Dear Readers, Daily Current Affairs Questions Quiz for SBI, IBPS, RBI, RRB, SSC Exam 2025 of 23rd & 24th November 2025. Daily GK quiz online for bank & competitive exam. Here we have given the Daily Current Affairs Quiz based on the previous days Daily Current Affairs updates. Candidates preparing for IBPS, SBI, RBI, RRB, SSC Exam 2025 & other competitive exams can make use of these Current Affairs Quiz.

 

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1) According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has initiated the realisation phase to interlink UPI with which European real-time payment settlement system to enable seamless cross-border payments?

(a) SEPA Instant Credit Transfer (SCT Inst)

(b) TARGET Instant Payment Settlement (TIPS)

(c) EURO1 Payment System

(d) STEP2 Pan-European ACH

(e) RT1 Real-Time Payments System

2) In Nov’25, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently imposed a total penalty of ₹7 lakh on three cooperative banks and an NBFC. Which NBFC received the highest penalty of ₹4 lakh for non-compliance with regulatory directions?

(a) Glowmore Finance Pvt Ltd

(b) Shriram Finance Ltd

(c) Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services

(d) HDB Financial Services

(e) Muthoot Finance Ltd

3) Recently, India’s foreign exchange reserves declined by $2.70 billion to $687.03 billion for the week ended November 7, 2025. According to RBI, which component recorded the largest fall during this period?

(a) Gold Reserves

(b) Foreign Currency Assets (FCA)

(c) Special Drawing Rights (SDRs)

(d) Reserve Position in the IMF

(e) Currency and Coin Holdings

4) As per the report, Moody’s has projected India’s real GDP growth for 2025 at which rate, positioning India among the fastest-growing major economies?

(a) 6.4%

(b) 6.8%

(c) 7.0%

(d) 7.2%

(e) 7.5%

5) Which state’s Scheduled Castes Commission has inaugurated India’s first dedicated courtroom for handling cases related to the Scheduled Caste (SC) community?

(a) Haryana

(b) Rajasthan

(c) Bihar

(d) Uttar Pradesh

(e) Punjab

6) Which two countries have been announced as new country partners for the Hornbill Festival 2025 by the Government of Nagaland?

(a) France and Germany

(b) Australia and New Zealand

(c) Japan and South Korea

(d) Switzerland and Ireland

(e) Spain and Portugal

7) The Supreme Court of India recently issued an advisory opinion stating that no fixed timelines can be imposed on the President or Governors for granting assent to Bills. This opinion was delivered in response to a reference made under which Article of the Constitution?

(a) Article 143

(b) Article 131

(c) Article 200

(d) Article 201

(e) Article 368

8) In news, India recently expanded Visa-on-Arrival (VoA) access for UAE nationals by increasing the number of eligible airports. How many international airports now offer this facility?

(a) Six

(b) Seven

(c) Eight

(d) Nine

(e) Ten

9) At the first-ever G20 Leaders’ Summit held in Africa, Prime Minister Narendra Modi participated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Which of the following is NOT one of India’s six major proposals at the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg?

(a) G20 Global Traditional Knowledge Repository

(b) G20 Africa Skills Multiplier

(c) G20 Open Satellite Data Partnership

(d) G20 Global Digital Taxation Taskforce

(e) G20 Critical Minerals Circularity Initiative

10) As per the news, India and Israel recently signed the Terms of Reference to begin negotiations for which major agreement aimed at boosting bilateral economic cooperation?

(a) Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)

(b) Free Trade Agreement (FTA)

(c) Bilateral Air Services Agreement

(d) Technology Transfer Agreement

(e) Strategic Defence Pact

11) Which of the following pairs of Book – Award Category is correctly matched for the 76th National Book Awards?

(a) The True True Story of Raja the Gullible (and His Mother) - Rabih Alameddine – Nonfiction

(b) The Intentions of Thunder - Patricia Smith – Poetry

(c) One Day, Everyone Will Have Always Been Against This - Omar El Akkad – Young People’s Literature

(d) The Teacher of Nomad Land: A World War II Story - Daniel Nayeri – Translated Literature

(e) We Are Green and Trembling- Gabriela Cabezón Cámara, with translator Robin Myers – Fiction

12) Who won the Miss Universe 2025 title at the 74th Miss Universe pageant held in Thailand?

(a) Victoria Kjær Theilvig

(b) R’Bonney Gabriel

(c) Andrea Meza

(d) Fátima Bosch

(e) Harnaaz Sandhu

13) Recently, WAVES Film Bazaar 2025, inaugurated during the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI), was launched by which Union Minister?

(a) Anurag Singh Thakur

(b) G. Kishan Reddy

(c) Meenakshi Lekhi

(d) Rajeev Chandrasekhar

(e) Dr. L. Murugan

14) The Government e-Marketplace (GeM) signed an MoU with which organisation to strengthen empowerment and integration of women entrepreneurs into India’s public procurement ecosystem?

(a) United Nations Women

(b) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

(c) United Nations Development Programme

(d) United Nations Industrial Development Organization

(e) United Nations Children’s Fund

15) The 3rd Joint Working Group (JWG) Meeting on Alternative Medicine between India and Germany was held in which city?

(a) Munich

(b) Hamburg

(c) Frankfurt

(d) Berlin

(e) Stuttgart

16) The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) signed a major MoU with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) to transport which key products via the Indo-Bangladesh Protocol Route (IBPR) and National Waterways?

(a) Ethanol and LPG

(b) Methanol and Formalin

(c) Ammonia and Urea

(d) Crude Oil and Naphtha

(e) Coal and Petroleum Coke

17) Recently, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has formed a landmark joint venture with which private equity firm to develop AI-focused and sovereign data centres in India?

(a) Blackstone

(b) KKR

(c) TPG

(d) Carlyle Group

(e) Brookfield

18) Who has been appointed as the new Secretary of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas in the latest Centre-approved bureaucratic reshuffle?

(a) Neeraj Mittal

(b) Manoj Joshi

(c) Amit Agrawal

(d) Atish Chandra

(e) Srivatsa Krishna

19) Recently, India’s indigenous defence production reached a record high in FY 2024–25. What was the value of India’s highest-ever defence production during this year?

(a) ₹1.27 lakh crore

(b) ₹1.35 lakh crore

(c) ₹1.54 lakh crore

(d) ₹1.62 lakh crore

(e) ₹1.78 lakh crore

20) Which Indian aircraft was involved in a fatal crash during an aerobatic display at the Dubai Airshow?

(a) Mirage 2000

(b) Jaguar

(c) Sukhoi Su-30 MKI

(d) Rafale

(e) Tejas

21) As per the recent news, China is constructing a 78,000-tonne artificial island with advanced “metamaterial” protection. By which year is this strategic platform expected to become operational?

(a) 2026

(b) 2027

(c) 2029

(d) 2028

(e) 2032

22) In news, Google’s new real-time scam detection system for India uses which on-device AI model to analyse live phone calls and flag suspicious activity?

(a) Gemini Nano

(b) Bard Ultra

(c) Tensor AI Core

(d) Pixel Secure Engine

(e) Android Shield AI

23) When is National Philosophy Day (World Philosophy Day) observed each year, and what is the date in 2025?

(a) Second Monday of November, 10 November 2025

(b) Third Thursday of November, 20 November 2025

(c) Last Friday of November, 28 November 2025

(d) First Wednesday of November, 6 November 2025

(e) Fourth Tuesday of November, 25 November 2025

24) As per the report, G20 is an informal grouping of 19 countries and 2 regional bodies are  European Union (EU) and African Union (AU). Which country will be the G20 Chair in 2026?

(a) Brazil

(b) South Africa

(c) United States

(d) India

(e) European Union

25) What is the prize amount awarded to each winner of the 76^thNational Book Awards organized by the National Book Foundation?

(a) USD 5,000

(b) USD 20,000

(c) USD 15,000

(d) USD 10,000

(e) USD 25,000

Answers :

1) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has initiated the realisation phase to interlink India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) with TARGET Instant Payment Settlement (TIPS) operated by the Eurosystem to enable seamless cross-border payments.

UPI is India’s instant payment system developed by NPCI, enabling person-to-person and person-to-merchant transactions across banks via smartphones.

Detailed Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has initiated the realisation phase to interlink India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) with TARGET Instant Payment Settlement (TIPS) operated by the Eurosystem to enable seamless cross-border payments.

UPI is India’s instant payment system developed by NPCI, enabling person-to-person and person-to-merchant transactions across banks via smartphones.

TIPS is the European Central Bank’s real-time settlement system, facilitating instant euro transactions across the Eurozone 24/7 in under 10 seconds.

The UPI–TIPS integration aims to enable faster, cheaper, and transparent remittances between India and the Euro Area, reducing reliance on SWIFT and intermediary banks.

The linkage provides convenience for NRIs and businesses, supporting cross-border trade and remittances with predictable costs and timelines.

This initiative strengthens India’s fintech diplomacy, aligning with G20 goals of improving cross-border payment systems globally.

TIPS launched:November 2018 by European Central Bank

2) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a total penalty of ₹7 lakh on three cooperative banks and a non-banking financial company (NBFC) for non-compliance with regulatory directions.

The highest penalty of ₹4 lakh was levied on Glowmore Finance Pvt Ltd, an Odisha-based NBFC.

Detailed Explanation:

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a total penalty of ₹7 lakh on three cooperative banks and a non-banking financial company (NBFC) for non-compliance with regulatory directions.

The highest penalty of ₹4 lakh was levied on Glowmore Finance Pvt Ltd, an Odisha-based NBFC.

The non-compliance was noticed during RBI correspondence regarding the appointment of a director in the company.

The action was taken under Section 58G(1)(b) read with Section 58B(5)(aa) of the RBI Act, 1934.

3) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

Foreign Currency Assets (FCA), the major component of reserves, fell by $2.45 billion to $562.14 billion, impacted by movements in non-dollar currencies like euro, pound, and yen.

Detailed Explanation:

According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), India’s foreign exchange reserves declined by $2.70 billion to $687.03 billion for the week ended November 7,2025.

The decline was due to a stronger US dollar and valuation changes, extending the fall after a $5.62 billion drop in the previous week.

Despite the fall, India continues to hold one of the largest FX reserves globally, providing strong protection against global volatility and geopolitical risks.

Foreign Currency Assets (FCA), the major component of reserves, fell by $2.45 billion to $562.14 billion, impacted by movements in non-dollar currencies like euro, pound, and yen.

Gold reserves decreased by $195 million to $101.53 billion due to fluctuations in international gold prices.

Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) fell by $51 million to $18.59 billion, as per RBI updates.

4) Answer: C

Moody’s projected India’s real Gross domestic product (GDP) growth at 7% in 2025, making India one of the fastest-growing major economies globally.

Growth is forecast to moderate to 6.4% in 2026 due to global and domestic economic factors.

5) Answer: E

Short Explanation:

The Punjab State Scheduled Castes Commission has inaugurated India’s first dedicated courtroom for handling cases related to the Scheduled Caste (SC) community, marking a major step toward improving access to justice.

Detailed Explanation:

The Punjab State Scheduled Castes Commission has inaugurated India’s first dedicated courtroom for handling cases related to the Scheduled Caste (SC) community, marking a major step toward improving access to justice.

Commission Chairperson Jasvir Singh Garhi stated that the new courtroom, equipped with modern infrastructure, will ensure faster hearings, quicker case disposal, and greater efficiency in protecting SC rights.

An Online Court System is set to be launched soon, allowing complainants to appear virtually, reducing travel, time, and financial burden—especially for people from remote areas.

6) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The Government of Nagaland has officially announced Switzerland and Ireland as country partners for the Hornbill Festival 2025, following meetings between CM Neiphiu Rio and the ambassadors of both nations in New Delhi.

Detailed Explanation:

The Government of Nagaland has officially announced Switzerland and Ireland as country partners for the Hornbill Festival 2025, following meetings between CM Neiphiu Rio and the ambassadors of both nations in New Delhi.

Switzerland’s participation was confirmed after discussions between CM Rio and Swiss Ambassador Maya Tissafi, focusing on deeper cooperation in culture, tourism, and other sectors.

Ireland’s partnership was confirmed by Irish Ambassador Kevin Kelly, with Ireland set to send a cultural delegation featuring folk music, literary exchanges, theatre, public art, and dialogue sessions.

Both countries join the United Kingdom, which had already been announced as a partner nation, further boosting the festival’s international profile.

7) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

The Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark advisory opinion, ruling that no fixed timelines can be imposed on the President or state Governors for granting assent to Bills under Article 200 and Article 201 of the Constitution of India.

The judgment followed a reference made by the President under Article 143, after the earlier State of Tamil Nadu vs Governor of Tamil Nadu (8 April 2025) ruling had suggested indicative timelines—one month for Governors and three months for the President.

Detailed Explanation:

The Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark advisory opinion, ruling that no fixed timelines can be imposed on the President or state Governors for granting assent to Bills under Article 200 and Article 201 of the Constitution of India.

The judgment followed a reference made by the President under Article 143, after the earlier State of Tamil Nadu vs Governor of Tamil Nadu (8 April 2025) ruling had suggested indicative timelines—one month for Governors and three months for the President.

A five-judge Constitution Bench led by Chief Justice of India B. R. Gavai held that:

The Constitution does not prescribe any time limits, and the judiciary cannot insert timelines, as that would effectively amend the Constitution.

The phrase “as soon as possible” indicates the need for timely action but cannot be converted into specific days or fixed deadlines.

Governors cannot sit indefinitely on Bills (no pocket-veto), and excessive delays can be challenged through judicial review, but this cannot be turned into a uniform mandatory timeline.

8) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

India has expanded the Visa-on-Arrival facility for UAE nationals from six to nine international airports, adding Cochin, Calicut, and Ahmedabad to the existing airports in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.

The facility is available from November 2025 for UAE citizens who have previously held an Indian e-visa or regular visa.

Detailed Explanation:

India has expanded the Visa-on-Arrival facility for UAE nationals from six to nine international airports, adding Cochin, Calicut, and Ahmedabad to the existing airports in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.

The facility is available from November 2025 for UAE citizens who have previously held an Indian e-visa or regular visa.

Stay permitted: Up to 60 days, with double entry allowed within the period.

Purpose: Tourism, business, medical treatment, and participation in conferences.

Required documents: Passport with 6 months validity, proof of funds, confirmed accommodation, and onward/return tickets.

Fee:₹2,000 per person, payable in Indian rupees or equivalent foreign currency.

The VoA can be used multiple times in a calendar year, with no restriction on frequency.

9) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi participated in the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa, hosted by President Cyril Ramaphosa, marking his 12th G20 Summit appearance since 2014.

Six Major Proposals by India at G20

G20 Global Traditional Knowledge Repository to preserve and utilize traditional knowledge for future generations.

G20 Africa Skills Multiplier to train 1 million certified trainers for African youth, fostering long-term development.

G20 Global Healthcare Response Team comprising experts from all G20 nations for deployment in global health emergencies.

G20 Open Satellite Data Partnership to make satellite data available to developing countries for agriculture, fisheries, and disaster management.

G20 Critical Minerals Circularity Initiative promoting recycling, urban mining, innovation and securing critical minerals supply chains.

G20 Initiative on Countering the Drug-Terror Nexus to combat drug trafficking and the financing of terrorism.

Detailed Explanation:

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi participated in the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa, hosted by President Cyril Ramaphosa, marking his 12th G20 Summit appearance since 2014.

This was the first-ever G20 Summit held in Africa, reflecting the growing importance of the Global South in global decision-making.

The PM addressed the session on “Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth Leaving No One Behind”, appreciating work under South Africa’s G20 Presidency in skilled migration, tourism, food security, AI, digital economy, innovation and women empowerment.

Six Major Proposals by India at G20

G20 Global Traditional Knowledge Repository to preserve and utilize traditional knowledge for future generations.

G20 Africa Skills Multiplier to train 1 million certified trainers for African youth, fostering long-term development.

G20 Global Healthcare Response Team comprising experts from all G20 nations for deployment in global health emergencies.

G20 Open Satellite Data Partnership to make satellite data available to developing countries for agriculture, fisheries, and disaster management.

G20 Critical Minerals Circularity Initiative promoting recycling, urban mining, innovation and securing critical minerals supply chains.

G20 Initiative on Countering the Drug-Terror Nexus to combat drug trafficking and the financing of terrorism.

10) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

India and Israel signed the Terms of Reference to begin negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), marking a major step toward expanding bilateral economic cooperation.

Detailed Explanation:

India and Israel signed the Terms of Reference to begin negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), marking a major step toward expanding bilateral economic cooperation.

The agreement aims to boost collaboration in fintech, agritech, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, quantum computing, pharmaceuticals, space, defence, and infrastructure.

Piyush Goyal highlighted India’s “Ten D’s”—Democracy, Demographics, Decarbonisation, Digitalisation, Development, Demand, Diversity, Decisive Leadership, Dependability, and Determination—as key factors making India an attractive destination for global investment.

11) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The 76th National Book Awards were held in Manhattan, showcasing global literary excellence, cultural resistance, and strong political expression.

Patricia Smith won the Poetry prize for The Intentions of Thunder, focusing on racial identity, memory, resilience, and generational wounds.

Detailed Explanation:

The 76th National Book Awards were held in Manhattan, showcasing global literary excellence, cultural resistance, and strong political expression.

Rabih Alameddine won the Fiction award for The True True Story of Raja the Gullible (and His Mother), a novel blending satire, family, war, and absurdity set in Lebanon.

Patricia Smith won the Poetry prize for The Intentions of Thunder, focusing on racial identity, memory, resilience, and generational wounds.

Omar El Akkad won the Nonfiction award for One Day, Everyone Will Have Always Been Against This, a critique of the modern West, written in response to violence in Gaza and documenting global injustices.

Daniel Nayeri received the Young People’s Literature award for The Teacher of Nomad Land: A World War II Story, highlighting survival, hope, and identity.

Gabriela Cabezón Cámara, with translator Robin Myers, won Translated Literature for We Are Green and Trembling, exploring queer identity and ecological anxiety; Cámara delivered her speech in Spanish, addressing anti-immigrant sentiment.

12) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The 74th Miss Universe pageant was held in Thailand, showcasing global culture and talent, where Fátima Bosch of Mexico won the Miss Universe 2025 title.

She was crowned by Victoria Kjær Theilvig of Denmark, the outgoing Miss Universe 2024.

Detailed Explanation:

The 74th Miss Universe pageant was held in Thailand, showcasing global culture and talent, where Fátima Bosch of Mexico won the Miss Universe 2025 title.

She was crowned by Victoria Kjær Theilvig of Denmark, the outgoing Miss Universe 2024.

Runner-Up:Praveenar Singh from Thailand, recognized for her powerful Q&A performance, cultural advocacy, and strong stage presence.

India’s Manika Vishwakarma reached the Top 12, gaining global attention for her advocacies focused on inclusive education, mental wellness, and promotion of artistic expression.

13) Answer: E

Short Explanation:

Dr. L. Murugan, Minister of State for Information & Broadcasting, inaugurated the WAVES Film Bazaar 2025 during the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) in Panaji, Goa.

Detailed Explanation:

Dr. L. Murugan, Minister of State for Information & Broadcasting, inaugurated the WAVES Film Bazaar 2025 during the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) in Panaji, Goa.

WAVES Film Bazaar is the official film market of IFFI, acting as a major platform for filmmakers, producers, distributors, festival programmers, and financiers to collaborate.

The Film Bazaar supports creators through multiple verticals including:

Co-Production Market – Featuring 22 feature films and 5 documentaries seeking global partners.

Screenwriters’ Lab – Providing mentorship from international experts.

Viewing Room – Offering a digital library for buyers and distributors.

Industry Panels & Masterclasses – Discussions on industry trends and opportunities.

The 2025 edition (19th edition) runs from 20–24 November and features:

Delegates from 30+ countries, including OTT platforms, festival curators, and sales agents.

Projects across multiple Indian regional languages, showcasing the strength of India’s diverse cinema.

Showcases of state-wise film incentives and international co-production treaties.

Special platforms for young creators, including curated pitching sessions and debut filmmaker mentoring.

14) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

Government e-Marketplace (GeM) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and UN Women signed an MoU to strengthen empowerment and integration of women entrepreneurs, especially from the informal sector, into India’s public procurement ecosystem.

Detailed Explanation:

Government e-Marketplace (GeM) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and UN Women signed an MoU to strengthen empowerment and integration of women entrepreneurs, especially from the informal sector, into India’s public procurement ecosystem.

The MoU focuses on gender-responsive procurement, promoting increased sourcing from women-led businesses under GeM’s Womaniya initiative.

The MoU was signed by Smt. Kanta Singh (Country Representative, UN Women India) and Shri Ajit B. Chavan (Additional CEO, GeM). Shri Mihir Kumar, CEO GeM, presided over the ceremony.

The partnership reinforces GeM’s commitment to expanding market access, forward linkages, and procurement opportunities for women entrepreneurs.

GeM acts as India’s national public procurement portal for Central/State Ministries, Departments, PSUs and autonomous bodies, ensuring transparent, efficient, and inclusive procurement.

15) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

The 3rd Joint Working Group (JWG) Meeting on Alternative Medicine between the Ministry of Ayush (India) and the Federal Ministry of Health  (Germany) was held from in Berlin, strengthening bilateral cooperation in traditional and integrative healthcare.

Detailed Explanation:

The 3rd Joint Working Group (JWG) Meeting on Alternative Medicine between the Ministry of Ayush (India) and the Federal Ministry of Health  (Germany) was held from in Berlin, strengthening bilateral cooperation in traditional and integrative healthcare.

Key German representatives included Paul Zubeil, Head of Division for European and International Health Policy; Prof. Dr. Georg Seifert, Head of the Competence Center for Traditional and Integrative Medicine (Charité Berlin); Andrea Galle, CEO, BKK mkk; and Dr. Jaqueline Wiesner, BfArM.

Discussions focused on three major themes: integration of traditional medicine into public health systems, developing reimbursement pathways for improved patient access, and strengthening regulatory approval mechanisms for traditional medicine products.

16) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) signed two majors MoUs to strengthen Assam’s inland water transport network, one with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) and another with the Government of Assam, aiming to enhance cargo and passenger movement through the state’s river systems.

The MoU with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) focuses on transporting Methanol and Formalin via the Indo-Bangladesh Protocol Route (IBPR) and National Waterways, enabling exports from Bogibeel, Pandu, and Jogighopa to Bangladesh and Southeast Asia while strengthening domestic supply chains on NW-1 and NW-2.

Detailed Explanation:

The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) signed two majors MoUs to strengthen Assam’s inland water transport network, one with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) and another with the Government of Assam, aiming to enhance cargo and passenger movement through the state’s river systems.

Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal chaired a comprehensive review of ongoing and upcoming inland waterway projects across Assam, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Tripura, Nagaland, and Meghalaya, including Central Sector Scheme (CSS) projects.

The MoU with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) focuses on transporting Methanol and Formalin via the Indo-Bangladesh Protocol Route (IBPR) and National Waterways, enabling exports from Bogibeel, Pandu, and Jogighopa to Bangladesh and Southeast Asia while strengthening domestic supply chains on NW-1 and NW-2.

The initiative aligns with PM Gati Shakti – National Master Plan and supports bulk, eco-friendly transportation. APL produces 1.98 lakh MT of Methanol and 1.15 lakh MT of Formalin annually, and the total project investment is ₹400 crore for tanker vessels and related infrastructure.

17) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has announced a landmark joint venture with private equity firm TPG to develop AI-focused and sovereign data centres in India, with a total equity infusion of around ₹18,000 crore.

Detailed Explanation:

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has announced a landmark joint venture with private equity firm TPG to develop AI-focused and sovereign data centres in India, with a total equity infusion of around ₹18,000 crore.

A new subsidiary, HyperVault AI Data Centre Ltd., has been incorporated as a wholly owned TCS entity to build and manage state-of-the-art, high-density, liquid-cooled, energy-efficient data centres capable of handling AI and non-AI workloads.

The equity structure is 51:49, with TPG investing up to ₹8,820 crore. TPG’s stake in HyperVault is expected to be between 27.5% and 49% depending on final agreements.

This marks the first instance of TCS accepting external private equity investment and debt, highlighting the strategic scale of the project.

18) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

Neeraj Mittal (IAS, 1992 batch) appointed Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, moving from the Department of Telecommunications.

Neeraj Mittal earlier chaired the Digital Communications Commission, supervised BSNL’s 1 lakh 4G site rollout, and promoted indigenous telecom technology stack.

He now replaces Pankaj Jain, appointed as Member Secretary, Eighth Central Pay Commission.

Detailed Explanation:

Neeraj Mittal (IAS, 1992 batch) appointed Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, moving from the Department of Telecommunications.

Neeraj Mittal earlier chaired the Digital Communications Commission, supervised BSNL’s 1 lakh 4G site rollout, and promoted indigenous telecom technology stack.

He now replaces Pankaj Jain, appointed as Member Secretary, Eighth Central Pay Commission.

Amit Agrawal (IAS, 1993 batch) appointed as Telecom Secretary, taking charge of digital governance, spectrum management, policy implementation, and telecom manufacturing expansion.

Agrawal earlier headed the Department of Pharmaceuticals and the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).

Manoj Joshi (IAS, 1989 batch) appointed as Secretary, Department of Pharmaceuticals, bringing experience in land management and regulatory coordination.

His role aligns with the government push for manufacturing parks, bulk drug capacity, and medical device expansion.

Atish Chandra (IAS, 1994 batch) appointed as Agriculture Secretary, taking charge from 1 February, replacing Devesh Chaturvedi on superannuation.

Chandra has experience in food and agriculture schemes and served as Special Secretary in the Prime Minister’s Office.

Tourism Secretary V. Vidyavathi shifted to the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment.

Srivatsa Krishna (IAS, 1994 batch) appointed as the new Tourism Secretary, known for work in technology, investment promotion, and economic planning.

Sunil Paliwal (IAS, 1993 batch) appointed as Chairman, Inland Waterways Authority of India, with the post upgraded to Secretary rank.

Anju Rathi Rana, Secretary of Legal Affairs, appointed as Member Secretary of the 23rd Law Commission of India.

Rajiv Mani, Secretary of the Legislative Department, given extended tenure until July 2028, and additional charge of Legal Affairs.

19) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

India’s indigenous defence production reached ₹1,27,434 crore in FY 2023–24, marking a 174% growth from FY 2014–15, driven by major reforms under Atmanirbhar Bharat.

India recorded its highest-ever defence production of ₹1.54 lakh crore in FY 2024–25, reflecting strong growth across DPSUs, private sector firms, and MSMEs.

Detailed Explanation:

India’s indigenous defence production reached ₹1,27,434 crore in FY 2023–24, marking a 174% growth from FY 2014–15, driven by major reforms under Atmanirbhar Bharat.

India recorded its highest-ever defence production of ₹1.54 lakh crore in FY 2024–25, reflecting strong growth across DPSUs, private sector firms, and MSMEs.

Defence spending increased from ₹2.53 lakh crore (2013–14) to ₹6.81 lakh crore (2025–26), strengthening defence infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities.

India’s defence exports rose to ₹23,622 crore in FY 2024–25, up from less than ₹1,000 crore in 2014, showcasing expanding global market presence.

India now exports defence products to 80–100 countries, demonstrating growing international confidence in Indian defence platforms.

20) Answer: E

Short Explanation:

The Indian Air Force’s Tejas fighter jet crashed during a high-profile aerobatic display at the Dubai Airshow, resulting in the death of the pilot.

Detailed Explanation:

The Indian Air Force’s Tejas fighter jet crashed during a high-profile aerobatic display at the Dubai Airshow, resulting in the death of the pilot.

The crash occurred while performing a complex aerial manoeuvre intended to showcase the jet’s agility and combat-readiness.

Eyewitnesses reported the aircraft suddenly losing stability and nosediving, producing a large plume of black smoke at the crash site.

21) Answer: D

Short Explanation:

China is constructing a 78,000-tonne artificial island designed to withstand nuclear blasts, marking a major advancement in strategic maritime infrastructure.

The project features a mobile, semi-submersible, twin-hull platform capable of supporting 238 personnel for four months without resupply.

The structure is similar in size to China’s Fujian aircraft carrier and aims to be operational by 2028, as confirmed by project leader Lin Zhongqin.

Detailed Explanation:

China is constructing a 78,000-tonne artificial island designed to withstand nuclear blasts, marking a major advancement in strategic maritime infrastructure.

The project features a mobile, semi-submersible, twin-hull platform capable of supporting 238 personnel for four months without resupply.

The structure is similar in size to China’s Fujian aircraft carrier and aims to be operational by 2028, as confirmed by project leader Lin Zhongqin.

The island can withstand harsh ocean conditions including 6–9 metre waves and Category 17 typhoons, the highest-rated tropical cyclones.

Scientists have equipped the facility with “metamaterial” sandwich panels, which convert catastrophic shock impacts into gentle compressions, offering enhanced protection.

22) Answer: A

Short Explanation:

Google has launched a real-time, on-device scam detection system for Pixel users in India to reduce phone-based financial fraud using privacy-preserving AI.

The system employs Gemini Nano AI to analyse live phone calls on-device, flagging suspicious language and alerting users without storing call recordings or transcripts.

Detailed Explanation:

Google has launched a real-time, on-device scam detection system for Pixel users in India to reduce phone-based financial fraud using privacy-preserving AI.

The system employs Gemini Nano AI to analyse live phone calls on-device, flagging suspicious language and alerting users without storing call recordings or transcripts.

A screen-sharing alert is triggered when payment apps like Google Pay, Paytm, or Navi are opened during calls from unfamiliar numbers, allowing users to end calls and screen-share instantly.

Google is expanding digital literacy programs, including the Learn and Explore Online programme, to provide tools for safe online engagement for teachers, parents, and students.

23) Answer: B

Short Explanation:

National Philosophy Day, also known globally as World Philosophy Day, is observed every year on the third Thursday of November; in 2025, it falls on 20 November.

Detailed Explanation:

National Philosophy Day, also known globally as World Philosophy Day, is observed every year on the third Thursday of November; in 2025, it falls on 20 November.

Initiated by UNESCO in 2002.

Officially recognized by the UNESCO General Conference in 2005, designating the third Thursday of November as World Philosophy Day.

The first official celebration took place at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris and later expanded globally through events in schools, universities, cultural institutions, and public forums.

24) Answer: C

Short Explanation:

The G20 represents around 85% of the world’s GDP, over 75% of global trade, and about two-thirds of the world’s population.

Present Chair : South Africa

Immediate Past Chair : Brazil

Next Chair (2026) : United States

Detailed Explanation:

G20 is an informal grouping of 19 countries and 2 regional bodies – the European Union (EU) and African Union (AU).

The group was formed on 26 September 1999.

Member countries include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Russia, Türkiye, United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (USA).

The G20 represents around 85% of the world’s GDP, over 75% of global trade, and about two-thirds of the world’s population.

Present Chair : South Africa

Immediate Past Chair : Brazil

Next Chair (2026) : United States

25) Answer: D

The 76th National Book Awards were held in Manhattan, showcasing global literary excellence, cultural resistance, and strong political expression.

The National Book Awards, organized by the National Book Foundation, honor literature in Fiction, Nonfiction, Poetry, Young People’s Literature, and Translated Literature, with each winner receiving USD 10,000.