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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Reserve Bank of India Relaxes Export Declaration Form Compliance Rules for Resident Individual Service Exporters

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) relaxed Export Declaration Form (EDF) compliance norms for resident individuals exporting services abroad to reduce procedural difficulties under the new services export reporting framework.
• As per the RBI notification dated 2 November 2026, resident individuals exporting services will be deemed to have submitted the EDF once they provide the required payment-related information to their Authorised Dealer (AD) bank.
• Freelancers, independent consultants and other resident individuals earning income from overseas clients are exempted from submitting a separate EDF if they provide the required payment-related information to their bank.
• For exporters other than resident individuals, the simplified reporting facility is applicable to inward remittances of up to ₹10 lakh per transaction.
• The revised EDF compliance norms are effective retrospectively from 1 October 2026.
• Under the earlier Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) reporting framework introduced in September 2026, service exporters were required to submit an EDF within 30 days from the end of the month in which the invoice was raised.
• The Export Declaration Form (EDF) helps Authorised Dealer (AD) banks record export transactions in the RBI's Export Data Processing and Monitoring System (EDPMS) and monitor the receipt of export proceeds.
• The relaxation aims to simplify services export reporting, reduce compliance burdens and facilitate cross-border service exports by Indian individuals.

Reserve Bank of India Sets Up Technical Consultative Committee for Financial Markets to Strengthen Financial Markets and Simplifies Reporting Norms for Small Service Exporters and Importers

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) constituted a Technical Consultative Committee for Financial Markets (TCCFM) under the chairmanship of Deputy Governor Rohit Jain to strengthen engagement with market participants on financial market-related policy and operational issues.
• The TCCFM will serve as a consultation platform for the RBI and stakeholders to discuss issues concerning money markets, government securities, foreign exchange and derivatives markets.
• The RBI amended the Foreign Exchange Management (Export and Import of Goods and Services) Regulations, 2026, to simplify reporting requirements for small-value service exports and imports.
• The amended regulations came into effect retrospectively from 1 October 2026.
• Under the revised norms, resident individual service exporters will be deemed to have submitted the Export Declaration Form (EDF) once they provide the required payment information to their Authorised Dealer (AD) bank for crediting inward remittances.
• Non-individual service exporters will receive the same facility for service export receipts of up to ₹10 lakh, or its equivalent in foreign currency, per service.
• Under the revised Import Data Processing and Monitoring System (IDPMS) norms, AD banks must enter service import details within 5 working days of receiving the information when the importer is a non-resident individual?
• The IDPMS reporting requirement applies to cases where the importer is not a resident individual and the invoice or contract value exceeds ₹10 lakh, or its equivalent in foreign currency.
• These amendments aim to reduce compliance burdens, simplify foreign exchange reporting and improve ease of doing business for small service exporters and importers.

National Payments Corporation of India Establishes Fourth Wholly Owned Subsidiary NPCI Tech Solutions Limited; Appoints Vishal Kanvaty as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer

• The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) launched NPCI Tech Solutions Limited (NTSL) as the new technology and innovation arm of the NPCI Group.
• NPCI Tech Solutions Limited (NTSL) became the fourth wholly owned subsidiary of NPCI.
• The other three wholly owned subsidiaries of NPCI are NPCI International Payments Limited (NIPL), NPCI Bharat BillPay Limited (NBBL) and NPCI BHIM Services Limited (NBSL).
• Vishal Kanvaty, currently the Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of NPCI, was appointed as the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (MD & CEO) of NTSL.
• NTSL will focus on emerging technologies and digital services, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, Digital Financial Infrastructure and Global Capability Centre (GCC) services.
• NTSL will provide technology services for e-KYC Setu (Electronic Know Your Customer Setu), the Unified Ticketing Platform (UTP) and other Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)
• NTSL was established with the approval of the NPCI Board and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• Vishal Kanvaty joined NPCI in 2017 and handled product and innovation roles before becoming CTO in April 2023.

About NPCI :

• Established : 2008 as a not-for-profit company by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Indian Banks’ Association (IBA).
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (MD & CEO) : Dilip Asbe.
• NPCI operates major retail payment systems in India, including Unified Payments Interface (UPI), RuPay, Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), National Automated Clearing House (NACH), National Electronic Toll Collection (NETC), Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AePS) and e-RUPI.

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Introduces Four-Tier Motor Insurance Policy Framework and Revises Employee Stock Option Plans Regulations

• The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) directed general insurers to implement a four-layer motor insurance policy structure for private cars and two-wheelers with effect from 15 December 2026.
• The new framework was introduced in accordance with the Supreme Court's order in the case of National Insurance Company Ltd. vs. Thungala Dhana Laxmi & Others.
• The four sections of the new motor insurance policy structure are Third-Party Liability, Legal Liability to Occupants or Pillion Riders, Personal Accident Cover, and Loss of or Damage to the Insured Vehicle (Own Damage).

Key Highlights :

• Under the new framework, Third-Party Liability Cover will remain mandatory, while the other covers will be optional, subject to applicable provisions governing mandatory personal accident insurance for owner-insured persons.
• The directions apply to all general insurers undertaking motor insurance business, excluding stand-alone health insurers and specialised insurers.
• Insurers must adopt uniform policy wordings for all private vehicles, including new cars and two-wheelers.
• Insurers must obtain a duly completed Customer Option Form from every policyholder, allowing customers to select their preferred insurance covers through online or offline modes.
• Issuance of the Customer Information Sheet (CIS) at the point of sale is mandatory, providing details of the actual coverage and premium charged for each section of the policy.
• Insurers must separately disclose the coverage offered and premium charged for each section in the motor insurance policy schedule to ensure transparency.
• Existing policyholders can add Legal Liability Cover for Occupants or Pillion Riders during the policy period by paying an additional premium.
• Insurers can continue to introduce innovative coverage options and determine the pricing of Own-Damage (OD) Cover according to market forces.
• IRDAI has directed insurers to integrate the new four-layer motor insurance policy structure with Bima Sugam, the digital insurance marketplace.
• IRDAI also revised the norms governing shares issued to employees of insurance companies under Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs).
• The revised ESOP and share-transfer norms apply to all insurers, except branches of foreign reinsurers and applicants seeking registration.
• IRDAI reduced the processing fee for specified share-transfer approvals under Regulation 22(4) by 80%, from Rs 50 lakh to Rs 10 lakh.
• Prior IRDAI approval is required when shareholdings cross the prescribed thresholds of 5%, 10%, 25%, 50% or 75%, subject to applicable conditions.

About IRDAI:

• Headquarters (HQ): Hyderabad, Telangana, India
• Chairperson:Ajay Seth
• Founded: 1999

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

CABINET APPROVALS

Union Cabinet Extends Fast Track Special Courts Scheme for Five Years with ₹3,788.04-Crore Outlay

• The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the continuation of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs), including exclusive Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Courts, for another five years, from 1 April 2026 to 31 March 2031.
• The extended scheme has a total financial outlay of ₹3,788.04 crore, comprising:
• Central Government share: ₹2,353.15 crore.
• State and Union Territory share: ₹1,434.89 crore.
• The Central Government's contribution will be funded through the Nirbhaya Fund.
• The Government plans to operationalise up to 850 Fast Track Special Courts across participating States and Union Territories, increasing the number from the existing 779 courts.
• The expansion will be based on the pendency of rape cases and offences under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012, across different districts.
• Each Fast Track Special Court will have:
• One dedicated Judicial Officer.
• One Special Public Prosecutor.
• Six support staff members.
• The scheme aims to ensure time-bound trials, reduce the backlog of sexual offence cases and provide a victim-centric judicial environment, particularly for women and children.
• It also encourages the establishment of Vulnerable Witness Deposition Centres (VWDCs) and child-friendly court spaces, enabling victims to record their statements in a supportive environment without additional psychological distress.
• The Department of Justice will implement the scheme in coordination with State Governments and Union Territory administrations.
• The performance of the scheme will be monitored through the FTSC Dashboard, periodic progress reports, expenditure statements and consultations with High Courts and State Governments.
• Current status of the scheme:
• The scheme has been operational since 2 October 2019.
• It currently covers 29 States and Union Territories.
• 779 functional Fast Track Special Courts are operational, including 399 exclusive POCSO Courts.
• Since its launch, these courts have disposed of 4,02,457 cases relating to rape and offences under the POCSO Act.
• Background: The Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Fast Track Special Courts was launched on 2 October 2019, following the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2018, and in compliance with the Supreme Court's directions dated 25 July 2019, in Suo Motu Writ (Criminal) No. 1 of 2019.
• The Supreme Court had directed the establishment of exclusive Special Courts in districts having more than 100 pending cases under the POCSO Act, 2012.
• Initially introduced for a period of one year, the scheme was subsequently extended up to 31 March 2026. The latest Union Cabinet approval ensures its continuation for another five years, until 31 March 2031.

1. Union Cabinet Approves Two-Year Second Tour of Duty for Agniveers Under Agnipath Scheme

• The Union Cabinet approved an additional two-year engagement period for Agniveers who are not selected for regular service after completing their initial four-year tenure under the Agnipath Scheme.
• The decision creates an additional pathway for willing Agniveers to join the regular armed forces after completing either four or six years of service, subject to their willingness and fulfilment of the prescribed selection criteria.
• Under the revised arrangement:
• The existing provision of offering regular employment to 25% of Agniveers, based on merit, will continue after the initial four-year service period.
• The remaining 75% of Agniveers will be offered an additional two-year engagement, depending on their willingness.
• After completing the additional two years, they will be eligible for enrolment as regular soldiers, subject to their willingness and meeting the selection criteria.
• The second engagement period, described as the “Second Tour of Duty”, will provide higher remuneration, an enhanced Seva Nidhi package and seniority benefits.
• The decision was taken following a detailed assessment of the first four years of the Agnipath Scheme and recommendations from the armed forces.
• According to the Government, the assessment generated positive feedback on Agniveers' skills, motivation, physical fitness and technological capabilities.
• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh described the additional two-year engagement as a “Second Tour of Duty” and thanked Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the Cabinet's decision.

• Union Cabinet Approves ₹4,371.10-Crore VISTAR Scheme to Modernise India’s Official Statistical System

• The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the Viksit Bharat Initiative for Statistical Transformation, Analytics and Research (VISTAR), a Central Sector Scheme with a total outlay of ₹4,371.10 crore for the period 2026–27 to 2030–31.
• Aligned with the government's Viksit Bharat 2047 vision, the scheme aims to modernise India's official statistical system by improving the timeliness, accuracy, granularity and interoperability of data and integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advanced analytics into statistical processes.
• The initiative will cover statistical and data management activities of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), providing flexibility to allocate resources according to changing policy requirements.
• VISTAR focuses on strengthening large-scale surveys, statistical research, digital transformation and national data governance to support evidence-based policymaking.
• The scheme has three major components:
• Comprehensive Statistical Operations and Strengthening of Ecosystem.
• Support for Statistical Strengthening (SSS).
• Economic Census (EC).
• Under the Comprehensive Statistical Operations and Strengthening of Ecosystem component, MoSPI plans to conduct 59 surveys during the 16th Finance Commission cycle, compared with 43 major surveys conducted in the previous cycle. The expanded survey programme aims to address critical data gaps across sectors and enable timely and targeted policy interventions.
• MoSPI will undertake end-to-end digitisation of statistical processes and integrate Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (ML) into routine operations, particularly for data processing, validation and analysis.
• The initiative will introduce new statistical indicators, including:
• Headline Index of Services Production.
• Index of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises.
• The scheme will strengthen data harmonisation through improved cataloguing, machine-readable formats, interoperability, data-sharing protocols and privacy-by-design principles.
• MoSPI will incorporate alternative data sources, including mobile phone data, scanner data and e-commerce data, to supplement traditional surveys, reduce the burden on respondents and address information gaps.
• Under the Support for Statistical Strengthening (SSS) component, financial assistance will be provided to State and Union Territory governments through a redesigned, deliverable-linked framework called SSS 2.0.
• SSS 2.0 aims to strengthen statistical capabilities at the State and district levels, improve the availability of granular data and encourage the use of statistical evidence in local policymaking.
• MoSPI will provide technical assistance to expand the preparation of district-level and million-plus-city estimates under major national surveys, including:
• Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS).
• Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES).
• Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE).
• The initiative will further support the preparation of State- and district-level Gross Domestic Product (GDP) estimates and State-level Index of Industrial Production (IIP) data.
• Under the Economic Census (EC) component, MoSPI will conduct the 8th Economic Census in collaboration with State and Union Territory governments.
• The Economic Census will collect detailed information on non-farm establishments and their workers up to the Gram Panchayat and ward levels, providing a comprehensive assessment of India's unorganised economic sector.
• The data collected through the Economic Census will form the foundation for developing a National Statistical Business Register (SBR). The register will facilitate targeted enterprise surveys and support evidence-based policy interventions.
• Overall, the VISTAR Scheme is expected to strengthen India's statistical infrastructure, improve the availability of reliable and timely data, and support informed policymaking in line with the country's long-term development objectives.

1. Union Cabinet Approves ₹2,814-Crore Capital Expenditure Support Scheme to Promote Domestic Critical Mineral Processing

• The Union Cabinet, approved the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Support Scheme to Promote Critical Mineral Processing, with a total financial outlay of ₹2,814 crore.
• The five-year scheme aims to establish four domestic lithium and nickel processing plants and is expected to attract approximately ₹10,000 crore in investments.
• The scheme focuses on lithium and nickel processing, addressing the gap between access to raw minerals and the production of industrial materials required for batteries, speciality steel and other downstream products.
• Under the scheme:
• Lithium processing plants will process ores and concentrates, excluding brines, to manufacture battery-grade products.
• Nickel processing plants will produce Class-1 nickel or battery-grade nickel sulphate, along with cobalt recovery.
• The Government aims to improve the financial viability of processing projects by providing capital expenditure support to offset their high initial investment requirements.
• Importance of domestic critical mineral processing: Critical minerals are essential for clean energy technologies, electronics, transportation, telecommunications and defence. Their availability is also important for achieving India's target of net-zero emissions by 2070.
• Implementation period: The scheme will operate for five years, from Financial Year 2026–27 to Financial Year 2030–31, and will be fully funded through the Government of India’s budgetary support.
• Financial assistance: The scheme provides a capital subsidy of 30% of eligible investment, subject to specified beneficiary-level limits.
• Allocation for lithium processing:
• Two lithium processing plants will be supported, each with a minimum processing capacity of 30,000 tonnes.
• Each beneficiary can receive assistance of up to ₹500 crore.
• Total allocation for lithium processing is ₹1,000 crore.
• Allocation for nickel processing:
• Two nickel processing plants will be supported, each with a minimum processing capacity of 50,000 tonnes.
• Each beneficiary can receive assistance of up to ₹900 crore.
• Total allocation for nickel processing is ₹1,800 crore.
• The four proposed plants are expected to create a combined processing capacity of 60,000 tonnes of lithium and 1,00,000 tonnes of nickel, meeting projected demand by 2030.
• Break-up of the total scheme outlay of ₹2,814 crore:
• Capital expenditure support – ₹2,800 crore.
• Administrative expenses – ₹14 crore.
• Selection of beneficiaries: Beneficiaries will be selected through a competitive two-stage process:
• Applications will first undergo technical assessment. Only applicants satisfying the prescribed technical criteria will qualify for the next stage.
• Technically qualified applicants will participate in financial bidding based on the amount of capital expenditure support they require.
• Selection will follow the least-cost criterion, favouring applicants seeking the lowest financial support.
• Two beneficiaries will be selected for each mineral, resulting in four beneficiaries in total.
• Release of subsidy: Financial assistance will be disbursed in three stages, linked to capital expenditure, equity contribution and plant commissioning milestones:
• First tranche – 25%: Released when the beneficiary has incurred 25% of the committed capital expenditure and contributed at least 15% of the minimum required equity.
• Second tranche – 50% cumulative subsidy: Released when the beneficiary has incurred 50% of the committed capital expenditure and contributed at least 50% of the minimum required equity.
• Final tranche – 100% cumulative subsidy: The remaining assistance will be released after commissioning the plant and contributing 100% of the minimum required equity.
• Plant commissioning deadline: Beneficiaries must commission their plants within three years from the date of receiving the Letter of Award (LoA).
• If commissioning is delayed beyond three years, the remaining undisbursed financial support will be reduced through a tapering mechanism until the fifth year. In all cases, commissioning must be completed within five years from the date of the Letter of Award.
• Three-tier implementation and monitoring mechanism: A three-level institutional structure will oversee beneficiary selection, implementation and monitoring:
• Governing Council: Chaired by the Secretary, Ministry of Mines, it will provide strategic guidance, review progress, make the final selection of beneficiaries and sanction financial assistance. It can also approve changes to scheme guidelines, subject to the approval of the Union Mines Minister.
• Techno-Financial Committee: It will assess applications and recommend eligible beneficiaries to the Governing Council. Its members will include technical and financial experts from research and development organisations, technical institutions and public sector undertakings.
• Project Management Agency: It will provide secretarial, managerial and implementation support and undertake responsibilities assigned by the Ministry of Mines.
• Industries expected to benefit: High-purity processed lithium and nickel materials from the proposed plants are expected to strengthen supply chains in electric mobility, battery storage, electronics, defence and speciality steel.
• Link with India's wider critical minerals strategy: The new CAPEX Support Scheme complements existing initiatives covering critical mineral exploration, mining and recycling.
• The National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM), launched in January 2025, aims to secure long-term supplies of critical minerals and strengthen India's critical mineral value chain.
• A ₹1,500-crore critical mineral recycling scheme, approved on 3 September 2025, supports the recovery of critical minerals from electronic waste, spent lithium-ion batteries and other scrap materials.
• The Central Government has also auctioned 64 critical and strategic mineral blocks and 11 Exploration Licence blocks.

Shri Amit Shah Inaugurates ₹594-Crore Martyrs’ Memorial of the First War of Independence of 1857 in Ambala, Haryana

• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Amit Shah inaugurated the Martyrs’ Memorial of the First War of Independence of 1857 in Ambala, Haryana.
• Haryana Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini, Union Minister Manohar Lal and other dignitaries attended the event.
• Addressing the gathering, Amit Shah recalled that the armed revolution against British rule began in Ambala on 10 May 1857 and subsequently spread across the country.

Key Highlights

• He stated that British-inspired historians of leftist ideology had described the 1857 freedom struggle as merely a revolt, whereas Veer Savarkar regarded it as a struggle for India's freedom.
• He highlighted that the 1857 Revolution ignited the spirit of freedom among people across India, from the Himalayas to Kanyakumari and from Gangasagar to Somnath.
• He stated that countless martyrs sacrificed their lives during the 90-year-long freedom struggle from 1857 to 1947, making India's independence possible. Their sacrifices laid the foundation for today's India and the vision of a Viksit Bharat (Developed India) under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• He recalled the contributions and sacrifices of prominent leaders of the 1857 Revolution, including Nana Saheb Peshwa, Rani Lakshmibai, Tatya Tope and Begum Hazrat Mahal, along with numerous other freedom fighters.
• He recalled the contributions of Maharaja Agrasen, who presented an Indian model of administration, and freedom fighters Raja Nahar Singh and Rao Tula Ram, who fought against British rule.
• He highlighted Haryana's contributions to the nation:
• Haryana contributes the highest number of soldiers to the Indian Army, despite being a relatively small state.
• The state consistently ranks first in India's sports medal tally.
• Haryana's farmers played a major role in strengthening India's food security by filling the country's granaries during the drive towards self-sufficiency in food grains.
• The state has also made a significant contribution to the White Revolution.
• The Martyrs’ Memorial has been developed across 22 acres in Ambala at a cost of ₹594 crore and features 22 galleries. It combines historical documents with Haryana's diverse art forms and uses modern technologies such as virtual reality, holography and interactive projection to present the events of the 1857 Revolution.
• The memorial also features Phulkari and Sarkanda craftsmanship, an open-air theatre with a seating capacity of 2,500 people and a light-and-sound show. These facilities are designed to recreate the historical atmosphere of 1857 and familiarise visitors with the sacrifices and valour of the revolutionaries.
• On the occasion, a National Highway project worth ₹1,260 crore was also inaugurated. Amit Shah stated that the highway would significantly improve connectivity in Haryana.
• Highlighting the development initiatives undertaken in Haryana under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's leadership, Amit Shah listed several achievements of the State:
• Haryana became the country's first smoke-free state through the provision of gas cylinders to households.
• It became the only state in India to procure 24 crops at the Minimum Support Price (MSP).
• Haryana became the first state to implement the new criminal laws and recorded a 40% increase in its conviction rate.
• It became the first state to operate a hydrogen train.
• The country's first elevated railway track was also started in Haryana.
• Under the Haryana Antyodaya Parivar Parivahan Yojana (HAPPY), poor families were provided with 1,000 kilometres of free travel.
• The country's largest Transgender Welfare Board was established in Haryana.
• Haryana pioneered the practice of having fully literate Gram Panchayats.
• An online transfer policy was introduced, and the government eliminated the transfer industry in the State.
• Haryana became the only state in the country without Lal Dora in its villages.
• The State became anaemia-free and established the country's first Ayush school.
• Haryana became the first state to introduce the Parivar Pehchan Patra.
• Under the Bhavantar scheme, Haryana became the first state to provide support to farmers cultivating horticultural crops.
• Haryana provides the highest wages under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
• Amit Shah also highlighted Haryana's progress over the past 60 years and its efforts to achieve a drug-free Haryana. He stated that Prime Minister Narendra Modi had accorded priority to the development of the State.

About Haryana:

• Chief Minister: Nayab Singh Saini
• Governor: Ashim Kumar Ghosh
• Capital: Chandigarh
• National Parks: Sultanpur National Park, Kalesar National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhindawas Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, Morni Hills Wildlife Sanctuary, Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

International Solar Alliance Welcomes the Bahamas as Its 116th Member

• The Commonwealth of The Bahamas joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) as its 116th member during the 9th Session of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) Assembly held in New Delhi, India.
• The Bahamas formally submitted its Instrument of Accession to the ISA Framework Agreement, confirming its membership in the international solar energy alliance.
• Peter Nicholas Symonette Jr., High Commissioner of the Bahamas, formally handed over the Instrument of Accession to S. Gangadhar, Joint Secretary, Economic Diplomacy and Head of Depository.
• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) promotes solar energy deployment through knowledge-sharing, technical assistance, collaborative initiatives and investment facilitation.
• The ISA particularly supports solar energy development in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
• ISA membership will enable the Bahamas to participate in solar energy programmes, access technical expertise and explore collaborative funding frameworks.

About Bahamas :

• Prime Minister : Philip Davis
• Capital : Nassau
• Currency : Bahamian dollar (BSD)

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

India Re-elected as President of the International Solar Alliance for Third Consecutive Term (2026–2028); France as Co-President

• India was elected President of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) for the third consecutive term (2026–2028) during the 9th Session of the ISA held in New Delhi.
• France was re-elected as the Co-President of the International Solar Alliance for the 2026–2028
• The announcement was made by Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy Pralhad Joshi at the Bharat Renewable Energy (BRE) Summit and Expo 2026.
• The Bharat Renewable Energy Summit and Expo 2026 was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2 November 2026 and concluded on 5 November 2026.
• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was jointly established by India and France in 2015 to promote global solar energy adoption.
• The ISA has expanded to 130 signatory and member countries and focuses particularly on accelerating solar energy adoption in the Global South.
• The ISA's guiding vision includes “Power to Empower” and “One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG)”.
• The Africa Solar Facility, worth USD 200 million, aims to promote solar energy development across African countries.
• India committed approximately ₹225 crore (USD 25 million) to promote affordable solar energy.
• The USD 300 million Nigeria Distributed Renewable Energy Fund was highlighted as a model for expanding distributed renewable energy.
• ISA-supported projects in Fiji, Madagascar, Comoros and Seychelles aim to improve access to solar-powered healthcare facilities, schools, clean drinking water and agricultural cold storage.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Ministry of Railways Wins PM Surya Ghar Excellence Award for Highest Number of Solarised Buildings Among Central Ministries

• Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan presented the PM Surya Ghar Excellence Award to the Ministry of Railways for securing the top position among Central ministries and departments in installing rooftop solar systems on government buildings.
• The award was presented at the Renewable Energy Summit & Expo 2026, held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
• The Ministry of Railways received the award in the “Maximum Buildings Solarized by Central Ministries/Departments” category under the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana.

Key Highlights

• Of the 15,868 railway buildings identified as suitable for rooftop solar installations across India, 12,495 buildings have been equipped with rooftop solar systems, achieving 79% coverage.
• The Ministry has commissioned 351 megawatts (MW) of rooftop solar capacity against its target of 424 MW.
• Across 77 Central ministries and departments, rooftop solar systems have been installed in 25,984 out of 39,135 identified buildings, achieving an overall coverage of 66%. The Ministry of Railways has contributed a substantial share of these installations.
• The Ministry of Railways aims to install rooftop solar systems in all remaining feasible railway buildings by March 2027, as part of its efforts to promote clean energy and ensure sustainable railway operations.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

Ministry of Culture Partners with Google Arts & Culture to Digitise India’s Cultural Heritage

• The Ministry of Culture, Government of India, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Google Arts & Culture to digitise India's cultural heritage and make it accessible to audiences across India and around the world.
• The agreement was signed during a virtual ceremony in the presence of Vivek Aggarwal, Secretary, Ministry of Culture, and Amit Sood, Vice President and Founder of Google Arts & Culture.

Key Highlights

• The partnership will cover a wide range of cultural resources, including:
• Monuments and archaeological sites protected by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
• Collections of national museums.
• Manuscripts being documented under the Gyan Bharatam initiative.
• Crafts, performing arts and living traditions supported by institutions under the Ministry of Culture.
• A major focus of the collaboration will be the upcoming Yuge Yugeen Bharat Museum, being developed in the North and South Blocks in New Delhi to showcase India's history across different periods.
• The digitisation initiative will document the museum buildings and the artefacts that will be housed there. It will also provide the public with an early opportunity to explore the upcoming museum.
• The collaboration is part of the Ministry of Culture's broader efforts to expand digital access to India's cultural resources. It aims to enable people to explore the country's heritage in Indian languages and across different digital devices.
• The initiative also seeks to connect heritage preservation and public access with the growth of India's creative economy.
• Google Arts & Culture has previously collaborated with institutions under the Ministry of Culture, including the Archaeological Survey of India, National Museum and National Gallery of Modern Art, to make their collections accessible to wider audiences.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Naval Ship Sahyadri Reaches Japan to Participate in Multilateral Naval Exercise MALABAR 2026

• The Indian Navy's indigenous Guided Missile Stealth Frigate Indian Naval Ship (INS) Sahyadri, belonging to the Eastern Fleet, arrived at Yokosuka Naval Base, Japan, on 4 November 2026 to participate in the multilateral naval exercise MALABAR 2026.
• INS Sahyadri was accorded a warm welcome by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), highlighting the strong strategic partnership and growing maritime cooperation between India and Japan.
• The welcome ceremony was attended by Vice Admiral Yagi Koji, Commandant of Yokosuka District, and Madhu Sudan, Deputy Chief of the Indian Mission.
• MALABAR 2026 is a multilateral naval exercise involving the navies of India, Japan, the United States and Australia.
• The exercise aims to enhance operational coordination, interoperability and professional expertise among the participating maritime forces.
• The exercise comprises two phases: Harbour Phase and Sea Phase.
• The Harbour Phase includes professional interactions and coordinated operational planning among participating navies.
• The Sea Phase involves INS Sahyadri and participating naval units from Japan, the United States and Australia.
• The exercise aims to strengthen mutual trust, maritime cooperation and regional security while contributing to a free, open, secure and stable Indo-Pacific.
• INS Sahyadri's participation highlights the Indian Navy's commitment to strengthening maritime partnerships and cooperation with like-minded navies in the Indo-Pacific region.
• The exercise is aligned with India's MAHASAGAR vision, which stands for Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions.

India and Canada Hold First-Ever Defence Dialogue to Strengthen Bilateral Strategic and Military Cooperation

• The inaugural edition of the India–Canada Defence Dialogue was held virtually on 3 November 2026 to strengthen bilateral defence and strategic cooperation between the two countries.
• The Dialogue was co-chaired by Amit Telang, Joint Secretary (International Cooperation), Ministry of Defence, India, and Scott Millar, Assistant Deputy Minister (Policy), Department of National Defence, Canada.
• The meeting provided an opportunity for both countries to exchange views on their respective defence policies and strategic outlooks and explore opportunities to enhance bilateral defence cooperation.
• Defence industrial cooperation emerged as an important area of engagement between India and Canada.
• Military-technical cooperation and Defence Research and Development (R&D) were identified as priority areas for further collaboration.
• Both countries discussed specific deliverables and proposals to strengthen their defence partnership comprehensively.
• The Dialogue reaffirmed the leadership-level commitment to expand India–Canada defence and strategic relations, as reflected in the Joint Statement issued on 2 March 2026 by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney.
• Both sides exchanged perspectives on regional and global issues and agreed to remain in contact to advance discussions and proposals for strengthening bilateral defence cooperation.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : ENVIRONMENT

Researchers Discover New Catfish Species ‘Exostoma nasibarbatum’ in Manipur

• Researchers from Dhanamanjuri University, Imphal, Manipur, discovered a new species of freshwater catfish named ‘Exostoma nasibarbatum’ in the Bupal stream of Chandel district, Manipur, near the India–Myanmar border.
• The findings of the newly identified catfish species were published in the Journal of Natural History.
• The newly discovered species belongs to the Sisoridae family and the Exostoma genus.
• The scientific name ‘nasibarbatum’ is derived from the Latin words ‘nasus’ (nose) and ‘barba’ (beard), referring to its elongated nasal barbels.
• The species inhabits cold freshwater streams with temperatures ranging from 12°C to 14°C, where water flows rapidly over rocks and boulders.
• The catfish has a flattened head and body, which help it withstand fast-flowing mountain waters over rocky beds.
• Its distinctive physical features include enlarged fins with adhesive ridges and elongated whisker-like structures near its nostrils.
• The Exostoma genus comprises 23 recognised species across the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
• Out of these, seven species have been recorded in the Chindwin–Irrawaddy drainage system.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Develop Silicon-Based Terahertz Chip Enabling 100 Gbit/s Data Transmission for 6G Technology

• Researchers from the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) developed a silicon-based terahertz photonic chip capable of transmitting data at up to 100 Gbit/s with minimal signal loss for future 6G communication technologies.
• JNCASR is an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST).
• The research uses topological photonics and a silicon photonic crystal designed to mimic the honeycomb lattice structure of graphene.
• The photonic crystal uses triangular holes arranged in a specific pattern to guide terahertz waves through engineered barriers.
• A single engineered barrier caused only 1–2% signal loss, while two barriers caused approximately 2–3% signal loss.
• The devices were fabricated using high-resistivity silicon and tested across a frequency range of 310–360 GHz.
• The power splitter achieved 100 Gbit/s using QAM-32 (32-level Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)
• The double-barrier and omega-shaped devices achieved data transmission speeds of 48 Gbit/s and 60 Gbit/s, respectively.
• The research was led by Abhishek Kumar, Assistant Professor at JNCASR and Head of the Meta Optics Laboratory (MetoLab); Samina Mulla and Sangram Kumar Sadhu were the joint first authors.
• The findings were published in the scientific journal Advanced Materials.
• The technology could enable compact, low-loss terahertz circuits for future 6G wireless networks, with plans to develop electrically, thermally and mechanically tunable barriers for on-demand signal routing.

Indian Astronomers Discover UBC 63 as a Double Star Cluster System Following a Close Encounter

• UBC 63, a Galactic Open Star Cluster located approximately 4,892 light-years from Earth, was discovered to consist of two distinct clusters, UBC 63A and UBC 63B, instead of a single cluster.
• The discovery was made using data from the European Space Agency (ESA) Gaia Mission, which provides precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars across the Milky Way Galaxy.
• The research team included scientists from Gauhati University and the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), an autonomous institution under the Department of Science and Technology (DST).
• UBC 63A is approximately 21 million years old, whereas UBC 63B is approximately 562 million years old.
• The two clusters came closest to each other approximately 6 million years ago, reaching a minimum separation of 7 parsecs (23 light-years).
• At the time of formation of the younger cluster, the two clusters were approximately 60 parsecs (196 light-years) apart.
• Currently, the two clusters are approximately 26 parsecs (85 light-years) apart and are moving away from each other.
• The two clusters are not gravitationally bound to each other, indicating that they are separate stellar systems.
• Researchers used Machine Learning techniques, Colour-Magnitude Diagrams (CMD), stellar motion analysis and advanced dynamical simulations powered by High-Performance Computing (HPC) to confirm the discovery.
• The discovery provides insights into stellar interactions, gravitational encounters and the dynamical evolution of star clusters in the Milky Way.
• The research was published in the Astronomical Journal.
• Samrat Biswas, an INSPIRE Senior Research Fellow (SRF) at Gauhati University, was among the researchers involved in the study.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Jaypal Malviya Wins Silver at International Shooting Sport Federation World Championship 2026 and Secures India’s First Los Angeles 2028 Olympic Quota in Shooting

• Jaypal Malviya won the silver medal in the men's 10-metre air pistol event at the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Championship 2026, held in Doha, Qatar.
• His silver-medal victory secured India's first shooting quota place for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympic Games (LA28).
• Jaypal Malviya finished with 242.2 points in the final, behind Hu Kai of the People's Republic of China, who won gold with 243.9 points. Jindřich Dubový of Czechia secured bronze with 220.9 points.

Key Highlights

• Earlier, Jaypal qualified for the men's 10-metre air pistol final by finishing third in the qualification round with a score of 585-23x.
• India's other shooters in the event, Kamaljeet and Ravin Kumar, failed to qualify for the final after finishing 18th and 83rd, respectively, in the qualification round.
• The qualification system for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympic Games provides quota places to National Olympic Committees (NOCs). NOCs have the exclusive authority to select athletes to represent their respective countries at the Olympic Games. Therefore, securing a quota place does not automatically guarantee an individual athlete's participation at LA28.
• In the women's 10-metre air pistol team event, India's Manu Bhaker, Suruchi Singh and Sainyam Vij won the silver medal.
• The Indian trio secured a combined score of 1,738-61x points, finishing seven points behind China, which won gold with 1,745-65x points. The Republic of Korea claimed bronze with 1,729-49x points.
• Individual scores of the Indian shooters in the women's team event:
• Manu Bhaker – 583-21x points.
• Suruchi Singh – 580-24x points.
• Sainyam Vij – 575-16x points.
• In the women's 10-metre air pistol individual qualification round, Manu Bhaker finished third, while Suruchi Singh secured eighth position, earning places in the final.
• However, both Indian shooters missed out on individual medals and Olympic quota places in the women's 10-metre air pistol event. Manu Bhaker finished fifth in the final with 179.9 points, while Suruchi Singh finished sixth with 158.3 points.
• Jiang Ranxin of China won the women's individual gold medal with 242.4 points, followed by compatriot Yao Qianxun, who secured silver with 242.1 points. Veronika Major of Hungary won bronze with 222.1 points.
• With the two silver medals won on 5 November 2026, India's overall medal tally at the Doha World Championship increased to five medals – one gold and four silver.
• The ISSF World Championship 2026 in Doha is the first major shooting competition offering individual quota places for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympic Games.

India Wins Record Sixth Men’s Asian Champions Trophy Title After Defeating Japan 4-1 in Final

• India clinched a record sixth men's Asian Champions Trophy title after defeating Japan 4-1 in the final held in Mohali, Punjab.

Key Highlights

• The victory also completed a hat-trick of consecutive Asian Champions Trophy titles for India, extending its dominance in the continental hockey tournament.
• Japan took an early lead through Kazumasa Matsumoto, who scored in the 3rd minute. He collected the ball on the left, entered the striking circle and scored with a powerful reverse-hit shot past Indian goalkeeper Suraj Karkera.
• India struggled to break through Japan's disciplined defence in the first half. Despite enjoying possession and creating opportunities through Abhishek and Hardik Singh, the hosts could not find an equaliser.
• Vivek Sagar Prasad scored India's fourth goal in the 54th minute. Nilakanta Sharma won a loose ball and initiated the attack. After Shilanand Lakra's initial attempt was saved, Vivek collected the rebound and scored with a powerful half-volley to take the score to 4-1.
• Japan earned one final penalty corner with just 10 seconds remaining, but India's defence successfully blocked the drag-flick to secure the victory.
• India's goal scorers in the final:
• Shilanand Lakra – 42nd minute
• Dilpreet Singh – 48th minute
• Jugraj Singh – 53rd minute
• Vivek Sagar Prasad – 54th minute
• Kazumasa Matsumoto scored Japan's only goal in the 3rd minute.

Tanvi Patri Becomes First Indian to Reach Women’s Badminton Final at Youth Olympic Games

• Indian badminton player Tanvi Patri created history by becoming the first Indian to reach the women's badminton final at the Youth Olympic Games, being held in Dakar, Senegal.

Key Highlights

• She defeated Japan's Yuzuno Watanabe in a closely contested 54-minute semifinal, winning 21-14, 11-21, 21-19 to secure her place in the final.
• Earlier, Tanvi had become the first Indian woman to reach the badminton semifinals at the Youth Olympic Games after defeating Thailand's Kungkaew Kakanik.
• Tanvi became the fourth Indian badminton player to reach the semifinals at the Youth Olympic Games, joining H. S. Prannoy, Lakshya Sen and Aditya Joshi.
• In the final, Tanvi Patri will face China's Yi Xin Zhang for the women's badminton title.

About Senegal

• Capital: Dakar
• President: Bassirou Diomaye Faye
• Currency: West African CFA franc

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Former Australian Formula One Champion Alan Jones Passed away at the Age of 80

• Former Australian Formula One (F1) World Champion Alan Stanley Jones passed away at the age of 80 in Australia.
• Alan Jones won the 1980 F1 World Drivers’ Championship with Williams Racing, becoming the first driver to win a Drivers’ Championship title for Williams.
• He became the second Australian to win the F1 World Championship, after Sir Jack Brabham.
• Alan Jones was born on 2 November 1946 in Melbourne, Australia, and was the son of Australian racing driver Stan Jones, winner of the 1959 Australian Grand Prix.
• He made his Formula One debut with Hesketh at the 1975 Spanish Grand Prix.
• He secured his maiden F1 victory with Shadow at the 1977 Austrian Grand Prix and his final victory at the 1981 Las Vegas Grand Prix.
• He recorded 12 Grand Prix victories and 116 F1 race starts during his career.
• He joined Williams Racing in 1978 and secured five Grand Prix victories during the 1980 season, helping Williams win its first Drivers’ Championship and Constructors’ Championship.
• He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 1980 for his services to motor racing.
• He was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1985.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

World Tsunami Awareness Day 2026 – 5 November

• World Tsunami Awareness Day 2026 is observed on 5 November 2026 to promote awareness about tsunami risks, preparedness and measures to protect human lives.
• The theme for 2026 is “Be Tsunami Ready: Resilience Starts with You”.
• The observance of this day is associated with a historical incident that took place on 5 November 1854 in Hiromura, a village in the western part of Japan.
• On that day, the village was observing its traditional practice known as the “Burning of Rice Sheaves”.
• A local farmer noticed natural warning signs of an approaching tsunami, including a sudden fall in the tide level and a decrease in well-water levels.
• Anticipating the danger, the farmer set fire to rice sheaves to alert the villagers. The villagers recognised the warning, and the fire helped guide the entire community to higher ground on a hilltop.
• From the hilltop, they witnessed the tsunami destroy their village. The incident demonstrated how early warnings and community awareness could save lives during natural disasters.
• Japan proposed the observance of World Tsunami Awareness Day to promote tsunami preparedness and protect people from the devastating impact of tsunamis.

Daily CA One- Liner: November 7

• The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the continuation of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs), including exclusive Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Courts, for another five years, from 1 April 2026 to 31 March 2031
• The Union Cabinet approved an additional two-year engagement period for Agniveers who are not selected for regular service after completing their initial four-year tenure under the Agnipath Scheme
• The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the Viksit Bharat Initiative for Statistical Transformation, Analytics and Research (VISTAR), a Central Sector Scheme with a total outlay of ₹4,371.10 crore for the period 2026–27 to 2030–31
• The Union Cabinet, approved the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Support Scheme to Promote Critical Mineral Processing, with a total financial outlay of ₹2,814 crore
• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Amit Shah inaugurated the Martyrs’ Memorial of the First War of Independence of 1857 in Ambala, Haryana.
• Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan presented the PM Surya Ghar Excellence Award to the Ministry of Railways for securing the top position among Central ministries and departments in installing rooftop solar systems on government buildings
• The Ministry of Culture, Government of India, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Google Arts & Culture to digitise India's cultural heritage and make it accessible to audiences across India and around the world
• Jaypal Malviya won the silver medal in the men's 10-metre air pistol event at the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Championship 2026, held in Doha, Qatar
• India clinched a record sixth men's Asian Champions Trophy title after defeating Japan 4-1 in the final held in Mohali, Punjab
• Indian badminton player Tanvi Patri created history by becoming the first Indian to reach the women's badminton final at the Youth Olympic Games, being held in Dakar, Senegal
• World Tsunami Awareness Day 2026 is observed on 5 November 2026 to promote awareness about tsunami risks, preparedness and measures to protect human lives.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) relaxed Export Declaration Form (EDF) compliance norms for resident individuals exporting services abroad to reduce procedural difficulties under the new services export reporting framework.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) constituted a Technical Consultative Committee for Financial Markets (TCCFM) under the chairmanship of Deputy Governor Rohit Jain to strengthen engagement with market participants on financial market-related policy and operational issues.
• The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) launched NPCI Tech Solutions Limited (NTSL) as the new technology and innovation arm of the NPCI Group.
• The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) directed general insurers to implement a four-layer motor insurance policy structure for private cars and two-wheelers with effect from 15 December 2026.
• The Commonwealth of The Bahamas joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) as its 116th member during the 9th Session of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) Assembly held in New Delhi, India.
• India was elected President of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) for the third consecutive term (2026–2028) during the 9th Session of the ISA held in New Delhi.
• The Indian Navy's indigenous Guided Missile Stealth Frigate Indian Naval Ship (INS) Sahyadri, belonging to the Eastern Fleet, arrived at Yokosuka Naval Base, Japan, on 4 November 2026 to participate in the multilateral naval exercise MALABAR 2026.
• The inaugural edition of the India–Canada Defence Dialogue was held virtually on 3 November 2026 to strengthen bilateral defence and strategic cooperation between the two countries.
• Researchers from Dhanamanjuri University, Imphal, Manipur, discovered a new species of freshwater catfish named ‘Exostoma nasibarbatum’ in the Bupal stream of Chandel district, Manipur, near the India–Myanmar border.
• Researchers from the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) developed a silicon-based terahertz photonic chip capable of transmitting data at up to 100 Gbit/s with minimal signal loss for future 6G communication technologies.
• UBC 63, a Galactic Open Star Cluster located approximately 4,892 light-years from Earth, was discovered to consist of two distinct clusters, UBC 63A and UBC 63B, instead of a single cluster.

Former Australian Formula One (F1) World Champion Alan Stanley Jones passed away at the age of 80 in Australia.