bengal Tiger inhabits the Sundarbans, a unique mangrove ecosystem shared by India and Bangladesh.
• The Sundarbans is located in the Ganga–Brahmaputra–Meghna Delta and is one of the world's largest mangrove forests.
• The Sundarbans serves as a critical habitat for several threatened and endangered species.
• The IBCA functions under international law as a treaty-based organisation facilitating cooperation among member countries for big cat conservation.

About Bangladesh  :

• President : Mohammed Shahabuddin
• Prime Minister : Tarique Rahman
• Capital : Dhaka
• Currency : Taka

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

India Becomes World's Leading Ship Recycling Nation in 2025

• The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) announced that India became the world's leading ship recycling nation in 2025.
• India's share in global ship recycling increased to 35.4% in 2025 from 30.1% in 2024.
• The country's ship recycling volume rose to 2.99 million Gross Tons (GT) from 1.86 million Gross Tons (GT) in 2024, registering a growth of nearly 60%.
• With this achievement, India surpassed the target set under Maritime India Vision (MIV) 2030 five years ahead of schedule.
• The achievement was highlighted in the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) report titled "Review of Maritime Transport 2025".
• A key factor behind this success is the Ship-breaking Credit Note (SbCN) Scheme.
• Under the scheme, ship owners receive credits worth 40% of the scrap value, which can be utilised up to 5% of the cost of a new vessel.
• The Government has also provided ₹53.5 crore as modernization support to promote environmentally sustainable ship recycling practices.
• The support has enabled 115 Hong Kong International Convention (HKC)-compliant ship recycling facilities in the country.
• The Alang-Sosiya Ship Recycling Yard in Gujarat handles nearly 97% of India's ship recycling activity.
• Under the Gujarat Government's master plan, the yard is being expanded to a capacity of 9 million Light Displacement Tons (LDT).
• The expansion will further strengthen Alang-Sosiya's position as the world's largest ship recycling hub.

About United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

• Established: 1964
• Headquarters: Geneva
• Secretary-General: Rebeca Grynspan

About Gujarat:

• Chief Minister: Bhupendra Patel
• Governor: Acharya Devvrat
• Capital: Gandhinagar
• National Parks: Gir National Park, Blackbuck National Park, Vansda National Park, Marine National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary, Velavadar Blackbuck Sanctuary, Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, Purna Wildlife Sanctuary

RECENT NEWS

• The Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) and Meta Platforms have announced the strategic partnership to establish an AI-enabled hyperscale data centre in the  Jamnagar, Gujarat. It is the 168 MW facility and expected to be completed within two years. Also it will be the Meta’s first built to suit data centre in India. 

V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority Emerges as Model for Sustainable Maritime Development

• Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPS&W), announced that V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority (VOCPA) has emerged as a model for sustainable maritime development in India.
• The announcement was made at an event held at Transport Bhawan, New Delhi.
• VOCPA achieved a 45% reduction in net carbon emissions, highlighting its commitment to green and sustainable port operations.
• The Union Minister dedicated six key initiatives undertaken by VOCPA in the fields of education, green energy and digital transformation.
• During the event, VOCPA released its first comprehensive sustainability disclosure report titled "VOCPA Sustainability Report 2026: Towards a Green Maritime Future".
• A case study titled "The Hydrogen Pivot: Orchestrating the Green Transition at V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority" was also released.
• The case study was prepared by Indian Institute of Management Calcutta and highlights VOCPA's transition towards sustainable and hydrogen-based port operations.
• As part of its educational initiatives, the Minister inaugurated Vidya Pravesh (Academic Activities) for the academic year 2026–27 at the newly established Kendriya Vidyalaya through video conferencing.
• The school is located in the Port Colony, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu.
• VOCPA was recognised as a "Scope-2 Emission Free Port" by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPS&W).
• The recognition validates the port's successful transition towards clean energy adoption and low-carbon operations.
• Scope-2 emissions refer to indirect greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the consumption of purchased electricity, steam, heating or cooling.

Bengaluru Hosts BRICS Heads of Space Agencies (HOSA) Meeting 2026

• India is hosting the BRICS Heads of Space Agencies (HOSA) Meeting 2026 in Bengaluru, bringing together senior representatives and heads of space agencies from all 11 BRICS member countries.
• The meeting is being hosted by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Department of Space (DoS) with support from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).
• The event aligns with India's BRICS Chairship theme: "Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability."
• The meeting serves as a platform for strengthening cooperation in space exploration, satellite applications, Earth observation, remote sensing and emerging space technologies.
• Participating countries include Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
• A major focus of the meeting is space sustainability, including issues related to space debris, orbital congestion, sustainable space operations and responsible satellite deployment.
• Member countries are expected to discuss space debris mitigation measures, national regulatory frameworks and best practices for safe and sustainable space activities.
• The meeting will also review the expansion of the BRICS Remote Sensing Satellite Constellation (RSSC), which facilitates sharing of Earth observation data among member nations.
• The BRICS RSSC supports applications such as disaster management, agriculture monitoring, climate studies, urban planning and environmental protection.
• Another key agenda item is the proposed BRICS Space Council, which could serve as a permanent mechanism for coordinating space-related activities among BRICS countries.
• The proposed council may focus on policy coordination, joint research programmes, capacity building, technology sharing and long-term strategic planning.
• Hosting the meeting highlights India's growing role in global space diplomacy and its strengths in cost-effective space missions, satellite technology, planetary exploration, commercial launch services and space-based development applications.
• The event reflects the increasing importance of international collaboration in addressing emerging challenges in the space sector.

About Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

• Established: 1969
• Headquarters: Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Chairman: V. Narayanan
• Department: Department of Space (DoS)

Rajasthan Constitutes Five-Member Committee to Draft Uniform Civil Code (UCC)

• The Government of Rajasthan has constituted a five-member committee to prepare a draft law for the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in the state.
• The committee will be chaired by former Supreme Court judge Ranjana Prakash Desai.
• The panel has been tasked with examining legal, social and administrative aspects related to the implementation of a Uniform Civil Code in Rajasthan.
• The committee will hold consultations with citizens, legal experts, community representatives, religious leaders, women's organisations and social groups before submitting its recommendations.
• To ensure wider public participation, the committee will visit divisional headquarters across Rajasthan and gather views from various stakeholders.
• The state government will also launch a dedicated online portal through which citizens can submit suggestions and opinions.
• A Uniform Civil Code (UCC) refers to a common set of civil laws applicable to all citizens irrespective of religion, caste or community.
• It seeks to provide uniform provisions relating to:
• Marriage
• Divorce
• Adoption
• Inheritance
• Succession
• At present, these matters are governed by different personal laws for different religious communities.
• The concept of a Uniform Civil Code is mentioned in Article 44 of the Constitution of India under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).
• Article 44 states that the State shall endeavour to secure a Uniform Civil Code for citizens throughout India.

Committee Chairperson

• Chairperson: Ranjana Prakash Desai
• Former Judge of the Supreme Court of India

About Rajasthan:

• Capital: Jaipur
• Governor: Haribhau Bagade
• Chief Minister: Bajan Lal Sharma
• National Parks: Ranthambhore National Park, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Keoladeo National Park (Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary), Desert National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary, Ranthambore Wildlife Sanctuary, Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary

RECENT NEWS

• National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has successfully introduced the first Multi-Lane Free Flow (MLFF) tolling system in the state of Rajasthan. This barrier less toll collection system at Daulatpura Toll Plaza launched on the busy Delhi-Jaipur section of NH-48. 

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Indian-Origin Physicist Jainendra K. Jain Receives 2025 Wolf Prize in Physics

• Jainendra K. Jain, an Indian-origin theoretical physicist based in the United States of America (USA), received the 2025 Wolf Prize in Physics for his discovery of composite fermions, a breakthrough that revolutionised the understanding of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE).
• He shared the award with James P. Eisenstein and Mordehai Heiblum for advancing the understanding of two-dimensional electron systems in strong magnetic fields.
• Jain became the first person of Indian origin to receive the Wolf Prize in Physics since the award was established in 1978.
• The discovery that earned him the award dates back to 1989, when he was a postdoctoral scholar at Yale University.
• The award was presented by Isaac Herzog at a state ceremony held in the Knesset, Jerusalem, Israel.
• Jain is the Founding Director of the Lodha Theoretical Physics Institute, India's first fully privately funded institute dedicated to fundamental research in theoretical physics.
• He also serves as Evan Pugh University Professor and Eberly Family Chair in Physics at Pennsylvania State University.
• The Wolf Prize has been awarded annually by the Wolf Foundation since 1978 and recognises outstanding contributions that advance human knowledge.
• The prize is awarded in the fields of Physics, Agriculture, Chemistry, Mathematics, Medicine and the Arts.
• Other Indian-origin recipients of Wolf Prizes include:
• Gurdev Singh Khush – Wolf Prize in Agriculture for contributions to the Green Revolution.
• Venkatesan Sundaresan – Wolf Prize in Agriculture.
• Zubin Mehta – Wolf Prize in Music.

President Droupadi Murmu Conferred 65 Padma Awards in Second Phase of Padma Awards 2026

• President Droupadi Murmu conferred 65 Padma Awards during the second phase of the Padma Awards 2026 investiture ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhavan.
• The awards recognised distinguished contributions in fields such as sports, cinema, music, literature, public affairs, social service, science and culture.
• The awards presented during the ceremony included:
• 2 Padma Vibhushan
• 7 Padma Bhushan
• 56 Padma Shri
• Earlier, the Government of India had announced a total of 131 Padma Awards for 2026, comprising:
• 5 Padma Vibhushan
• 13 Padma Bhushan
• 113 Padma Shri
• Prominent personalities honoured during the ceremony included:
• Rohit Sharma – Cricket
• R. Madhavan – Cinema
• Mammootty – Cinema
• Alka Yagnik – Music
• Vijay Amritraj – Sports
• Rohit Sharma was recognised for his outstanding contribution to Indian cricket, including leadership achievements and international performances.
• R. Madhavan received the honour for his significant contribution to Indian cinema through acting and filmmaking.
• Mammootty was recognised for his decades-long contribution to Malayalam and Indian cinema.
• Alka Yagnik was honoured for her exceptional contribution to Indian playback singing and music.
• Vijay Amritraj was recognised for his achievements in tennis and his contribution to promoting Indian sports globally.

Categories of Padma Awards

• Padma Vibhushan – Awarded for exceptional and distinguished service.
• Padma Bhushan – Awarded for distinguished service of a high order.
• Padma Shri – Awarded for distinguished service in any field.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Former Civil Aviation Secretary Pradeep Singh Kharola Joins Air India as Executive Advisor

• Pradeep Singh Kharola, former Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of Air India and former Secretary, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA), has rejoined Air India as Executive Advisor to Chairman N. Chandrasekaran.
• The appointment became effective immediately and is aimed at strengthening Air India's leadership during a period of transition.
• Pradeep Singh Kharola will work closely with N. Chandrasekaran, Chairman of Air India and the Tata Group, on strategic and operational matters.
• He will also serve as a full-time member of the Air India Management Committee.
• The appointment comes during a significant leadership transition at Air India following the announced departure of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Campbell Wilson.
• Pradeep Singh Kharola previously served as CMD of Air India from 2017 to 2019.
• During his earlier tenure, he played an important role in Air India's privatisation process.
• The privatisation of Air India was completed in 2022, when the airline was acquired by the Tata Group.
• Kharola is regarded as a highly experienced administrator with extensive expertise in aviation governance, policy formulation, and regulatory affairs.
• He previously served as Secretary, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA), giving him deep knowledge of India's aviation sector.
• Air India is currently implementing a large-scale restructuring strategy following its 2022 acquisition by the Tata Group.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Air Force Strengthens Strike Capability as 40 Su-30MKI Fighter Jets Are Equipped with BrahMos Missiles

• As of 25 June 2026, around 40 Indian Air Force (IAF) Su-30MKI fighter aircraft have been integrated with BrahMos-A supersonic cruise missiles.
• The Su-30MKI is a twin-engine multirole fighter aircraft developed by Sukhoi (Russia) and manufactured in India by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) under licence.
• The Indian Air Force currently operates a fleet of approximately 270 Su-30MKI fighter jets, making it the backbone of India's combat air power.
• BrahMos-A is the air-launched version of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile.

Key Highlights :

• BrahMos is a joint India-Russia missile programme developed by BrahMos Aerospace in collaboration with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• The BrahMos Joint Venture between India and Russia was established in 1998.
• The BrahMos missile is among the world's fastest operational supersonic cruise missiles.
• The missile can be launched from land, sea, air, and submarine platforms, making it a versatile strategic weapon system.
• The air-launched BrahMos-A weighs approximately 2.5 tonnes, compared to nearly 3 tonnes for the land-based version.
• Integration of BrahMos-A on the Su-30MKI required extensive structural modifications, avionics upgrades, and flight testing.
• The BrahMos-A was initially limited to a range of 290 km, but its range has now been extended to more than 500 km.
• Future versions of BrahMos are planned to achieve ranges of 800 km and 1,500 km.
• The missile is capable of conducting precision strikes against both land and sea targets.
• The integration provides the Su-30MKI with a powerful long-range stand-off strike capability.
• The Su-30MKI has an operational range of approximately 3,000 km without aerial refuelling.
• Equipped with BrahMos-A, the aircraft significantly enhances India's long-range attack capability across both maritime and land battlefields.
• The IAF plans to retain about 70 older Su-30MKI aircraft outside the planned Super Sukhoi Upgrade Programme.
• These older aircraft are intended to serve as heavy missile carriers for BrahMos and future indigenous long-range cruise missiles.
• BrahMos Aerospace and DRDO are currently developing the BrahMos-NG (Next Generation)
• BrahMos-NG will be lighter, weighing around 1.5 tonnes, making it compatible with a wider range of fighter aircraft.
• The expected range of BrahMos-NG is around 300 km.
• BrahMos-NG is expected to be operational between 2028 and 2029.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPS & PORTALS

Ministry of Civil Aviation and Delhi International Airport Limited Introduce AIR SUVIDHA 2.0 for Ebola Surveillance at India's Points of Entry

• The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) and Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) launched AIR SUVIDHA 2.0, an upgraded contactless Passenger Health Self-Declaration Portal.
• AIR SUVIDHA 2.0 has been launched to strengthen public health surveillance at Points of Entry (PoE) in response to the ongoing Ebola disease outbreak.
• The launch follows the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of the Ebola/Bundibugyo Virus Disease outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).
• The PHEIC declaration was made on 17 May 2026 under the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005.
• The current outbreak has been confirmed as Bundibugyo Virus Disease (BVD).
• Countries bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Uganda, including South Sudan, have been classified as high-risk areas for transmission.
• AIR SUVIDHA 2.0 was developed in collaboration with the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW).
• The portal enables international arriving passengers to submit a mandatory online Health Self-Declaration before immigration clearance.
• The declaration includes details of a 21-day travel history, exposure history, and related symptoms, if any.
• The portal facilitates real-time data sharing with the Airport Health Officer (AHO), Bureau of Immigration, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP), and State Surveillance Officers.
• AIR SUVIDHA 2.0 enables the swift identification, monitoring, and referral of at-risk travellers while ensuring a seamless and contactless arrival process.
• The system eliminates the need for physical health declaration forms upon arrival.
• The Air Suvidha Self Declaration Form (SDF) can be completed up to 24 hours before arrival in India.
• Passengers are advised to complete the SDF before boarding or during web check-in for faster immigration and health clearance.
• Travellers are required to present the downloaded Self Declaration Form (SDF) at the International Travel Health Desk or Immigration Counter.

About Ministry of Civil Aviation :

• Cabinet Minister : Kinjarapu Ram Mohan Naidu
• Minister of State : Murlidhar Kisan Mohol

National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority Unifies Pharma Jan Samadhan and Pharma Sahi Daam Portals for Improved Public Services

• The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) has integrated the Pharma Jan Samadhan Portal with the Pharma Sahi Daam Portal to strengthen citizen-centric digital governance.
• The integration has been carried out under the Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP), Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.
• The unified platform combines medicine price information and grievance redressal services on a single digital portal.
• Citizens can now seamlessly access both medicine price verification and complaint registration services through the integrated Pharma Sahi Daam interface.
• The Pharma Sahi Daam Portal was developed to provide consumers with instant access to prices of scheduled and non-scheduled medicines.
• The platform helps consumers verify whether medicines are being sold within government-approved price limits.
• The Pharma Jan Samadhan Portal was designed to facilitate the reporting and resolution of complaints related to medicine pricing.
• Prior to this integration, both services were connected through the mobile application, but operated through separate web portals.
• The integration aims to provide a more efficient, transparent, and user-friendly digital experience.
• The unified portal became operational with immediate effect.
• The integrated platform promotes transparency, accountability, public participation, and access to affordable medicines.

About NPPA :

• The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) was established in 1997 through a Government of India Resolution.
• NPPA functions as an attached office of the Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP) under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.
• NPPA serves as an independent regulator of drug pricing in India.
• One of the primary responsibilities of NPPA is fixing and revising drug prices under the provisions of the Drugs Prices Control Order (DPCO), 2013.
• NPPA is also responsible for monitoring compliance with drug price regulations and ensuring the availability of essential medicines.

About Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers :

• Cabinet Minister : Jagat Prakash Nadda
• Minister of State : Anupriya Patel

Union Minister Amit Shah Unveils Four National Crime Records Bureau Digital Policing Apps in New Delhi

• Union Minister Amit Shah, holding the portfolios of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Ministry of Cooperation, launched four digital policing applications at the 26th All India Fingerprint Conference 2026 in New Delhi.
• The four applications launched by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) are Abhigyan, Criminal Procedure Identification (CrPI), e-Prosecution 2.0, and e-Forensics 2.0.
• These applications are designed to strengthen the Integrated Criminal Justice System (ICJS) through Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven biometric identification, forensic integration, and digital prosecution management.
• The primary objective of the initiative is to ensure faster investigation, prosecution, and conviction through seamless integration of police, forensic, and judicial systems.
• The government aims to complete the entire criminal justice process within three years, from First Information Report (FIR) registration to conviction.
• The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), an organization under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), developed all four digital applications.
• Abhigyan is designed to enhance biometric identification and criminal investigation capabilities.
• CrPI (Criminal Procedure Identification) supports digital management of criminal identification records and procedures.
• e-Prosecution 2.0 aims to improve the efficiency of prosecution management and facilitate the speedy disposal of pending cases.
• e-Forensics 2.0 strengthens the integration of forensic science into criminal investigations and judicial proceedings.
• According to Amit Shah, these applications will contribute significantly to the timely delivery of justice and improve the efficiency of law enforcement agencies.
• The 26th All India Fingerprint Conference 2026 was organized by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB).
• The event was attended by senior officials including the Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB), Director of NCRB, and Director of the Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CFSL).
• During the same event, Amit Shah also launched in, the e-auction portal of the National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED).
• Additional initiatives launched by the Minister included DRISHTI (Digital Resource for Information, Support, Training and Human Interface), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and NAFED KALYAN in New Delhi, Delhi.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Prepares Swift Boost Mission to Save Aging Swift Space Telescope

• The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is preparing the Swift Boost Mission to raise the orbit of the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, a space telescope launched in November 2004.
• The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory is a U.S. government scientific satellite designed for astrophysical observations, particularly the study of gamma-ray bursts and other cosmic phenomena.
• The observatory is gradually losing altitude due to atmospheric drag caused by increased solar activity.
• Without intervention, the observatory could re-enter Earth's atmosphere by late 2026.
• The primary objective of the Swift Boost Mission is to increase the satellite's orbit and extend its operational life.
• The mission is scheduled for launch on 27 June 2026.
• The mission will be launched aboard a Pegasus XL rocket developed by Northrop Grumman.
• The Pegasus XL rocket will be air-launched from the Stargazer aircraft.
• The Stargazer aircraft will take off from Kwajalein Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
• The mission utilizes a robotic servicing spacecraft named LINK.
• LINK has been developed by Katalyst Space Technologies.
• In September 2025, NASA awarded a USD 30 million contract for the Swift Boost project.
• The LINK spacecraft was developed and built in just 250 days.
• LINK weighs 935 pounds (424 kilograms).
• The spacecraft is equipped with reaction-control thrusters, robotic arms, and rendezvous sensors.
• These systems enable approach, capture, attachment, and orbit-raising operations for satellites not originally designed for servicing.
• The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory was not built for docking, robotic capture, or on-orbit servicing, making this mission technologically significant.
• The mission serves as a demonstration of robotic orbital servicing technology for a U.S. government scientific satellite.
• To reduce orbital decay and preserve fuel, Swift's scientific observations have been suspended since February 2026.
• If the mission succeeds, scientific operations could resume as early as Autumn 2026.
• The mission aims to extend the observatory's lifespan by at least 5 years, with the possibility of extending operations by up to 10 years.

Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research- Hyderabad Develops Smart Seed Coating Technology Capable of Increasing Crop Yields by Up to 37%

• The Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR), Hyderabad, has developed and patented a Biopolymer-Based Smart Seed Coating Technology to improve seed quality, crop establishment, and resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Key Highlights :

• The Smart Seed Coating Technology is an Indian-patented, biodegradable seed enhancement platform designed to improve crop performance from the earliest stages of growth.
• The innovation replaces conventional single-purpose seed treatments with a multifunctional protective shield that enhances germination, seedling vigor, and crop productivity.
• The technology aligns with national priorities related to sustainable agriculture, climate resilience, improved seed systems, and resource-use efficiency.
• According to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), the technology has the potential to increase crop yields by up to 37%.
• Extensive field trials were conducted across seven major crops: Soybean, Maize, Groundnut, Chickpea, Cotton, Mustard, and Pigeon Pea.
• Field trials demonstrated productivity gains ranging from 12% to 37% compared to untreated seeds.
• Demonstrations conducted in Telangana recorded yield improvements of approximately 30% in Groundnut and Soybean compared to conventional farming practices.
• During 2025-26, Groundnut yields reached 1.8 tonnes per hectare in Summer, 2.26 tonnes per hectare in Kharif, and 2.4 tonnes per hectare in Rabi.
• Soybean, cultivated mainly during the Kharif season, recorded yields of approximately 1.02 tonnes per hectare.
• Mustard (Rabi crop) achieved yields of around 1.46 tonnes per hectare.
• Sunflower yields ranged between 1.0 and 1.35 tonnes per hectare.
• Castor recorded yields of approximately 1.98 tonnes per hectare.
• Sesame yields ranged from 0.5 to 0.9 tonnes per hectare.
• The technology can be customized for a wide range of crops, including Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Vegetables, and Horticultural Crops.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

Maharashtra Signs MoU with Google for Education to Train Over 4 Lakh Teachers in Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies

• The Maharashtra School Education Department signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Google for Education to provide Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital technology training to more than 4 lakh teachers across the state.
• Under the programme, selected Master Trainers will first receive specialised training and will subsequently train teachers throughout Maharashtra.
• The initiative aims to enhance Artificial Intelligence literacy, digital skills and technology-enabled teaching practices among educators.
• Training content will be provided in Marathi, Hindi and English to ensure wider accessibility and effective learning.
• The programme will promote the use of Google's Artificial Intelligence tools for educational purposes and support teachers' professional development.
• The entire training programme will be provided free of cost by Google, resulting in no financial burden on the Maharashtra Government.
• The Maharashtra Government will retain full control over the implementation process while ensuring digital safety and security for teachers.
• The initiative is expected to strengthen digital education and improve the integration of emerging technologies in classrooms across the state.

About Maharashtra:

• Chief Minister: Devendra Fadnavis
• Governor: Jishnu Dev Varma.
• Capital: Mumbai
• National Parks: Tadoba National Park, Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Chandoli National Park, Gugamal National Park, Navegaon National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnala Bird Sanctuary, Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND REPORTS

India Ranked 13th in Quacquarelli Symonds World Future Skills Index 2027

• India secured the 13th position globally in the QS World Future Skills Index 2027, released by QS Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), a global higher education analytics firm.
• The index highlights India's growing readiness for an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven economy and recognises India as one of the strongest-performing lower-middle-income economies in preparing for AI-led economic transformation.
• The QS World Future Skills Index 2027 assessed 89 countries using higher education data, labour market indicators, Artificial Intelligence readiness metrics and economic transformation measures.
• India achieved an overall score of 89.4 out of 100 and was described in the report as possessing "exceptional system scale".
• The report identified India as one of the countries best positioned to accelerate Artificial Intelligence-led economic growth among developing economies.
• India's strengths include a large digital workforce, an expanding technology ecosystem, increasing Artificial Intelligence adoption, a strong demographic advantage and a growing startup and innovation ecosystem.
• The index is based on four pillars: Skills Alignment, Academic Readiness, Future of Work and Economic Transformation.
• India ranked 18th in Skills Alignment, which measures how effectively educational institutions equip graduates with skills required by employers.
• India ranked 22nd in Academic Readiness, which evaluates the strength and future orientation of the higher education system.
• India ranked 5th globally in Future of Work, reflecting strong preparedness for Artificial Intelligence, digital transformation and green economy transitions.
• India ranked 14th in Economic Transformation, which assesses how effectively countries convert skills into productivity, innovation and economic growth.
• The top three countries in the QS World Future Skills Index 2027 are:
1. United States
2. Australia
3. United Kingdom
• With its 13th rank, India is among the leading countries preparing for future digital and technology-driven economies and ranks ahead of many emerging economies.

About QS Quacquarelli Symonds (QS)

• Founded: 1990
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom
• Founder: Nunzio Quacquarelli
• Known For: QS World University Rankings and higher education analytics.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Cristiano Ronaldo Becomes First Player to Score in Six FIFA World Cup Editions

• Portugal captain Cristiano Ronaldo created football history by becoming the first player to score in six different FIFA World Cup tournaments.
• He achieved the milestone during Portugal’s 5-0 victory over Uzbekistan in the 2026 FIFA World Cup.
• At 41 years of age, Ronaldo continued his remarkable international career by scoring twice in the match.
• His first goal came in the sixth minute after receiving a cross from João Cancelo.
• The goal ensured that Ronaldo had scored in six separate FIFA World Cup editions, a feat never achieved before in men's or women's football.

Cristiano Ronaldo's FIFA World Cup Scoring Record

• 2006 FIFA World Cup
• 2010 FIFA World Cup
• 2014 FIFA World Cup
• 2018 FIFA World Cup
• 2022 FIFA World Cup
• 2026 FIFA World Cup
• Ronaldo also became the second-oldest goal scorer in FIFA World Cup history at 41 years and 138 days.
• The record is held by Roger Milla, who scored at the age of 42 years and 39 days during the 1994 FIFA World Cup.
• With his two goals against Uzbekistan, Ronaldo became the highest goal scorer for Portugal in FIFA World Cup history.
• His first goal equalled the record of Portuguese legend Eusébio, who had scored nine World Cup goals.
• His second goal took his tally to 10 FIFA World Cup goals, setting a new national record.

About FIFA

• Full Form: Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)
• Established: 1904
• Headquarters: Zurich, Switzerland
• President: Gianni Infantino

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking 2026 Observed on 26 June

• The International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is observed every year on 26 June to raise awareness about the harmful effects of drug abuse and illicit drug trafficking on individuals, families, and society.
• The day promotes global action to prevent drug abuse, strengthen rehabilitation efforts, and combat illegal drug trade.
• The observance was established by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through Resolution 42/112 on 7 December 1987.
• Since 1988, the day has been commemorated annually to encourage international cooperation against drug-related crimes and substance abuse.
• The observance highlights the importance of prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of individuals affected by drug addiction.
• It also emphasizes the need to address challenges related to illicit drug production, trafficking, organized crime, and public health.
• The global campaign is led by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), which works with governments and organizations worldwide to tackle drug-related issues.

About United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)

• Established: 1997
• Headquarters: Vienna, Austria
• Parent Organization: United Nations (UN)
• Executive Director: Monica Juma

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Francois Englert, Co-Recipient of the 2013 Nobel Physics Prize, Passed Away at 93

• Francois Englert, the renowned Belgian theoretical physicist, passed away at the age of 93 years in Uccle, Brussels, Belgium.

About Francois Englert :

• Francois Englert was one of the key scientists behind the theoretical framework that led to the discovery of the Higgs Boson, often referred to as the "God Particle."
• His work helped explain how fundamental particles acquire mass, one of the most important questions in modern physics.
• Francois Englert was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Peter Higgs.
• The Nobel Prize was awarded for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles.
• The theory was experimentally confirmed through the discovery of the Higgs Boson at CERN in 2012.
• CERN stands for the European Organization for Nuclear Research and is located near Geneva, Switzerland.
• Francois Englert was born on 6 November 1932 in Brussels, Belgium.
• He studied at the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), one of Belgium's leading universities.
• He briefly worked at Cornell University, United States, before returning to ULB in 1961, where he spent most of his academic career.
• In the early 1960s, Francois Englert and Robert Brout proposed that particles acquire mass through a universal field known as the Higgs Field.
• Their theory became known as the Brout–Englert–Higgs Mechanism.
• Independently, Peter Higgs proposed a similar theory and predicted the existence of a new particle called the Higgs Boson.
• The discovery of the Higgs Boson provided experimental confirmation of the Brout–Englert–Higgs Mechanism and became one of the most significant achievements in particle physics.
• The Higgs mechanism is a cornerstone of the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

Daily CA One- Liner: June 26

• The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) announced that India became the world's leading ship recycling nation in 2025
• Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPS&W), announced that V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority (VOCPA) has emerged as a model for sustainable maritime development in India
• India is hosting the BRICS Heads of Space Agencies (HOSA) Meeting 2026 in Bengaluru, bringing together senior representatives and heads of space agencies from all 11 BRICS member countries
• The Government of Rajasthan has constituted a five-member committee to prepare a draft law for the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in the state
• Jainendra K. Jain, an Indian-origin theoretical physicist based in the United States of America (USA), received the 2025 Wolf Prize in Physics for his discovery of composite fermions, a breakthrough that revolutionised the understanding of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
• President Droupadi Murmu conferred 65 Padma Awards during the second phase of the Padma Awards 2026 investiture ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhavan
• The Maharashtra School Education Department signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Google for Education to provide Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital technology training to more than 4 lakh teachers across the state.
• India secured the 13th position globally in the QS World Future Skills Index 2027, released by QS Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), a global higher education analytics firm
• Portugal captain Cristiano Ronaldo created football history by becoming the first player to score in six different FIFA World Cup tournaments.

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued the “RBI (Trade Receivables Discounting System) Directions, 2026” to simplify onboarding for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and strengthen invoice financing.
• Bangladesh joined the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) on 24 June 2026, becoming the 27th member nation of the alliance.
• Pradeep Singh Kharola, former Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of Air India and former Secretary, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA), has rejoined Air India as Executive Advisor to Chairman N. Chandrasekaran.
• As of 25 June 2026, around 40 Indian Air Force (IAF) Su-30MKI fighter aircraft have been integrated with BrahMos-A supersonic cruise missiles.
• The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) and Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) launched AIR SUVIDHA 2.0, an upgraded contactless Passenger Health Self-Declaration Portal.
• The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) has integrated the Pharma Jan Samadhan Portal with the Pharma Sahi Daam Portal to strengthen citizen-centric digital governance.
• Union Minister Amit Shah, holding the portfolios of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Ministry of Cooperation, launched four digital policing applications at the 26th All India Fingerprint Conference 2026 in New Delhi.
• The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is preparing the Swift Boost Mission to raise the orbit of the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, a space telescope launched in November 2004.
• The Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR), Hyderabad, has developed and patented a Biopolymer-Based Smart Seed Coating Technology to improve seed quality, crop establishment, and resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses.

• Francois Englert, the renowned Belgian theoretical physicist, passed away at the age of 93 years in Uccle, Brussels, Belgium.

• The International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is observed every year on 26 June to raise awareness about the harmful effects of drug abuse and illicit drug trafficking on individuals, families, and society.