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Daily Current Affairs PDF of 03rd October 2023

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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Introduces New Prudential Regulations for All India Financial Institutions                                 

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced new prudential regulations through the "Reserve Bank of India (Prudential Regulations on Basel III Capital Framework, Exposure Norms, Significant Investments, Classification, Valuation, and Operation of Investment Portfolio Norms and Resource Raising Norms for All India Financial Institutions) Directions, 2023."

Key Highlights :

• These regulations are designed to govern the operations of 5 prominent All India Financial Institutions (AIFIs).
• The AIFIs covered by these regulations include

1. Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM) Bank
2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
3. National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NABFID)
4. National Housing Bank (NHB)
5. Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)

• The RBI engaged in a period of consultation with the public before finalizing these directions.
• The draft Directions were made available for public comments on October 22, 2021.

Objectives :

• Promote Financial Stability: The primary aim of these regulations is to promote financial stability within India's financial sector.
• Protect Depositors and Investors: They are intended to safeguard the interests of depositors and investors.
• Ensure Sector Health: The regulations aim to maintain the overall health of the financial sector in India.
• These regulatory measures are part of RBI's ongoing efforts to enhance the resilience and efficiency of India's financial institutions.
• They contribute to fostering a secure and reliable financial environment in the country.

About RBI :

• Established : 1 April 1935
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Governor : Shaktikanta Das
• Deputy governors : Mahesh Kumar Jain,M. Rajeshwar Rao, Michael Patra and T. Rabi Shankar

HDFC Bank Introduces Three New Digital Payment Products on UPI                                              

• HDFC Bank has introduced 3 new digital payment products on the Unified Payment Interface (UPI).
• These products are UPI 123Pay: Payment via IVR (Interactive Voice Response), UPI Plug-In Service for Merchant Transactions, AutoPay on QR codes.
• UPI 123Pay enables users to make payments using a phone call, without requiring internet connectivity or a smartphone.
• UPI Plug-In Service enables customers to switch between merchant and payment apps when paying on UPI.
• AutoPay on QR enables recurring payments through UPI QR and aims to transform various use cases, including Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms, audio subscriptions, newsletters, and other digital subscription services.

About HDFC Bank : 

• Founded : 1994
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• MD & CEO : Sashidhar Jagdishan. 
• Tagline : We Understand Your World

NABARD Releases India's First AAA Rated INR Social Bonds Worth Rs 1,040 Crores                                               

• The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has issued India's first-ever 'AAA' rated Indian Rupee denominated Social Bonds.
• The total value of these bonds is ₹1,040.50 crore, with a coupon rate of 7.63%.

About Social Bonds :

• Social Bonds, also known as Social Impact Bonds (SIBs), are a type of bond issued to raise funds for projects with significant social benefits.
• These bonds are specifically designed to finance initiatives addressing various social issues, including healthcare, education, affordable housing, poverty alleviation, and environmental sustainability.
• The Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) in Maharashtra's Pune, in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), co-created India's first Social Impact Bond (SIB) in 2020.

Key Features of Social Bonds issued by NABARD :

• Base Issue Size: The base issue size for these social bonds was ₹1,000 crore, with an option to retain oversubscription up to ₹2,000 crore, making the total issue size potentially up to ₹3,000 crore.
• Maturity Period: These bonds have a maturity period of 5 years.
• Bond Characteristics: The social bonds issued by NABARD are redeemable, taxable, non-convertible, non-priority sector, unsecured, and are issued as social securities with a face value of ₹1 lakh each.
• Listing Date: These bonds are scheduled to be listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) on September 29, 2023.

About NABARD :

• Founded : July 1982
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Shaji K V
• The NABARD is an apex regulatory body for overall regulation of regional rural banks and apex cooperative banks in India.
• It is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
• It was established on the recommendations of Sivaraman Committee (by Act 61, 1981 of Parliament).

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL NEWS

India to become world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in next 3-4 years

• Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari stated that India has set a target to become world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in the next 3 to 4 years.
• He stated that in the last nine years, the size of the Automobile Industry has increased from 4.5 lakh crore rupees to 12.5 lakh crore rupees.
• Mr Gadkari also stated that this industry has given jobs to 4.5 crore youth of the country.

Special Swachhata Campaign 3.0 begins

• The Union government launched Swachhata Campaign 3.0 from October 2-31 will not incur any expense.
• On the other hand, it will gain an estimated Rs 400 crore.
• Encouraged by the results and revenue earned from the previous two rounds of the campaign, the government has designed the third round of Swachhata Campaign to clear offices and other places in very methodical ways to create ‘wealth from waste’.
• As part of this pan-India campaign, the pendency of files will be identified, all records rooms will be cleared and files will be handed out to individual sections to identify them in different categories — A, B and C — for cleaning or preserving them in digitised format.
• About 1.50 lakh cleanliness sites are set to be covered.

About Swachhata campaign:

• The Swachhata campaign was first launched by PM Modi on August 15 in 2014.
• Citing data, the minister stated that over 90 percent of file works in the Central government offices have been made online under the e-office portal and created massive spaces, giving an energising working ambience.
• During this campaign, ministries and departments will identify the pendency in selected categories and finalise the campaign sites.
• The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) has been made a nodal department for implementation of special campaign 3.0.
• According to available data, since the conduct of the Swachhata campaign 2.0 in October 2022, the drive has been held at 1.37 lakh sites so far and a huge revenue running into Rs 520 crore generated  from scrap.
• The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances has been appointed a nodal department for implementation of the Special Swachhata campaign 3.0.

Over 50,000 people take pledge to donate their organs, under AyushmanBhav campaign

• The ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign, inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu, is set to roll out on the occasion of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's birthday.
• The national healthcare initiative aims to ensure extensive coverage of healthcare programmes, reaching every village and town in the country.
• Over 50 thousand people have taken the pledge to donate their organs, under the AyushmanBhav campaign.
• President Droupadi Murmu launched the campaign from Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• In a social media post, Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Mansukh Mandaviya urged people to take oaths for organ donation. 
• A person after his death can give new life to eight people by donating vital organs like  Kidneys, Liver, Lungs, Heart, and cornea.
• In the last ten years, the number of people donating organs has increased more than three times.
• In 2013, around five thousand people came forward to donate their organs in the country.
• Now the number has increased to over 15 thousand organ donors annually.
• The central government is making arrangements for organ retrieval in all the hospitals and medical colleges across the country by the end of next year. 

What is the ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign?

• According to the health ministry, the ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign represents a “comprehensive nationwide healthcare effort”.
• A government release stated that it is in harmony with the motto of “inclusive progress, ensuring that no one is left behind”.
• The campaign aims to provide saturation coverage of healthcare services, reaching every village and town in the country.
• Describing it as a “groundbreaking initiative”, the ministry stated that the campaign builds upon the success of the Ayushman Bharat programme and signifies a “paradigm shift in healthcare services”.
• The approach combines three key components: Ayushman - Apke Dwar 3.0, Ayushman Melas held at HWCs and CHCs, and Ayushman Sabhas conducted in every village and panchayat.
• The ministry stated that Ayushman Bhav seeks to distribute Ayushman cards, generate ABHA IDs, and raise awareness about critical health schemes and conditions, including non-communicable diseases, tuberculosis, and sickle cell disease.
• Its primary goal is to ensure that healthcare services reach every corner of the country, transcending geographical barriers.
• The campaign will be implemented during the ‘Seva Pakhwada’ from September 17 to October 2.
• It is characterised by a “whole-of-nation and whole-of-society approach” bringing together government sectors, civil society organisations, and communities in a collective effort to guarantee that essential health services are accessible to all, without discrimination or exclusion, the ministry said.

Prime Minister to visit Madhya Pradesh to launch multiple development initiatives worth around 19,260 crores rupees

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and laid the foundation stone and dedicated to the nation multiple development initiatives worth around 19,260 crores rupees.
• He also dedicated to the nation the Delhi-Vadodara Expressway, which has been developed at a cost of about 11 thousand 895 crore rupees.
• The Prime Minister will dedicate to the nation over two lakh houses built under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna-Gramin and more than 13 hundred houses constructed under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna-Urban at a cost of around 140 crore rupees. 

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launches development projects worth 7,000 crore rupees at Chittorgarh in Rajasthan

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation and laid the foundation stone for various development projects worth about Rs 7,000 crore in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan.
• The Prime Minister dedicated the Mehsana - Bhatinda - Gurdaspur Gas Pipeline which has been built at a cost of about 4500 crores.
• The railway projects were dedicated to the nation by the Prime Minister including the projects involving doubling of Chittorgarh - Neemuch Railway line and Kota - Chittorgarh Electrified Railway line.
• The Prime Minister dedicated tourism facilities developed at Nathdwara under Swadesh Darshan Scheme. 
• Addressing the program, the Prime Minister stated that the development of backward areas has been the priority of his government.
• He stated that the government has selected aspirational districts of the country where development works are being done.
• He stated that many districts of Rajasthan are also being developed under this scheme.
• The Prime Minister stated that with the aim of giving priority to the underprivileged, the government has also started the Vibrant Village Programme, under which border villages are being developed.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

Indian Coast Guard Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' Conducts Pollution Response Table-Top Exercise in Thailand's Khlong Toei Port

• The Indian Coast Guard Pollution-Control Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' conducted a Pollution Response Table-Top exercise with Thai officials at Khlong Toei Port in Bangkok, Thailand.
• The Indian Coast Guard Ship Samudra Prahari, a specialised Pollution Control Vessel, has embarked on an overseas deployment to Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.
• During this deployment, the ship is scheduled to make port calls in Bangkok(Thailand), Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam), and Jakarta(Indonesia).

About 'Samudra Prahari' :

• 'Samudra Prahari' is a specialized Pollution Control Vessel of the Indian Coast Guard (ICG).
• It is the first pollution control vessel of its kind in Southeast Asia.
• The vessel is equipped for unhindered oil recovery operations and has a storage capacity of 500 KL (kiloliters).

About ASEAN :

• Headquarters : Jakarta, Indonesia
• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional grouping which was established in 1967 with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration.
• Founding members: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
• Presently, ASEAN comprises 10 member states, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia and Vietnam.

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th UN General Assembly  

• External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).
• In his opening remarks, Jaishankar extended greetings with "Namaste from Bharat!" and expressed India's strong support for the UNGA's theme of "rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity."

Key Highlights :

• S Jaishankar led the Indian delegation during the UNGA assembly.
• Dennis Francis from Trinidad and Tobago was elected as the President of the 78th session of the UNGA.
• This election followed the established regional rotation, with the President coming from the Latin American and Caribbean States.
• The theme for the 78th UNGA session was "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its SDGs towards peace, prosperity, progress, and sustainability for all."

About UNGA :

• Established : 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations
• Headquarters : New York City
• UNGA is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and serves as the main policy-making organ of the organization.
• It provides a unique forum for multilateral discussions on a wide range of international issues covered by the Charter of the United Nations.
• Each Member State of the United Nations has an equal vote in the UNGA.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : STATE NEWS

Project Cheetah in India completes one year

• India's Project Cheetah marked its one-year anniversary after releasing the first batch of 8 Namibian cheetahs into Madhya Pradesh's Kuno National Park (KNP).

About Project Cheetah :

• Project Cheetah is a long-term initiative in India aimed at bringing 12-14 cheetahs annually from South Africa, Namibia, and other African countries for the next 5 years.
• This project achieved the first-ever intercontinental, wild-to-wild, cheetah translocation by air, relocating cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa to India.
• It aimed to rectify past ecological imbalances.
• India housed the world's fastest land animal (up to 64 miles per hour in three seconds) again after the feline was declared extinct (in India) in 1952.
• The project introduced 5 female and 3 male cheetahs into Kuno-Palpur National Park, under the supervision of an expert team consisting of government officials, scientists, wildlife biologists, and veterinarians from Namibia, South Africa, and India.
• The successful implementation of Project Cheetah was documented in an annual report, which was released at the Sesaipura Forest Complex in Kuno.
• Project Cheetah achieved 4 out of 6 short-term success criteria, including a 50% survival rate of introduced cheetahs, establishment of home ranges, the birth of cubs in Kuno, and providing Revenue to the local communities directly (engagement of cheetah trackers) and indirectly (appreciation of land value in surrounding areas).
• Despite the inherent risks of intercontinental cheetah translocations, all 8 cheetahs from Namibia and 12 cheetahs from South Africa were successfully translocated without any mortalities.
• A female cheetah gave birth to cubs on Indian soil after 75 years, with one cub surviving.
• Preparations for cheetah introductions are underway at alternative sites in Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh) with quarantine and acclimatization enclosures, as well as at Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh).
• Several conservation initiatives are planned, including the establishment of a Conservation Breeding of Cheetah Centre, Cheetah Research Centre, Interpretation Centre, Cheetah Management Training Centre, and Cheetah Safari.

About MP :

• Governor : Mangubhai C. Patel
• Chief Minister : Shivraj Singh Chouhan
• Capital : Bhopal
• National Park : Satpura National Park, Kanha National Park, Bandhavgarh National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuary : Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary

Bihar's Kaimur District to Set Up Second Tiger Reserve                                          

• The Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary will become Bihar's second tiger reserve after the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) & will open by the end of 2023 or early 2024.
• As of now, Bihar is home to a total of 54 tigers.
• The proposed tiger reserve will encompass Shergarh Fort, a prominent tourist attraction, as well as 58 villages in its buffer zone.
• The State Forest Department is actively working to secure approval from the National Tiger Reserve Conservation Authority (NTCA) to officially declare Kaimur as a tiger reserve.
• The Kaimur district is characterized by two distinct regions: the hilly area, known as the Kaimur plateau, and the plain area on the western side.
• Kaimur district has a large forest cover and is home to tigers, leopards and chinkaras.
• The forest area in Kaimur spans over 1,134 square kilometers, including 986 square kilometers within the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary.
• Kaimur district has the highest forest cover in Bihar and it shares borders with Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP).

About Bihar :

• Governor : Rajendra Arlekar
• Chief Minister : Nitish Kumar
• Capital : Patna
• National Park : Valmiki National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuary : Valmiki Vanya Prani Sanctuary, Bhimbandh Sanctuary, Pant Vanya Prani Sanctuary, Kanwar Jheel Bird Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Tamilnad Mercantile Bank's MD & CEO Resigns Citing "Personal Reasons"                            

• The Tuticorin-based Tamilnad Mercantile Bank (TMB)'s managing director (MD) and chief executive officer (CEO), Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam, has resigned from the post, citing personal reasons.
• He was appointed to this position on September 4, 2022.
• His resignation comes shortly after TMB made headlines for mistakenly crediting ₹9,000 crore to a taxi driver's account.

About Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam :

• Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam previously served as the MD and CEO of Punjab and Sind Bank from September 4, 2020, to May 31, 2022.
• Prior to his role at Punjab and Sind Bank, he was the executive director of Canara Bank from April 1, 2020, to September 3, 2020.
• Before Canara Bank, he served as the executive director of Syndicate Bank between November 1, 2017, and March 31, 2020.

About TMB :

• Headquarters : Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu.
• Tagline : Be a step ahead of Life

CURRENT AFFAIRS: BUSINESS

India Inc raises Rs 26,000 crore through IPOs in first half

• After a slow start to the financial year, initial public offerings (IPOs) got a boost in the month of September when Rs 12,000 crore were raised through this route.
• The first half of the financial year saw over Rs 26,000 crore being raised.
• Almost 50% of them took place in September alone, according to data from the PRIME database.
• This was substantially less than the first half of FY23 when Rs 36,000 was raised.
• However, there were two marquee offerings of Life Insurance Corporation of India (Rs 21,008 crore) and Delhivery (Rs 5,235 crore) during the period.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS & HONOURS

West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh teachers nominated for Global Teacher Prize 2023

• In a remarkable achievement, two Indian educators, Deep Narayan Nayak, a primary school teacher from West Bengal, and Hari Krishna Patacharu, an English teacher from Andhra Pradesh, have made it to the top 50 shortlist for the 2023 Global Teacher Prize.
• The announcement was made recently, showcasing their exceptional contributions to the field of education.
• The prestigious award celebrates educators from around the world, with the winner being chosen from the top 10 finalists.

GLOBAL RECOGNITION FOR EXCELLENCE: 

• The Global Teacher Prize, a USD 1-million annual award, is organised by the Varkey Foundation in partnership with UNESCO and in collaboration with the UAE-based philanthropic organisation Dubai Cares.
• This esteemed recognition aims to acknowledge educators who have displayed extraordinary dedication and innovation in their teaching practices.

ABOUT DEEP NARAYAN NAYAK:

●       Deep Narayan Nayak, a teacher at the Tilka Manjhi Adivasi Free Primary School in Jamuria, Asansol, West Bengal, stood out for his innovative teaching methods that have had a transformative impact on underprivileged children facing significant educational and social challenges.

ABOUT HARI KRISHNA PATACHARU:

• Hari Krishna Patacharu, an English teacher at ZPHS Ilavaram in Bhattiprolu Mandal, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, earned his place on the shortlist for his remarkable work in overcoming language barriers and enriching his students' lives.

Nobel Prize 2023 in Medicine awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their role in the fight against COVID

• The Nobel Prize 2023 in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.
• The top honour was given by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute on October 2 as the prestigious ceremony kicks in.
• The Nobel Prize awards, first handed out in 1901, were created by Swedish inventor and philanthropist Alfred Nobel in his 1895 will to celebrate those who have "conferred the greatest benefit on mankind."

Award in Physiology or Medicine:

• The award in Physiology or Medicine is given for a significant discovery in either biology or medicine.
• The Nobel Prize is given for discoveries that have profoundly benefited humanity and altered the course of science; lifetime achievements or positions of scientific leadership are not eligible.
• Between 1901 and 2022, 225 Nobel Laureates received 113 awards of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
• Previously, Svante Pääbo was awarded the prize for Physiology in 2022 "for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution".
• In terms of reward, The Nobel Foundation, the organisation in charge of award administration, increased the prize money this year by 10 percent to 11 million kronor ($1 million).
• When the recipients receive their Nobel Prizes at the award ceremonies in December 2023, they also get a diploma and an 18-carat gold medal.

History of Alfred Nobel:

• Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist and businessman in the 19th century, founded the Nobel Prizes.
• His claim to fame prior to receiving the Nobel Prizes was creating dynamite by combining nitroglycerine with a substance that made the explosion more stable.
• He possessed more than 300 patents.

Mathematician Ruixiang Zhang to receive 2023 Sastra Ramanujan Prize         

• The 2023SASTRA Ramanujan Prize was awarded to Ruixiang Zhang, an Assistant Professor at the University of California in recognition of his work in areas such as analytic number theory, combinatorics, Euclidean harmonic analysis, and geometry.

Significant work:

• He contributed to solving two long-standing problems in restriction theory:
  • Carleson’s problem on pointwise convergence of solutions to the Schr¨odinger equation
  • the two-dimensional case of Sogge’s local smoothing conjecture for wave equations.
• He proved a multivariable generalization of the main conjecture in Vinogradov’s Mean Value Theorem in collaboration with Shaoming Guo.
• He is also the recipient of a Sloan Fellowship (2022-24)and an NSF CAREER award (2022-27).

About Sastra Ramanujan Prize:

• The award was instituted by the Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) in 2005 in honor of Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan.
• Cash prize: It consists of an annual cash prize of $10,000.
• Age limit:The age limit for the prize has been set at 32 in honor of Ramanujan’s brief life of 32 years.
• The 2023 edition of the award will be awarded at the international conference in Number Theory at SASTRA University in Kumbakonam, the hometown of Srinivasa Ramanujan.
• Award committee: The 2023 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize Committee comprised Krishnaswami Alladi as Chair (University of Florida), Don Blasius (University of California, Los Angeles), Sergei Konyagin (Lomonosov Moscow State University), Jonathan Pila (Oxford University), Bjorn Poonen (MIT), Zeev Rudnick (Tel Aviv University), and Wadim Zudilin (Radboud University, The Netherlands).

About Srinivasa Ramanujan:

• Srinivasa Ramanujan or Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar was born on December 22, 1887, in Erode, India, and is considered to be one of India’s greatest mathematicians.
  • December 22nd is celebrated as National Mathematics Dayin India in his honor.
  • Tamil Nadu celebrates 22 December as ‘State IT Day’.
  • Stamps picturing Ramanujan were issued by the government of India in 1962, 2011, 2012, and 2016.
  • TheRamanujan Math Park located in Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, was inaugurated in 2017.
  • In 2021, a team of Israeli scientists developed a software tool called The Ramanujan Machinewhich creates mathematical conjectures that mathematicians attempt to prove.
• He was invited to Cambridge in 1914 by the celebrated mathematician H Hardy and graduated from Cambridge with a Bachelor of Arts in Research in 1916.
• In 1918 he was elected to the Royal Society of Londonand returned to India in 1919.
• He passed away on April 26th,1920 at the age of 32.

Contributions:

• Game Theory: He contributed significantly to the development of the field of game theorythrough his intuitive discovery of unique solutions to challenging mathematical problems.
• Formulas and Equations: He compiled around 3,900 results of equations and identities including the infinite series for Pi.
  • He also developed unconventional formulas to calculate the digits of Pi.
• Hardy-Ramanujan partnership:Ramanujan and Hardy are credited with the identification of the Hardy-Ramunjan number (1729) which is the smallest number that can be expressed as a sum of two different cubes in two different ways.
  • They devised the circle method to derive an asymptotic formula for this function.
  • They also developed a formula for the number p(n) of partitions of a number 'n'.
• Ramanujan’s Book: One of Ramanujan’s notebooks which was discovered at the Trinity College library was later published as a book.
  • He published around 30 research papers over a three-year period.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Air Force inducts first of six new Dornier Do-228 aircraft manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited       

• The Indian Air Force (IAF) inducted the first of six new Dornier Do-228 aircraft manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
• HAL equipped this new version of the Dornier Do-228 with significant upgrades, including new engines, composite propellers, advanced avionics, and a glass cockpit.
• In March,2023 the Defense Ministry of India finalized a deal for the purchase of six Dornier-228 aircraft from HAL for the Indian Air Force, with a budget allocation of Rs 667 crore.
• These aircraft were originally used by the Indian Air Force for route transport and communications operations and have also played a crucial role in the training of transport pilots.
• Union Defense Minister Rajnath Singh earlier inducted the Indian Air Force's first C-295 MW transport aircraft.
• This event took place during the inauguration of the "Bharat Drone Shakti-2023" exhibition at Hindon Airbase in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh (UP).
• The IAF collaborated with the Drone Federation of India to jointly host the "Bharat Drone Shakti 2023" event.
• The purpose of this event was to recognize and showcase the potential of domestic drone design and development in India.
• The "Bharat Drone Shakti-2023" event was held on September 25 and 26.
• The use of drones is increasing in India for both military and non-military purposes.

About Ministry of Defence :

• Defence Minister : Rajnath Singh
• Minister of State : Ministry of Defence
• Defence Secretary : Giridhar Aramane

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Fintech firm CRED launches vehicle management platform 'CRED Garage'                          

• Fintech firm CRED launched CRED Garage, a vehicle management platform, which will offer its members concierge service, timely reminders, document management, and insights on spending.
• The feature will be available within the CRED app.
• CRED Garage integrates with DigiLocker, allowing users to access essential documents such as driver's licenses, registration certificates, and insurance papers digitally.
• The app will provide data on maintenance records, performance insights, fuel spends for the vehicles added to the platform.
• The platform offers a concierge to its members to help them with queries about maintenance, servicing, and claims.

Recent News :

• In August 2023 the Cred introduced RuPay credit card-based Unified Payments Interface (UPI) payments for its members, in collaboration with the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).

About CRED :

• Founded : 2018
• Headquarters : Bangalore, Karnataka
• Founder : Kunal Shah
• CRED is an Indian fintech company & it is a reward-based credit card payments app.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS

Asian Games: Tajinderpal Singh Toor overcomes Saudi challenge to retain shot put gold

• Indian shot-putter Tajinderpal Singh Toor defended his Asian Games title with an amazing final throw to beat back the challenge from his Saudi Arabian rival in Hangzhou.
• Tajinderpal Singh Toor, the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games gold medallist, came up with a mighty throw of 20.36 metres on his sixth and last attempt to overhaul his Saudi rival Mohamed Daouda Tolo's distance of 20.18 metres. He, however, could not break his own Asian Games record of 20.75m set in 2018 Jakarta. 
• The 28-year-old's final throw was way too good for his Saudi rival to overhaul in his final attempt.
• Meanwhile, in the 1500m for women, India's Harmilan Bains won a silver while Ajay Kumar Saroj and Jinson Johnson won silver and bronze respectively in the men's 1500m.
• Earlier, the toast of the nation in the last edition, Indian heptathlete Swapna Barman's one "last shot" at glory at the Asian Games turned into a nightmare as she struggled with injuries to virtually go out of medal reckoning after the javelin throw event.
• The defending champion, who boasts of a personal best of 52.55m in javelin throw, managed a throw of just 45.13 in the penultimate event of the gruelling two-day competition.

Avinash Sable becomes first Indian man to win Asian Games 3000m steeplechase gold

• A record-breaking Avinash Sable became the first Indian man to win a gold medal in the 3000m steeplechase at the Asian Games here.
• The 29-year-old national record holder thus earned India their first gold medal in athletics at the ongoing Games, completing the race in 8:19.50 seconds.
• Sable rewrote the previous Asian Games record of 8:22.79, which was set by Iran's Hossein Keyhani at the 2018 Jakarta Games.
• Sudha Singh had won gold in women's 3000m steeplechase in the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Asian Paints non-executive director Ashwin Dani passed away                    

• Asian Paints Limited, Non-Executive Director Ashwin Suryakant Dani, passed away at the age of 79.

About Ashwin Dani :

• Dani was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
• His father Suryakant was one of the co-founders of Asian Paints.
• He had been associated with Asian Paints since 1968 and played a pivotal role in the company's journey towards technological excellence.
• He joined the company's Board in 1970 and held the position of Vice Chairman and Managing Director from 1998 to 2009.
• Post-2009, Dani continued to serve on the Board as a Non-Executive Director and Vice Chairman of the Board and the Company.
• From 2018 to 2021, he held the prestigious position of Chairman of the Board and the Company.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

Gandhi Jayanti 2023: October 2, 2023

• Gandhi Jayanti, which falls on October 2 every year, is commemorated to honour the birth anniversary of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, a prominent figure in the Indian struggle for independence, who made significant sacrifices for his homeland.
• Commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, he was a political philosopher, a dedicated nationalist, and a lawyer whose principles and efforts played a pivotal role in India's journey toward freedom.
• Gandhi opted for the path of non-violence as the means to achieve India's liberation from British colonial rule.
• His philosophies have served as a source of inspiration for nonviolent movements and civil rights campaigns worldwide.
• Additionally, Gandhi strongly advocated religious tolerance and made substantial efforts to establish India as a secular nation.
• Gandhi Jayanti is observed throughout the nation as a way to pay homage to this remarkable leader, and it is recognised as a national holiday in India.

WHEN IS IT CELEBRATED?

• Born on the 2nd of October in 1869 in Porbandar, Mahatma Gandhi's 154th birth anniversary will be celebrated in the country this year.

WHY IS IT CELEBRATED?

• Gandhi Jayanti is commemorated as a way to show reverence and pay homage to the Father of the Nation.
• Mahatma Gandhi, through his exemplary values and principles like ahimsa (non-violence) and swaraj (independence), demonstrated to the world the potential of groundbreaking ethical concepts.
• His words and deeds served as an inspiration for numerous individuals who rallied behind him during events such as the Dandi Salt March in 1930 and the Quit India Movement in 1942.
• In honour of this leader, Gandhi Jayanti is marked by the observance of prayer services and cultural festivities in educational institutions such as schools and colleges, as well as within government organisations.
• Distinguished figures from various parts of the country pay their respects at Raj Ghat in New Delhi, where the memorial of Mahatma Gandhi is located.
• Additionally, on his birth anniversary, Gandhi's beloved song, 'Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram,' is often sung as a tribute to him.

Lal Bahadur Shastri Jayanti: October 2, 2023       

• On October 2, the nation commemorates Gandhi Jayanti, celebrating the birthday of the Father of the Nation.
• Interestingly, this day also marks the birthday of another important figure in India's history - the country's second Prime Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri.

Here are some intriguing facts about his life and legacy:

• In 1961, Lal Bahadur Shastri faced an unexpected housing challenge when he couldn't afford to purchase the rented house in Mutthiganj, resulting in his homelessness.
• The concept of the White Revolution, a nationwide campaign to boost milk production and supply, by supporting the Amul milk co-operative in Anand, Gujarat, and establishing the National Dairy Development Board in 1965.
• As Home Minister, Shastri initiated the formation of the first committee to address issues related to corruption.
• Lal Bahadur Shastri earned the title 'Shastri' from Kashi Vidyapeeth University after graduating from there in 1925, recognizing his scholarly achievements.

Daily CA on Oct 03 :

• Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari stated that India has set a target to become the world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in the next 3 to 4 years.
• The Union government launched Swachhata Campaign 3.0 from October 2-31, 2023.
• Over 50 thousand people have taken the pledge to donate their organs, under the AyushmanBhav campaign.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and laid the foundation stone and dedicated to the nation multiple development initiatives worth around 19,260 crores rupees.

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation and laid the foundation stone for various development projects worth about Rs 7,000 crore in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan.
• After a slow start to the financial year, initial public offerings (IPOs) got a boost in the month of September when Rs 12,000 crore were raised through this route.
• In a remarkable achievement, two Indian educators, Deep Narayan Nayak, a primary school teacher from West Bengal, and Hari Krishna Patacharu, an English teacher from Andhra Pradesh, have made it to the top 50 shortlist for the 2023 Global Teacher Prize.
• The Nobel Prize 2023 in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.
• The 2023SASTRA Ramanujan Prize was awarded to Ruixiang Zhang, an Assistant Professor at the University of California in recognition of his work in areas such as analytic number theory, combinatorics, Euclidean harmonic analysis, and geometry.
• Indian shot-putter Tajinderpal Singh Toor defended his Asian Games title with gold in Hangzhou.
• A record-breaking Avinash Sable became the first Indian man to win a gold medal in the 3000m steeplechase at the Asian Games here.
• Gandhi Jayanti, which falls on October 2 every year, is commemorated to honour the birth anniversary of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, a prominent figure in the Indian struggle for independence, who made significant sacrifices for his homeland.
• October 2, marks the birthday of another important figure in India's history - the country's second Prime Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced new prudential regulations through the "Reserve Bank of India (Prudential Regulations on Basel III Capital Framework, Exposure Norms, Significant Investments, Classification, Valuation, and Operation of Investment Portfolio Norms and Resource Raising Norms for All India Financial Institutions) Directions, 2023."
• HDFC Bank has introduced 3 new digital payment products on the Unified Payment Interface (UPI).
• The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has issued India's first-ever 'AAA' rated Indian Rupee denominated Social Bonds.
• The Indian Coast Guard Pollution-Control Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' conducted a Pollution Response Table-Top exercise with Thai officials at Khlong Toei Port in Bangkok, Thailand.
• External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).
• India's Project Cheetah marked its one-year anniversary after releasing the first batch of 8 Namibian cheetahs into Madhya Pradesh's Kuno National Park (KNP).
• The Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary will become Bihar's second tiger reserve after the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) & will open by the end of 2023 or early 2024.
• The Tuticorin-based Tamilnad Mercantile Bank (TMB)'s managing director (MD) and chief executive officer (CEO), Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam, has resigned from the post, citing personal reasons.
• The Indian Air Force (IAF) inducted the first of six new Dornier Do-228 aircraft manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
• Fintech firm CRED launched CRED Garage, a vehicle management platform, which will offer its members concierge service, timely reminders, document management, and insights on spending.
• Asian Paints Limited, Non-Executive Director Ashwin Suryakant Dani, passed away at the age of 79.