Dear Readers, Daily Current Affairs Questions Quiz for SBI, IBPS, RBI, RRB, SSC Exam 2025 of 23rd May 2025. Daily GK quiz online for bank & competitive exam. Here we have given the Daily Current Affairs Quiz based on the previous days Daily Current Affairs updates. Candidates preparing for IBPS, SBI, RBI, RRB, SSC Exam 2025 & other competitive exams can make use of these Current Affairs Quiz.

 

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1) Recently in May 2025, the Reserve Bank of India to Reduce Cash Infusion After Injecting $100 Billion. What is the estimated amount of surplus transfer from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to the government, according to different forecasts?

(a) ₹1.5 lakh crore to ₹2 lakh crore

(b) ₹2.5 lakh crore to ₹3 lakh crore (as per seven economists)

(c) ₹3.5 lakh crore to ₹4 lakh crore (as per Citi estimates)

(d) Both (b) and (c)

(e) ₹4.5 lakh crore to ₹5 lakh crore

2) What was the growth rate of India's eight core infrastructure sectors in April 2025, and which sectors showed a month-on-month increase in production?

(a) 4.6%; electricity and crude oil

(b) 0.5%; coal and natural gas

(c) 6.9%; coal and natural gas

(d) 3.8%; steel and cement

(e) 0.5%; electricity and fertilizers

3) Why is calcium carbide banned for use in fruit ripening, according to FSSAI?

(a) It slows down the ripening process unnaturally

(b) It is too expensive for large-scale use

(c) It is contaminated with arsenic and phosphorus, and has carcinogenic properties

(d) It enhances fruit taste artificially

(e) It reduces fruit shelf life

4) Who represented India at the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA) in Geneva?

(a) Mansukh Mandaviya

(b) Nirmala Sitharaman

(c) Harsh Vardhan

(d) Punya Salila Srivastava

(e) Rajesh Bhushan

5) How many redeveloped Amrit Stations Under ₹1,100 Crore Plan were inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi?

(a) 86

(b) 103

(c) 118

(d) 1,300

(e) 18

6) Who is leading the Indian delegation as India takes over the Chairmanship of the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) for 2025–26?

(a) Punya Salila Srivastava

(b) Rajesh Kumar Singh

(c) Shri Amardeep Singh Bhatia

(d) Dr. V. Anantha Nageswaran

(e) Amitabh Kant

7) Where was the world's first WHO Pandemic Agreement formally adopted by consensus by WHO Member States?

(a) Vienna

(b) New York

(c) Paris

(d) Geneva

(e) Nairobi

8) Recently, the Gujarat Forest Department reported a significant 32% increase in the Asiatic lion population over five years. What is the population of Asiatic lions in India as reported in 2025?

(a) 674

(b) 801

(c) 891

(d) 950

(e) 720

9) What rating did the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) receive from the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) for FY 2023–24?

(a) Very Good

(b) Outstanding

(c) Excellent

(d) Satisfactory

(e) Exceptional

10) What is the percentage of equity that Jongsong Investments is acquiring in Haldiram Snacks Food Private Limited?

(a) 25%

(b) 51%

(c) 100%

(d) Less than 10%

(e) Exactly 10%

11) Which company is acquiring Batlivala& Karani Securities Pvt Ltd and Batlivala& Karani Finserv Pvt Ltd?

(a) Temasek Holdings

(b) 360 ONE WAM Limited

(c) Jongsong Investments

(d) Kotak Mahindra Bank

(e) HDFC Asset Management

12) Consider the following statements regarding INSV Kaundinya:

1. INSV Kaundinya is a modern steel warship built for combat operations.
2. The ship is inspired by a 5th-century CE vessel depicted in the Ajanta Caves paintings.
3. The project was a joint initiative of the Ministry of Culture, the Indian Navy, and M/s Hodi Innovations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

(e) All are incorrect

13) Consider the following statements regarding the Golden Dome missile defence shield announced by U.S. President Donald Trump:

1. The system is inspired by Israel’s Iron Dome but on a much larger scale.
2. The project is expected to be completed by the end of President Trump's term in 2029.
3. US Space Force General Franklin Joseph has been appointed as the Program Head for the Golden Dome initiative.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

(e) All are incorrect

14) What is the main purpose of the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) introduced by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT)?

(a) To regulate telecom pricing

(b) To classify digital wallets

(c) To prevent cyber fraud and financial crimes

(d) To manage network bandwidth

(e) To track call drops

15) What is the name of the oral cholera vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech?

(a) Hillchol

(b) Vaxchol

(c) Cholguard

(d) Vibroshield

(e) BharatVac-C

16) What key benefits will the new GS1 barcodes provide compared to the current system?

(a) Only price information

(b) Product traceability and supply chain transparency with detailed data such as expiry dates and sourcing

(c) Faster scanning but less data

(d) Limited to retail sector only

(e) No difference from current barcodes

17) In May 2025, Which two organizations signed the MoU to enhance trade facilitation and customs scientific testing?

(a) CRCL and IIT Bombay

(b) CRCL and IIT Delhi

(c) CBIC and AIIMS Delhi

(d) CBIC and IISc Bangalore

(e) CRCL and NIT Trichy

18) Which team won the UEFA Europa League final held at Estadio de San Mamés, Bilbao?

(a) Manchester United

(b) Chelsea

(c) Arsenal

(d) Liverpool

(e) Tottenham Hotspur

19) Consider the following statements about GS1 standards in India:

1. GS1 standards are currently used in national programmes like FASTag and Ayushman Bharat
2. GS1 India plans to replace 2D barcodes with traditional 1D barcodes by 2029.
3. The upgraded barcodes will enable verification of product authenticity and help reduce counterfeit drugs.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

(e) All are incorrect

20) Recently, the Department of Telecommunications launched "Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI)" to Enhance Cyber Fraud Prevention. Which platform is NOT mentioned as using FRI or integrating the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP) alerts?

(a) PhonePe

(b) Paytm

(c) Google Pay

(d) Amazon Pay

(e) None of the above

Answers :

1) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has infused ₹8.57 lakh crore (~$100.06 billion) into the banking system since December through Open Market Operations (OMOs).

A large surplus transfer from RBI to the government is expected soon, estimated between:

₹2.5 lakh crore to ₹3 lakh crore (as per seven economists)

₹3.5 lakh crore to ₹4 lakh crore (as per Citi estimates)

Detailed Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has infused ₹8.57 lakh crore (~$100.06 billion) into the banking system since December through Open Market Operations (OMOs).

RBI concluded its final scheduled open market bond purchase recently and has not announced further purchases, signaling a likely slowdown in liquidity infusion.

Liquidity has been pumped continuously for the past six months.

A large surplus transfer from RBI to the government is expected soon, estimated between:

₹2.5 lakh crore to ₹3 lakh crore (as per seven economists)

₹3.5 lakh crore to ₹4 lakh crore (as per Citi estimates)

The surplus transfer announcement is expected before the end of this month.

The government’s dividend payment and subsequent government expenditure will inject funds back into the system, reducing the need for RBI to continue liquidity infusion via OMOs.

2) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The output of eight core infrastructure sectors in India, which contribute 40.27% to the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), grew by 0.5% in April 2025, marking the lowest growth in eight months.

Detailed Explanation:

The output of eight core infrastructure sectors in India, which contribute 40.27% to the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), grew by 0.5% in April 2025, marking the lowest growth in eight months.

Growth sharply declined from 4.6% in March 2025, which was also revised upwards from the earlier 3.8% estimate.

In April 2024, core sector growth was recorded at 6.9%, indicating a notable slowdown this year.

Of the eight core industries, only coal and natural gas showed a month-on-month increase in production in April 2025:

Coal output rose by 3.5% annually in April (up from 1.6% in March).

Natural gas production increased by 0.4%, recovering from a 12.7% contraction in March.

3) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has instructed all states and Union Territories to launch special enforcement drives against the use of banned ripening agents—particularly calcium carbide—in fruits such as mangoes, aiming to protect public health during peak season.

Detailed Explanation:

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has instructed all states and Union Territories to launch special enforcement drives against the use of banned ripening agents—particularly calcium carbide—in fruits such as mangoes, aiming to protect public health during peak season.

Objective of Directive: Ensure only naturally ripened fruits reach consumers and prevent exposure to toxic, carcinogenic chemicals.

Primary Concern:Calcium carbide, often contaminated with arsenic and phosphorus, can cause mouth ulcers, neurological issues, and has carcinogenic properties.

Enforcement Measures:

Inspections in mandis, fruit markets, and cold storages.

Awareness campaigns for farmers, traders, and consumers.

Promotion of ethylene gas as a safer ripening alternative under controlled conditions.

4) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

India participated in the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA) in Geneva, where it reiterated its commitment to global health equity, universal health coverage, and pandemic preparedness.

Union Health Secretary Punya Salila Srivastava represented India and highlighted key national health initiatives and India's role in supporting developing countries.

Detailed Explanation:

India participated in the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA) in Geneva, where it reiterated its commitment to global health equity, universal health coverage, and pandemic preparedness.

Union Health Secretary Punya Salila Srivastava represented India and highlighted key national health initiatives and India's role in supporting developing countries.

1. Ayushman Bharat – Flagship Health Initiative

Provides comprehensive healthcare services.

Improves public health infrastructure.

Offers financial protection against catastrophic health expenses.

Promotes digital health tools such as ABHA (Ayushman Bharat Health Account) and telemedicine platforms.

2. Global Recognition:
   India’s achievements in health were acknowledged by:

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

UN Inter-Agency Group
Focus areas included:

Maternal health improvement

Family planning initiatives

Reduction in child mortality rates

5) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

Prime MinisterNarendra Modi inaugurated 103 redeveloped Amrit Stations across 86 districts in 18 states, marking a major milestone under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme.

Detailed Explanation:

Prime MinisterNarendra Modi inaugurated 103 redeveloped Amrit Stations across 86 districts in 18 states, marking a major milestone under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme.

Executed at a cost of over ₹1,100 crore, these modernized stations aim to enhance passenger comfort, connectivity, and regional cultural representation, as part of a broader effort to upgrade 1,300+ railway stations nationwide.

Scope of Redevelopment: 103 stations across 18 states, covering 86 districts, under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme.

Investment: Over ₹1,100 crore dedicated to station modernization.

6) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

India takes over Chairmanship of APO for the 2025–26 term during the 67th Session of the APO Governing Body Meeting (GBM).

Indian delegation led by Shri Amardeep Singh Bhatia, IAS, Secretary of Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) and APO Director for India.

Detailed Explanation:

India takes over Chairmanship of APO for the 2025–26 term during the 67th Session of the APO Governing Body Meeting (GBM).

Indian delegation led by Shri Amardeep Singh Bhatia, IAS, Secretary of Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) and APO Director for India.

APO is a Tokyo-based intergovernmental organization established in 1961 to promote productivity enhancement across Asia-Pacific.

Advancing APO Vision 2030: Committed to long-term productivity growth and sustainability.

Expanding Green Productivity 2.0: Emphasizing sustainable development and environmental responsibility.

Promoting Regional Collaboration: Strengthening cooperation on digital transformation, innovation, sustainability, and entrepreneurship.

Implementation of demonstration projects focused on Green Productivity and Industry 4.0 applications for MSMEs across India.

Active role as a founding member of APO, shaping its vision and supporting initiatives over decades.

7) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The World Health Organization (WHO) Member States formally adopted by consensus the world's first WHO Pandemic Agreement during the 78th World Health Assembly in Geneva.

The Agreement aims to improve global coordination for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, including equitable and timely access to vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics.

The Agreement respects national sovereignty and explicitly states that WHO cannot mandate or impose policies such as travel bans, vaccination mandates, lockdowns, or diagnostic measures on Member States.

Detailed Explanation:

The World Health Organization (WHO) Member States formally adopted by consensus the world's first WHO Pandemic Agreement during the 78th World Health Assembly in Geneva.

The Agreement is the result of more than three years of negotiations launched in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to make the world safer and ensure a more equitable response to future pandemics.

Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, called the Agreement a victory for public health, science, and multilateral action.

The Agreement aims to improve global coordination for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, including equitable and timely access to vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics.

The Agreement respects national sovereignty and explicitly states that WHO cannot mandate or impose policies such as travel bans, vaccination mandates, lockdowns, or diagnostic measures on Member States.

The World Health Assembly approved the Agreement by vote: 124 in favor, 0 objections, 11 abstentions.

8) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

The Gujarat Forest Department reported a significant 32% increase in the Asiatic lion population over five years, reaching 891 lions in 2025.

Detailed Explanation:

The Gujarat Forest Department reported a significant 32% increase in the Asiatic lion population over five years, reaching 891 lions in 2025.

This growth highlights successful conservation efforts but also raises concerns about lion movements into human settlements, posing challenges for coexistence.

The Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica) is native exclusively to India, mainly in Gir National Park and adjacent areas.

From 674 lions in 2020, the population rose to 891 in 2025, a 32% increase.

The number of adult females increased by 27% to 330, indicating strong future growth.

These results reflect effective habitat management and conservation initiatives, including Project Lion, approved in March 2025 with a ₹2,900 crore budget.

Lion range expanded by 16.67%, from 30,000 sq. km (2020) to 35,000 sq. km (2025).

9) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

The Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) has been awarded an ‘Excellent’ rating by the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) for its performance in FY 2023-24.

Detailed Explanation:

The Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA) has been awarded an ‘Excellent’ rating by the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) for its performance in FY 2023-24.

It is ranked among the top 4 CPSEs in the country and has been named the top performer in the Power and NBFC sector.

Agency Rated: Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. (IREDA)

Rating Authority: Department of Public Enterprises (DPE)

Performance Year: FY 2023–24

MoU Rating: ‘Excellent’

Consecutive Wins: Fourth consecutive year (FY 2020–21 to FY 2023–24)

CPSEs Evaluated: 84

IREDA's Score: 98 and above

Rank: Among top 4 CPSEs overall; No. 1 in Power and NBFC sectors

10) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the acquisition of equity shares of Haldiram Snacks Food Private Limited (Target) by Jongsong Investments Pte. Ltd. (Acquirer).

The transaction involves acquisition of less than 10% of the issued and paid-up equity share capital of the Target by the Acquirer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the acquisition of equity shares of Haldiram Snacks Food Private Limited (Target) by Jongsong Investments Pte. Ltd. (Acquirer).

The transaction involves acquisition of less than 10% of the issued and paid-up equity share capital of the Target by the Acquirer.

The Acquirer, Jongsong Investments, is an investment holding company with no business operations except holding investments.

Jongsong Investments is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited (Temasek).

Temasek is an investment company headquartered in Singapore with a diversified global portfolio across sectors like Transportation & Industrials; Financial Services; Telecommunications, Media & Technology; Consumer & Real Estate; Life Sciences & Agri-Food; Multi-sector Funds and others.

The Target, Haldiram Snacks Food Private Limited, was incorporated on 12th December 2022.

Currently, Target has no business operations.

11) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the proposed combination involving the acquisition of Batlivala& Karani Securities Private Limited (Target 1) and Batlivala& Karani Finserv Private Limited (Target 2) by 360 ONE WAM Limited (Acquirer).

Detailed Explanation:

The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the proposed combination involving the acquisition of Batlivala& Karani Securities Private Limited (Target 1) and Batlivala& Karani Finserv Private Limited (Target 2) by 360 ONE WAM Limited (Acquirer).

360 ONE WAM Limited (360 ONE) is a wealth and asset management firm operating in India, including its group entities.

Batlivala& Karani Securities Pvt Ltd (Target 1) is engaged in:Equity broking, Distribution of financial products, Investment banking, Research analysis

Batlivala& Karani Finserv Pvt Ltd (Target 2) is engaged in the distribution of financial products.

12) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The Indian Navy formally inducted the Ancient Stitched Ship as INSV Kaundinya at a ceremony held at Naval Base, Karwar.

The event was presided over by Hon’ble Minister of Culture Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.

The ship is a stitched sail ship, inspired by a 5th century CE vessel depicted in the Ajanta Caves paintings.

The project was initiated through a tripartite agreement in July 2023 between the Ministry of Culture, the Indian Navy, and M/s Hodi Innovations.

The Ministry of Culture provided the funding for the project.

Detailed Explanation:

The Indian Navy formally inducted the Ancient Stitched Ship as INSV Kaundinya at a ceremony held at Naval Base, Karwar.

The event was presided over by Hon’ble Minister of Culture Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.

The ship is a stitched sail ship, inspired by a 5th century CE vessel depicted in the Ajanta Caves paintings.

The project was initiated through a tripartite agreement in July 2023 between the Ministry of Culture, the Indian Navy, and M/s Hodi Innovations.

The Ministry of Culture provided the funding for the project.

The ship's keel was laid in September 2023, and construction used a traditional stitching method with materials like coir rope, coconut fibre, and natural resin.

The construction team was led by master shipwright Shri Babu Sankaran from Kerala.

The ship was launched in February 2025 at Goa.

The Indian Navy was responsible for the design, technical validation, and construction oversight.

The design was recreated from iconographic sources due to lack of surviving blueprints.

The ship's design was validated through hydrodynamic model testing at the Department of Ocean Engineering, IIT Madras.

13) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

The United States (US) President Donald Trump has announced the $175 billionGolden Dome missile defence shield aimed at protecting the United States from long-range missile threats from China and Russia.

The program is inspired by Israel’s Iron Dome, but is much larger in scale, incorporating a satellite-based defence system.

US Space Force General Michael Guetlein has been appointed as the Program Head for the Golden Dome initiative.

The project was first ordered in January 2025, and is expected to be completed by the end of Trump's term in January 2029 (though experts are skeptical about the timeline).

Detailed Explanation:

The United States (US) President Donald Trump has announced the $175 billionGolden Dome missile defence shield aimed at protecting the United States from long-range missile threats from China and Russia.

The program is inspired by Israel’s Iron Dome, but is much larger in scale, incorporating a satellite-based defence system.

US Space Force General Michael Guetlein has been appointed as the Program Head for the Golden Dome initiative.

The system will include hundreds of satellites to detect, track, and intercept missiles, including those launched from space or other continents.

The project was first ordered in January 2025, and is expected to be completed by the end of Trump's term in January 2029 (though experts are skeptical about the timeline).

Canada has expressed interest in joining the project.

The system will be integrated with existing U.S. defence systems and involve a new fleet of satellites for missile detection and interception.

Potential contractorsinclude:Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, L3Harris Technologies, Palantir, Anduril, SpaceX (controversially, due to Elon Musk’s ties to Trump)

14) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) to strengthen cyber fraud prevention and combat financial crime.

FRI is an output of a multi-dimensional analytical tool developed under the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP).

FRI provides advanced actionable intelligence to financial institutions (banks, NBFCs, UPI service providers) to enhance cyber protection and conduct validation checks on mobile numbers flagged as risky for digital payments.

Detailed Explanation:

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) to strengthen cyber fraud prevention and combat financial crime.

FRI is an output of a multi-dimensional analytical tool developed under the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP).

FRI provides advanced actionable intelligence to financial institutions (banks, NBFCs, UPI service providers) to enhance cyber protection and conduct validation checks on mobile numbers flagged as risky for digital payments.

FRI classifies mobile numbers into three risk levels:

Medium Risk

High Risk

Very High Risk

The classification uses inputs from:Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) via the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP), DoT’s Chakshu platform, Intelligence shared by banks and financial institutions.

The Digital Intelligence Unit (DIU) of DoT shares the Mobile Number Revocation List (MNRL) with stakeholders, highlighting numbers disconnected for reasons like involvement in cybercrime, failed re-verification, or exceeding limits.

Because the life of a fraud-used mobile number is very short, FRI’s advance risk notification is critical for timely fraud prevention.

15) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

Bharat Biotech International Limited announced that its oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) Hillchol has successfully completed Phase III clinical trials.

The vaccine demonstrated efficacy against both Ogawa and Inaba serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1, the bacteria causing cholera.

Detailed Explanation:

Bharat Biotech International Limited announced that its oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) Hillchol has successfully completed Phase III clinical trials.

The vaccine demonstrated efficacy against both Ogawa and Inaba serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1, the bacteria causing cholera.

The Phase III trial was a double-blind, randomized study evaluating safety, immunogenicity, non-inferiority, and lot-to-lot consistency compared to a comparator vaccine.

The study involved 1,800 participants across 10 clinical sites in India, including infants, children, and adults:

Adults: 18 years and above

Children: 5 to under 18 years

Infants: 1 to under 5 years

Participants were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to receive either Hillchol or the comparator vaccine.

16) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

GS1, a non-profit standards organisation that develops barcodes, plans to replace the current barcode system with next-generation formats such as QR Codes powered by GS1 and GS1 DataMatrix.

The new barcodes will allow businesses, consumers, and regulators to access detailed product-specific information through a single scan, including expiry dates, sourcing data, and recall notices.

Detailed Explanation:

GS1, a non-profit standards organisation that develops barcodes, plans to replace the current barcode system with next-generation formats such as QR Codes powered by GS1 and GS1 DataMatrix.

The global rollout of the new barcode system is expected by 2027 and aims to improve product traceability and supply chain transparency.

The announcement was made at the GS1 General Assembly held in Mumbai.

The new barcodes will allow businesses, consumers, and regulators to access detailed product-specific information through a single scan, including expiry dates, sourcing data, and recall notices.

GS1 operates in 118 countries and supports over 2 million businesses. Its barcodes are scanned over 10 billion times daily.

GS1 is a neutral, not-for-profit entity that develops and maintains open standards used in sectors like retail, logistics, healthcare, and agriculture.

The new barcodes will carry structured data beyond just price and identity, focusing on identification, traceability, and information-sharing.

In India, GS1 standards are already used in national programmes like FASTag, Ayushman Bharat, and ROHINI (hospital registry).

17) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

Central Revenues Control Laboratory (CRCL), under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC), Ministry of Finance, and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

Detailed Explanation:

Central Revenues Control Laboratory (CRCL), under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC), Ministry of Finance, and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

The agreement aims to enhance trade facilitation, improve customs scientific testing, and promote ease of doing business through joint research, innovation, and capacity building.

Prof. Rangan Banerjee, Director, IIT Delhi

Shri V. Suresh, Director, CRCL

Presence of Shri Surjit Bhujabal, Special Secretary & Member (Customs), CBIC

Strengthen CRCL’s scientific infrastructure and capabilities leveraging IIT Delhi’s R&D ecosystem.

Facilitate trade by improving regulatory efficiency and customs compliance.

Promote innovation in customs testing and expedite clearance processes.

18) Answer: E

Short Explanation:

Tottenham Hotspur defeated Manchester United 1-0 at Estadio de San Mamés, Bilbao, to win the UEFA Europa League final, securing their first major trophy in 17 years and their first continental title since 1984.

Detailed Explanation:

Tottenham Hotspur defeated Manchester United 1-0 at Estadio de San Mamés, Bilbao, to win the UEFA Europa League final, securing their first major trophy in 17 years and their first continental title since 1984.

Final Score: Tottenham 1 – 0 Manchester United

Venue: Estadio de San Mamés, Bilbao, Spain

Match-Winning Goal: Brennan Johnson (42nd minute)

Crucial Defensive Moment: Micky van de Ven’s acrobatic clearance prevented equalizer

Tottenham’s last trophy before this was the 2008 League Cup.

Their last European success was the 1983–84 UEFA Cup.

The team is managed by Ange Postecoglou, now in his second season.

Key players in the final included Son Heung-min (captain), Brennan Johnson, Pape Sarr, and Micky van de Ven.

19) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

In India, GS1 standards are already used in national programmes like FASTag, Ayushman Bharat, and ROHINI (hospital registry).

India is a key market for GS1 due to its manufacturing base (especially pharmaceuticals and medical devices), growing consumer market, and government initiatives to strengthen the drug supply chain.

Transition from traditional 1D barcodes to 2D formats like QR Codes will take place over the next two years, with full implementation by 2027.

Detailed Explanation:

In India, GS1 standards are already used in national programmes like FASTag, Ayushman Bharat, and ROHINI (hospital registry).

GS1 India is working with government and private sectors to expand advanced barcode adoption in healthcare and retail.

The upgraded barcodes will help track the movement of medicines, medical devices, and agricultural goods through standardised labelling.

India is a key market for GS1 due to its manufacturing base (especially pharmaceuticals and medical devices), growing consumer market, and government initiatives to strengthen the drug supply chain.

The new system will help verify product authenticity, allowing hospitals and pharmacies to scan medicines for origin, manufacturing date, and batch number—aiding product recalls and reducing counterfeit drugs.

Transition from traditional 1D barcodes to 2D formats like QR Codes will take place over the next two years, with full implementation by 2027.

New barcodes will be compatible with smartphone cameras, removing the need for proprietary scanners.

The upgraded barcodes will support integration with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain, especially for secure and multi-party data sharing.

GS1’s Vision 2030 plan aims to unify global operations under the "One GS1" framework and expand the use of its identification systems in digital commerce and logistics.

GS1 does not sell commercial products but provides the infrastructure for global data exchange, funded through membership fees and related services.

20) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) to strengthen cyber fraud prevention and combat financial crime.

FRI is an output of a multi-dimensional analytical tool developed under the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP).

PhonePe, as an early adopter of FRI, uses it to:Decline transactions linked to Very High Risk mobile numbers, Displayon-screen alerts as part of its PhonePe Protect feature, Plan to provide proactive user warnings for Medium Risk numbers

Other leading UPI platforms such as Paytm and Google Pay (covering over 90% of UPI transactions) are integrating DIP alerts for cyber fraud mitigation.

Detailed Explanation:

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has introduced the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) to strengthen cyber fraud prevention and combat financial crime.

FRI is an output of a multi-dimensional analytical tool developed under the Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP).

FRI provides advanced actionable intelligence to financial institutions (banks, NBFCs, UPI service providers) to enhance cyber protection and conduct validation checks on mobile numbers flagged as risky for digital payments.

FRI classifies mobile numbers into three risk levels:

Medium Risk

High Risk

Very High Risk

The classification uses inputs from:Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) via the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP), DoT’s Chakshu platform, Intelligence shared by banks and financial institutions.

The Digital Intelligence Unit (DIU) of DoT shares the Mobile Number Revocation List (MNRL) with stakeholders, highlighting numbers disconnected for reasons like involvement in cybercrime, failed re-verification, or exceeding limits.

Because the life of a fraud-used mobile number is very short, FRI’s advance risk notification is critical for timely fraud prevention.

On detection of suspicious activity, the number undergoes multi-dimensional analysis and is immediately flagged and shared through DIP.

PhonePe, as an early adopter of FRI, uses it to:Decline transactions linked to Very High Risk mobile numbers, Displayon-screen alerts as part of its PhonePe Protect feature, Plan to provide proactive user warnings for Medium Risk numbers

Other leading UPI platforms such as Paytm and Google Pay (covering over 90% of UPI transactions) are integrating DIP alerts for cyber fraud mitigation.

Some platforms have introduced transaction delays, alerts, and user confirmations as part of fraud prevention.