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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Reserve Bank of India Governor Launches Five-Year National Strategy for Financial Inclusion

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) formally released the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) 2025–30 at the 32nd meeting of the sub-committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC-SC), aiming to strengthen and deepen the financial ecosystem over the next five years.
• The strategy was released by RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra and adopts an ecosystem-based approach to expand access, improve service quality, and promote effective usage of financial products among underserved communities.

Key Highlights :

• NSFI 2025–30 emphasizes coordinated efforts across institutions and stakeholders, seeking to enhance last-mile access and ensure financial services reach remote households and micro enterprises.
• The new strategy prioritizes the shift from mere access to effective usage of financial services, ensuring resilience, security, and well-being through meaningful participation in the financial system.
• The strategy is anchored in five objectives called “Panch-Jyoti”: Expanding equitable and affordable services, promoting women-led financial inclusion, linking finance with livelihoods, leveraging financial education, and strengthening customer protection.
• 47 targeted action points support the Panch-Jyoti objectives, implemented across regulators (RBI, SEBI, IRDAI, PFRDA) and institutions (NABARD, NSDC, NCFE).
• The plan stresses stronger linkages between financial access, livelihood development, and skill enhancement, integrating financial services with broader development initiatives to support income generation and household security.
• The new plan will prioritize stronger customer protection and more reliable grievance redressal mechanisms, building on the success of the previous five-year strategy.
• NSFI 2025–30 aligns with the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, embracing the principle of universality — leave no one behind — and envisioning a synergistic ecosystem linking financial services with livelihood initiatives, skill development, and digital infrastructure.

India, Asian Development Bank Ink Over USD 800 Million in Loan Agreements for Projects in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Gujarat

• The Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed three loan agreements worth over USD 800 million for major projects in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.
• A USD 500 million loan was signed for the Maharashtra Power Distribution Enhancement Programme for Agricultural Solarization to modernise rural power infrastructure and supply daytime solar electricity to farmers.

Key Highlights :

• The Maharashtra programme aims to provide daytime electricity to at least 9 lakh agricultural consumers by 2028 and includes renewable integration, substation upgrades, HT/LT line construction, and 500 MWh battery storage
• A Japanese Yen-denominated loan (¥27,147,200,000 ≈ USD 190.6 million) was signed for the Indore Metro Rail Project, supporting 8.62 km underground metro line with 7 stations, improving connectivity to Indore Airport.
• Madhya Pradesh Metro Rail Corporation Limited (MPMRCL) will implement the Indore Metro project, expected to start operations by January 2030.
• A USD 109.97 million loan was signed for the Gujarat Skills Development Programme to upgrade 11 mega ITIs, establish centres of excellence, and train youth in high-growth sectors such as IT, logistics, automotive, renewable energy, healthcare, and agri-tech.
• The Gujarat programme is led by the Labour, Skill Development & Employment Department in partnership with Kaushalya: The Skill University (KSU), using a hub-and-spoke model with private training providers.
• A Technical Assistance (TA) grant of USD 1 million was signed for the SWIFT Project (Sustainable Wetland and Integrated Fisheries Transformation) in Assam, aimed at improving wetland ecosystems and fisheries development.
• Loan signing was led by the Joint Secretary (ADB & Japan), Department of Economic Affairs, with agreements signed by Saurabh Singh (DEA) and Mio Oka (ADB Country Director).

State Bank of India and Bank of India Sign Memorandum of Understanding to Set Up Centre of Excellence in Strategic Partnership

• State Bank of India (SBI) and Bank of India (BOI) signed an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to jointly establish a Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Strategic Partnership.
• The initiative aims to bolster leadership and expertise in project financing across India.
• The collaboration seeks to foster innovation and strengthen cooperation within the banking sector.
• The MoU enables Co-financing Opportunities, allowing both PSBs (Public Sector Banks) to jointly finance large-scale infrastructure and industrial projects by leveraging their combined strengths.
• The partnership enhances Co-branded Visibility for SBI and BOI in the corporate and project financing domain.
• The MoU emphasizes Capacity Building, focusing on training, skill development, and leadership programs for employees of both banks.

Industrial output dips to a 14-month low, rising just 0.4% in October

• Industrial growth slowed to 0.4%, hitting a 14-month low, mainly due to weak performance in electricity and consumer non-durables
• Growth was last lower in August 2024, when it stood at 0%, as per MOSPI (Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation)
• The electricity sector contracted by 6.9% in October 2025, compared to 2% growth in October 2024.
• The consumer non-durables sector contracted 4.4%, reversing from 2.8% growth in the previous year.
• According to Madan Sabnavis, Chief Economist, Bank of Baroda, both consumer durables (-0.5%) and consumer non-durables (-4.4%) registered negative growth due to the inventory factor.
• The mining & quarrying sector contracted 1.8%, marking contraction in six of the last seven months.
• The manufacturing sector grew only 1.8%, the lowest in nearly two years, significantly lower than 4.4% growth in October 2024.
• The infrastructure & construction goods sector grew 7.1%, higher than 4.7% growth a year earlier but below the double-digit growth seen during July–September 2025.

CRISIL Raises India’s FY26 GDP Growth Forecast to 7% After Strong First-Half Performance

• CRISIL revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY26 to 7% (earlier 6.5%) due to a strong 8% growth in the first half of the year.
• India’s real GDP growth stood at 8.2% in Q2 FY26, exceeding expectations, while nominal GDP growth was moderate at 8.7% due to easing inflation.
• Private consumption was the key driver of real GDP growth, supported by lower food inflation that boosted discretionary spending.
• Growth from the supply side was led by manufacturing and services, both showing significant improvement.
• CRISIL expects H2 growth to slow to 6.1% due to impacts such as higher US tariffs and normalisation of government capital expenditure.
• GST rate rationalisation, along with income tax cuts and interest rate cuts following RBI MPC repo rate reductions, has boosted private consumption.
• Q3 FY26 is expected to benefit from supportive factors like lower inflation, strong consumption, and emerging private investment pickup.
• A lower GDP deflator (result of easing inflation) contributed to a smaller gap between real and nominal GDP, the smallest since Q3 FY2020.

Reserve Bank of India Sees 13% Increase in Consumer Complaints Under Ombudsman Scheme in FY25

• Consumer grievances under the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Ombudsman Scheme rose by 13% in FY25, reaching 13,34,244 complaints compared with 11,75,075 in FY24.
• The growth in complaints moderated from 33% in FY24 to 13% in FY25, reflecting a slowdown.

Key Highlights :

• RBI attributed the increase to expanding digital penetration and heightened consumer awareness of grievance redressal mechanisms.
• 24 Offices of the RBI Ombudsman (ORBIOs) received 2,96,321 complaints in FY25.
• Centralised Receipt and Processing Centre (CRPC) handled 9,11,384 complaints, forwarding 1,08,331 complaints to ORBIOs and 10,589 complaints to Consumer Education and Protection Cells (CEPCs) for redressal.
• 7,76,336 complaints were classified as non-maintainable/non-complaints at CRPC, showing a high proportion of closed cases at the centre.
• Pending complaints at CRPC as of March 31, 2025, stood at 16,128.
• Complaints related to loans and advances were the highest in FY25, followed by credit card complaints, which became the second-largest contributor.
• Complaints related to mobile and electronic banking decreased by 12.74% year-on-year, indicating improvement in digital banking services.
• Banks accounted for 81.53% of ORBIO complaints (2,41,601 cases), while NBFCs contributed 14.80% (43,864 complaints).
• Private sector banks received the highest share of complaints – 37.53% in FY25, up from 34.39% in FY24.
• Complaints against private sector banks increased by 10%, whereas state-owned banks saw an 8.45% decline.
• Complaints against small finance banks surged by 42%, albeit from a lower base.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

India Re-Elected to UNESCO Executive Board for 2025–2029 Term

• India has been re-elected to the Executive Board of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) for the 2025–2029 term, reaffirming its global leadership in education, science, culture, and communication.
• The announcement was made by the Permanent Delegation of India to UNESCO.
• The Executive Board is one of the three constitutional bodies of UNESCO and is responsible for:
  • Overseeing implementation of decisions of the General Conference
  • Preparing the organisation’s programme and budget
  • Guiding strategic and policy decisions
    The board consists of 58 Member States.
• India’s re-election reflects international confidence in its contributions to UNESCO and reinforces its role in advancing inclusive, human-centric, and development-oriented global cooperation.
• India has been actively involved in UNESCO’s priority areas, including:
  • Universal and digital learning access
  • Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage
  • Promotion of multilingual communication
  • Strengthening scientific cooperation and indigenous knowledge initiatives
• With its renewed position, India will play a central role in shaping global priorities such as:
  • Education reforms, foundational literacy, and digital equity
  • Heritage conservation and recognition of World Heritage Sites
  • Climate change research, sustainability, and digital ethics
  • Freedom of information and responsible media practices aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16
• India’s approach focuses on equity, gender equality, youth empowerment, cultural diversity, and digital inclusion, reflecting its larger diplomatic vision of South-South cooperation and sustainable global development.
• India has previously contributed to key UNESCO initiatives such as:
  • Establishment of the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development (MGIEP), New Delhi
  • Recognition of Indian heritage like Ramappa Temple, Durga Puja in Kolkata, and Kumbh Mela
  • Advocacy during the International Year of Millets 2023
  • Participation in global events including World Philosophy Day, International Mother Language Day, and World Teacher’s Day

RECENT NEWS

• India has been re-elected as the Vice-Chairperson of the COP10 Bureau under the International Convention against Doping in Sport, reinforcing its global leadership and commitment to clean sport. The announcement was made during the 10th Session of the Conference of Parties (COP10), held from 20–22 October 2025 at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris.

60th All India DGP–IGP Conference 2025 Held in Raipur, Chhattisgarh

• The 60th All India DGP–IGP Conference 2025 was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the IIM Campus, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
• The theme of the conference aligned with “Viksit Bharat, Surakshit Bharat”, focusing on strengthening India’s internal security framework.
• The conference is organized annually by the Intelligence Bureau (IB) under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and serves as the highest-level platform for internal security deliberations in India.
• Participants included DGs and IGs from all States/UTs and representatives from agencies such as RAW, NIA, NTRO, NCB, and various Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs).
• PM Modi emphasized the need for innovation in policing, stronger coordination between state and central forces, and a citizen-centric security approach.
• Main focus areas included:
  • Internal Security & Law Enforcement: Presentations covered law and order assessments, crime trends, terrorism, extremism, and organized crime. Stress was laid on improved analytics, crime detection, and inter-agency cooperation.
  • Forensic & Technology-Based Policing: Discussions included the expansion of forensic labs, strengthening trained manpower, use of digital evidence, AI-enabled crime detection, and data-sharing systems.
  • Women’s Safety: Measures discussed included increased CCTV coverage, panic alert systems, smart surveillance networks, and 24×7 emergency response mechanisms.
• A key agenda was “Bastar 2.0”, presented by Chhattisgarh DGP Arun Dev Gautam, outlining the post-Naxal vision for the Bastar region. The plan focuses on:
  • Sustaining anti-insurgency gains
  • Infrastructure and connectivity development
  • Delivery of health, education, and employment services
  • Strengthening community governance and inclusion

About Chhattisgarh:

• Chief Minister: Vishnu Deo Sai
• Governor: Ramen Deka
• Capital: Raipur
• National Parks: Indravati National Park, Kanger Valley National Park, Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, Badalkhol Wildlife Sanctuary, Udanti Wildlife Sanctuary, Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary

RECENT NEWS

• In a historic milestone for social reform, Balod district in Chhattisgarh has been officially declared as India’s first child marriage-free district. The recognition comes under the “Child Marriage Free India” campaign, launched nationwide on August 27, 2024.

India Records All-Time High Foodgrain Production of 357 Million Tonnes in 2025

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that India has achieved a record foodgrain production of 357 million tonnes in 2025, the highest in the country's history.
• The announcement was made during the 128th edition of the ‘Mann Ki Baat’ radio address on 30th November 2025, highlighting India’s progress toward food security and agricultural expansion.
• This output marks an increase of 100 million tonnes over the last decade, reflecting strong growth in the agriculture sector.
• India’s foodgrain production grew from 257 million tonnes in 2015 to 357 million tonnes in 2025, showing a nearly 40% increase in ten years.
• During his visit to Coimbatore, PM Modi attended the South India Natural Farming Summit (19–21 November 2025) organised by the Tamil Nadu Natural Farming Stakeholders Forum, focusing on:
  • Eco-friendly agricultural systems
  • Chemical-free farming
  • Agro-innovation and organic inputs
  • Market linkages for farmer-producer organisations (FPOs)

India Re-Elected to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Council – Category B

• India was re-elected to the IMO Council in Category B, securing 154 out of 169 valid votes, the highest vote share in the category, marking its second consecutive term as the top-voted nation.
• The election was conducted during the 34th IMO Assembly held in London, reinforcing India’s growing role as a global maritime influencer, aligned with the Amrit Kaal Maritime Vision 2047.
• The IMO Council is the executive arm of the International Maritime Organization, responsible for supervising the organization’s work between sessions of the IMO Assembly.
• The IMO Council consists of three categories:
  • Category A: Countries with the largest interest in providing international shipping services
  • Category B: Countries with the largest interest in international seaborne trade
  • Category C: Countries with special interest in maritime transport or navigation
• India is part of Category B, along with Germany, France, Canada, UAE, Australia, Spain, Sweden, Netherlands, and Brazil.
• India’s high vote count reflects international confidence in its leadership in areas such as:
  • Maritime safety and seafarer welfare
  • Decarbonisation and sustainable shipping
  • Digital shipping and technological adoption
  • Port-led development and the blue economy
• The result aligns with the Amrit Kaal Maritime Vision 2047, which aims to make India a globally competitive maritime hub by focusing on:
  • Green shipping and sustainable maritime practices
  • Modernised ports and shipbuilding infrastructure
  • Global maritime diplomacy and strategic partnerships
  • Resilient and smart supply chains
• On the sidelines of the IMO Assembly, India held several bilateral and multilateral engagements focused on:
  • Green maritime cooperation
  • Digitalisation in shipping
  • Seafarer welfare and skill development
  • Port and logistics infrastructure partnerships
• India also recently hosted the India Maritime Week 2025, inaugurated by PM Modi with participation from 100+ countries, showcasing India’s expanding maritime capabilities and investment potential.

Government Rules Out Dearness Allowance–Basic Pay Merger Under 8th Central Pay Commission

• The 8th Central Pay Commission (8th CPC) has been formally constituted through a Gazette Notification dated 03 November 2025, as confirmed by the Ministry of Finance during the Winter Session of Parliament.
• The Commission will review pay structure, allowances, pensions, benefits, and service conditions of Central Government employees and pensioners.
• The government clarified that there is no proposal to merge Dearness Allowance (DA) with basic pay at present.
• Dearness Allowance will continue as a separate inflation-linked component, revised periodically based on the Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers (CPI-IW/AICPI-IW).
• Employee federations and pensioner associations expected a merger since DA has crossed the 50% benchmark, which historically triggered DA-basic pay integration during previous Pay Commissions.
• A merger would have increased the basic salary, resulting in higher House Rent Allowance (HRA), pension benefits, and other pay-linked allowances.
• The government is cautious due to fiscal implications. Merging DA with basic pay would substantially increase recurring expenditure, including pensions, allowances indexed to basic pay, and long-term fiscal liabilities.
• The current Terms of Reference (ToR) for the 8th Central Pay Commission do not include DA merger as a subject of review.
• Key concerns raised by employees and pensioners include:
  • No explicit provision for pension revision in the Terms of Reference.
  • Rising cost of living affecting lower pay-grade employees, as DA forms a large share of their earnings.
  • No announcement of interim relief or temporary financial support before the implementation of the 8th Central Pay Commission recommendations.
• Multiple employee unions have begun demanding amendments to the Terms of Reference and are planning nationwide demonstrations.
• The 8th Central Pay Commission is expected to submit its final recommendations within 18 months. Until then, the existing system of periodic Dearness Allowance revision based on inflation trends will remain unchanged.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Ministry of Home Affairs Assigns ITBP DG Praveen Kumar Additional Charge of Border Security Force Director General from December 1, 2025

• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) assigned Praveen Kumar, the current Director General (DG) of Indo‑Tibetan Border Police (ITBP),, the additional charge of DG, Border Security Force (BSF) effective from 1 December 2025.
• He will hold the BSF DG charge until a regular appointment is made or until further orders.
• He succeeds Daljit Singh Chawdhary, who superannuated on 30 November 2025.
• Praveen Kumar is a 1993-batch IPS officer belonging to the West Bengal (WB) cadre.
• He previously served as Superintendent of Police (SP) in multiple WB districts and as Deputy Inspector General (DIG), Midnapore Range, where he led security operations in Naxal-affected areas.
• He has held key positions at both state and central levels, contributing to policing, counter-insurgency, and border management frameworks.
• He became the 35th Director General of the ITBP in October 2025.

Air Marshal Tejbir Singh Assumes Role of IAF’s Director General (Inspection & Safety)

• Air Marshal Tejbir Singh has taken charge as Director General (Inspection & Safety) at Air Headquarters.
• He has a distinguished career of over 37 years in the Indian Air Force (IAF).
• He is an alumnus of the Royal College of Defence Studies (RCDS), United Kingdom.
• He has logged over 7,000 flying hours during his service.
• He contributed majorly to enhancing C-130J Super Hercules Special Operations capability in the IAF.
• He brings strong expertise in operational experience, leadership, safety management, and inspection systems.
• He succeeded Air Marshal M. B. Ranade, who retired on 30 November 2025 after a 39-year career.
• The IAF recognized Air Marshal Ranade for his professionalism, outstanding service, and contributions to air operations and organizational excellence.
• This leadership transition highlights IAF’s commitment to strengthening flight safety and operational standards.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

United Service Institution of India Organizes Third Annual Indian Military Heritage Festival in New Delhi

• The United Service Institution of India (USI) hosted the Third Annual Indian Military Heritage Festival (IMHF) at its New Delhi campus on 14-15 November 2025, bringing together senior military leaders, policymakers, diplomats, scholars, authors, think-tanks, industry representatives and the public.
• The festival was inaugurated by Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Sanjay Seth and attended by Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan.
• The festival showcased India’s military heritage, engaged on contemporary strategic and security issues, and highlighted emerging ideas shaping the defence ecosystem.
• Exhibitions included iconic military paintings by Lt Col Arul Raj (Retd) and release of publications such as The Sukraniti: Statecraft and Warcraft by Col PK Gautam (Retd), Honours and Awards of the Indian Armed Forces by Dr AK Mishra, and 75 Years of India’s Contribution to UN Peacekeeping by Maj Gen PK Goswami, VSM (Retd).
• Distinguished dignitaries included Governor of Tamil Nadu Shri R.N. Ravi and Shri Sambhaji Raje Chhatrapati.
• Day 1 sessions covered themes like Operation Sindoor: Catalysing Aatmanirbhar Bharat, The War India Forgot, Foundations of India’s Strategic Autonomy, Future Conflicts and Strategic Horizons, Contested Partitions, and Technology and Strategy: Adapting Warfare for the Future.
• Day 2 sessions included topics such as Great Indian Military Leaders and Military Systems, Taming the Waves, Military Biographies, Tussles over Tibet, Assam’s Modern Journey, BSF and Bangladesh, Valour and Honour: Indian Army through the Ages, and Lessons from the 1965 Indo-Pak War.
• Since its inaugural edition in 2023 at the Manekshaw Centre, the IMHF has continued to strengthen its role as a premier platform celebrating India’s military heritage.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPS & PORTALS

National Industries Research and Development Council Launches InDApp, a Single-Window Digital Platform to Streamline MSME Business Processes

• The National Industries Research and Development Council (NIRDC), under Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Ministry guidelines, launched InDApp (India’s Industrial Empowerment Application) as a single-window digital platform to simplify and accelerate MSME business processes.
• The InDApp platform was unveiled by Union MoS B. L. Verma from the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution (MCAF&PD).
• InDApp aims to provide easy access to approvals, real-time market data, and business opportunities, helping entrepreneurs take faster and informed decisions.
• The platform operates as an integrated single-window system, enhancing speed, transparency, and efficiency in MSME engagement across sectors.
• InDApp supports MSMEs through both online tools and on-ground assistance, offering access to government schemes, technology, export opportunities, and business partnerships.
• The platform was developed with support from seven ministries—MoFPI (Ministry of Food Processing Industries), MoFAHD (Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying), MoAFW (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare), MoC&I (Ministry of Commerce & Industry), MoEFCC (Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change), MCA (Ministry of Corporate Affairs), and MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy)—ensuring sector-specific information through a unified digital channel.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Space Research Organization Chief V. Narayanan Unveils India’s First Private Navigation Technology Hub, ACEN, in Thiruvananthapuram

• Narayanan, Chairman,Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), inaugurated the Anant Centre of Excellence for Navigation (ACEN), India’s first private navigation technology hub, at Kinfra Park, Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala).
• ACEN has been established by Ananth Technologies Limited (ATL), an aerospace and defence company.
• The centre focuses on developing indigenous navigation technologies including Inertial Navigation System (INS), Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) receivers, advanced sensors, gyroscopes, accelerometers, and Precision Timing Systems (PTS).
• ACEN aims to integrate Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) with Global Positioning System (GPS) or GNSS, inertial sensors,, inertial sensors, AI-based sensor fusion, and vision/radar-based navigation to build multi-modal navigation solutions.
• The technologies developed at ACEN have applications in satellites, launch vehicles, missiles, aircraft, UAVs, ships, submarines, mapping, surveying, disaster management, and civil transportation & logistics.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Rohit Sharma Becomes Highest Six-Hitter in ODI Cricket History

• India’s Rohit Sharma became the highest six-hitter in One-Day Internationals (ODIs), surpassing Pakistan’s Shahid Afridi’s record of 351 sixes.
• The milestone was achieved during the 1st ODI against South Africa in Ranchi.
• With this achievement, the 38-year-old veteran opener has further strengthened his legacy as one of the most dominant batsmen in limited-overs cricket.
• Rohit entered the match with 349 ODI sixes and needed three sixes to break the record.
  • He equalled the record by hitting two consecutive sixes off spinner Prenelan Subrayen in the 15th over.
  • He then hit Marco Hansen over deep square leg to reach his 352nd six, setting a new world record.
• In the same innings, Rohit also scored his 60th ODI half-century, making 57 runs off 50 balls with five fours and three sixes.
• Rohit Sharma’s ODI Statistics (as of record):
  • ODI Sixes: 352 (New World Record)
  • Previous Record Holder: Shahid Afridi – 351
  • ODIs Played: 278
  • Innings: 270
  • ODI Fifties: 60
  • Career Span: 2007–present
  • Age: 38
• Rohit reached the record in 128 fewer matches than Afridi, showcasing his consistency and efficiency as a six-hitter.
• Known as the "Hitman", Rohit’s career is highlighted by:
  • Three ODI double centuries, including the highest individual ODI score (264)
  • Over 10,000 ODI runs
  • His role as a match-winning opener with exceptional power-hitting ability
  • Leadership achievements, including guiding India to the Champions Trophy title in 2025
• Rohit made his ODI debut in 2007, but his career transformed after becoming an opener in 2013, establishing him as one of cricket’s greatest white-ball batters.

Virat Kohli Registers Record 52nd One-Day International Century

• Virat Kohli scored his 52nd One-Day International (ODI) century, surpassing Sachin Tendulkar’s record of 49 ODI hundreds, becoming the first male cricketer to score 50+ centuries in a single format.
• The record-breaking century was scored during the 1st ODI match against South Africa in Ranchi on 30th November 2025.
• With this milestone, Kohli now holds the record for the most ODI centuries in men’s cricket history.
• This knock was also his 6th ODI century against South Africa, setting a new record for the most centuries by a batter against South Africa in ODIs, previously tied with Sachin Tendulkar and David Warner (five each).
• Match & Records Summary:
  • Match: India vs South Africa, 1st ODI, Ranchi
  • Kohli’s Score: 100+ (confirmed century)
  • ODI Centuries: 52 (highest in history)
  • ODI Centuries vs South Africa: 6
  • Total International Centuries: 83 (second only to Sachin Tendulkar’s 100)
• Kohli’s 52 ODI centuries span multiple venues, conditions, and international tournaments, reflecting his adaptability and longevity in modern cricket.
• Climbing Cricket’s All-Time Records List:
  • Total International Centuries:
    • Virat Kohli: 83
    • Sachin Tendulkar: 100
  • Kohli continues to remain the second-highest century scorer across all international formats.
• Kohli is also nearing the milestone of 28,000 international runs, a record only previously reached by Sachin Tendulkar and Kumar Sangakkara. He required 337 runs before the South Africa series to touch that landmark.

Andre Russell Announces Retirement from IPL; Joins KKR Support Staff as “Power Coach”

• Andre Russell, one of the most explosive all-rounders in IPL history, announced his retirement from the Indian Premier League, ending his long association with the Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR).
• The 37-year-old Jamaican cricketer will now transition into KKR’s support staff as the new “Power Coach”, ahead of the IPL 2026 mini-auction scheduled in Abu Dhabi on 16th December 2025.
• Russell began his IPL journey with Delhi Daredevils in 2012 before becoming a key player for KKR from 2014 onwards, known for his aggressive batting, impactful bowling, and athletic fielding.
• Russell’s IPL Career Statistics:
  • Matches: 140
  • Runs: 2,651
  • Strike Rate: 174.18
  • Half-centuries: 12
  • Wickets: 123
  • Best Bowling: 5-wicket haul

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

International Day of Persons with Disabilities 2025 – 3rd December

• International Day of Persons with Disabilities 2025 is observed annually on 3rd December.
• The day is also known as the World Day of the Handicapped 2025.

Key Highlights

• It is celebrated to promote understanding, acceptance, and care for people with disabilities, and to ensure they are treated with dignity, equality, and respect.
• In 1976, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) decided that from 1981, the International Day of Persons with Disabilities would be observed globally.
• The United Nations (UN) officially announced 3rd December as the permanent date for the observance of the International Day of Persons with Disabilities.
• The first Paralympic Games were hosted in 1960, marking a major milestone in global disability sports representation.
• In 1992, the United Nations officially proclaimed the International Day of People with Disability as an annual observance.
• In 2013, Australia became the first country to pass the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) aimed at improving welfare, accessibility, and support systems for persons with disabilities.
• Following such initiatives, many countries introduced reservations and quotas for persons with disabilities in government and private sector employment to promote equal opportunities.
• The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was created to define the legal rights of people with disabilities and establish mandatory accessibility and design standards that businesses and municipalities must follow to ensure inclusivity and equal access.

Daily CA One- Liner: December 3^rd

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) formally released the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) 2025–30 at the 32nd meeting of the sub-committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC-SC), aiming to strengthen and deepen the financial ecosystem over the next five years.
• The Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed three loan agreements worth over USD 800 million for major projects in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.
• State Bank of India (SBI) and Bank of India (BOI) signed an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to jointly establish a Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Strategic Partnership.
• Industrial growth slowed to 0.4%, hitting a 14-month low, mainly due to weak performance in electricity and consumer non-durables sectors.
• CRISIL revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY26 to 7% (earlier 6.5%) due to a strong 8% growth in the first half of the year.
• Consumer grievances under the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Ombudsman Scheme rose by 13% in FY25, reaching 13,34,244 complaints compared with 11,75,075 in FY24.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) assigned Praveen Kumar, the current Director General (DG) of Indo‑Tibetan Border Police (ITBP),, the additional charge of DG, Border Security Force (BSF) effective from 1 December 2025.
• Air Marshal Tejbir Singh has taken charge as Director General (Inspection & Safety) at Air Headquarters.
• The United Service Institution of India (USI) hosted the Third Annual Indian Military Heritage Festival (IMHF) at its New Delhi campus on 14-15 November 2025, bringing together senior military leaders, policymakers, diplomats, scholars, authors, think-tanks, industry representatives and the public.
• The National Industries Research and Development Council (NIRDC), under Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Ministry guidelines, launched InDApp (India’s Industrial Empowerment Application) as a single-window digital platform to simplify and accelerate MSME business processes.
• V. Narayanan, Chairman,Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), inaugurated the Anant Centre of Excellence for Navigation (ACEN), India’s first private navigation technology hub, at Kinfra Park, Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala).

• India has been re-elected to the Executive Board of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) for the 2025–2029 term, reaffirming its global leadership in education, science, culture, and communication
• The 60th All India DGP–IGP Conference 2025 was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the IIM Campus, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that India has achieved a record foodgrain production of 357 million tonnes in 2025, the highest in the country's history
• India was re-elected to the IMO Council in Category B, securing 154 out of 169 valid votes, the highest vote share in the category, marking its second consecutive term as the top-voted nation
• The 8th Central Pay Commission (8th CPC) has been formally constituted through a Gazette Notification dated 03 November 2025, as confirmed by the Ministry of Finance during the Winter Session of Parliament
• India’s Rohit Sharma became the highest six-hitter in One-Day Internationals (ODIs), surpassing Pakistan’s Shahid Afridi’s record of 351 sixes
• Virat Kohli scored his 52nd One-Day International (ODI) century, surpassing Sachin Tendulkar’s record of 49 ODI hundreds, becoming the first male cricketer to score 50+ centuries in a single format
• Andre Russell, one of the most explosive all-rounders in IPL history, announced his retirement from the Indian Premier League, ending his long association with the Kolkata Knight Riders

• International Day of Persons with Disabilities 2025 is observed annually on 3rd December.