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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Goldman Sachs Upgrades India’s 2026 Economic Growth Outlook to 6.8%

• Goldman Sachs, an American financial services firm, released its latest report titled “India: Improved Macro Outlook after the United States–Iran Deal”, raising India’s Calendar Year 2026 (CY26) Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Growth Forecast to 6.8%.
• Goldman Sachs increased India’s CY26 Real GDP Growth Forecast from 6.5% to 6.8%, an upward revision of 30 basis points (bps).
• The firm also raised its Financial Year 2026–27 (FY27) GDP Growth Forecast by 40 basis points (bps) to 6.5%.
• India’s Real GDP expanded by 7.8% Year-on-Year (Y-o-Y) in Q1 (January–March 2026), which was around 50 basis points (bps) higher than Goldman Sachs’ earlier estimate.
• Goldman Sachs lowered India’s Retail Inflation Forecast for CY26 to 4.4%, reducing it by 20 basis points (bps) from its previous projection.
• The report reduced the Core Goods Inflation Forecast for CY26 by 30 basis points (bps) to 3.2%.
• For FY27, Core Goods Inflation was revised downward by 50 basis points (bps) to 4.1%.
• Overall Core Inflation is now projected at 4.2% for CY26 and 4.5% for FY27.
• Goldman Sachs reduced India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD) forecast by 20 basis points (bps) to 1.1% of GDP.
• The report now expects India to record a Balance of Payments (BoP) Surplus equivalent to 0.7% of GDP.

Amazon Announces USD 48 Billion Investment in India to Boost Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Infrastructure

• Amazon, an American multinational technology company, announced an investment of USD 48 billion in India during 2026–2030 to strengthen its e-commerce, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and logistics
• The announcement followed a meeting between Andy Jassy, President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Amazon, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi, Delhi.
• Amazon has committed a total investment of USD 48 billion, which includes USD 13 billion specifically for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cloud infrastructure.
• The latest investment builds upon Amazon’s earlier commitment of USD 35 billion, announced in 2025, to expand its operations in India.
• Under the expansion plan, Amazon Web Services (AWS) will expand its data centres in Mumbai (Maharashtra) and Hyderabad (Telangana).
• In 2026, Amazon will establish more than 20 fulfilment centres and 100 last-mile delivery stations to strengthen its logistics and supply chain network across India.
• By 2030, Amazon aims to support 8 million jobs across India through its expanding business ecosystem.
• The company also plans to enable USD 80 billion in e-commerce exports from India by 2030.
• Amazon has committed to extending the benefits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to 15 million small businesses across the country.
• As part of its digital education initiative, Amazon will provide AI education to 4 million government school students by 2030.

Asian Development Bank Sanctions USD 42.2 Million for Bamboo Development in Northeast India

• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 42.2 million Small Expenditure Financing Facility (SEFF) to support the bamboo industry in India’s North Eastern Region (NER).
• The SEFF is aligned with the Government of India’s National Bamboo Mission (NBM) and aims to strengthen bamboo cultivation, production, processing, and marketing.
• The financing facility will support community-based bamboo projects across six North Eastern States: Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura.
• The USD 42.2 million assistance will be provided through multiple sub-loans to enhance the growth, sustainable use, and management of bamboo resources in the region.
• The initiative aims to boost agricultural productivity, strengthen rural livelihoods, and reduce India’s dependence on imported bamboo products.
• The project will promote women’s participation across the bamboo value chain by creating employment opportunities and supporting women entrepreneurs.
• Under the project, at least one women-led bamboo manufacturing facility will be established in each of the six target North Eastern States.
• Despite possessing nearly 39% of the world’s forest bamboo resources, India’s bamboo value chain remains underdeveloped and continues to rely on imports, making this initiative strategically important.
• The project will also expand access to finance for private investors and entrepreneurs involved in the bamboo sector.
• The facility includes capacity building for the National Bamboo Mission, State Bamboo Missions, and technical institutions to strengthen bamboo development.
• It will support bamboo resource mapping and management, research and training, project design and procurement, and digital value chain solutions to modernize the sector.

Recent News :

• In June 2026, The Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a USD 10 million financing package with Schoolnet India Limited (SIL) to strengthen digital learning infrastructure in government schools across India.

About ADB :

• Formation : 19 December 1966
• Headquarters : Philippines
• President : Masato Kanda
• Members : 69 countries

 CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Ministry of Culture Commemorates 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas'

• The Ministry of Culture commemorated 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas' through a special programme organised by the Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT) at its campus in New Delhi.
• The programme marked the 50th anniversary of the Emergency imposed in 1975 and aimed to promote awareness about democracy, constitutional values, and citizens' rights.
• Union Minister for Culture and Tourism Gajendra Singh Shekhawat attended the event as the Chief Guest.
• The Minister highlighted the importance of democracy, freedom of speech, freedom of expression, freedom to dissent, independent media, rule of law, and the supremacy of the Constitution.
• An exhibition titled "Long Live Democracy" showcased the impact of the Emergency, the importance of protecting constitutional freedoms, and the role of democratic institutions.
• The event also featured the Digital District Repository (DDR) exhibition, which documents district-level freedom fighters, historical events, personalities, and heritage sites related to India's freedom struggle.
• A documentary on Samvidhan Hatya Diwas was screened during the programme.
• A cultural performance titled "Musical Tribute to the Spirit of Democracy – From Silence to Voice, From Darkness to Dawn" was presented by CCRT scholars under the direction of Pandit Chetan Joshi.
• Journalist and author Ram Bahadur Rai delivered a special address, sharing his experiences during the Emergency.
• During the Digital District Repository Felicitation Ceremony, freedom fighters Sheshrao Laxmanrao Khot and Yeddula Suryanarayana Reddy, along with contributors to the DDR, were honoured.
• The programme also showcased artworks created under the Seva Parv initiative on the theme "Viksit Bharat ke Rang, Kala ke Sang."

Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan Releases Book on Bhawaiya Folk Music

• Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan released the book "Sanskritir Ratna Bhandar: Bhaowaiyar Itibritto" (Bhawaiya: A Cultural Treasure and Its Historical Journey) at Uprashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi.
• The book is authored by Dr. Jayanta Kumar Roy, Member of Parliament (MP), Lok Sabha, and Ms. Sangita Roy.
• The book traces the history, evolution, and cultural significance of Bhawaiya, a traditional folk music genre of North Bengal, Assam, and adjoining regions.
• It highlights the contribution of the Koch Rajbanshi community in preserving and promoting the Bhawaiya tradition.
• The Vice President stressed the importance of preserving India's cultural heritage, regional languages, folk traditions, and traditional knowledge systems for future generations.
• He referred to the Sama Veda, Nada Brahma, Bhakti, and Sufism, highlighting the role of music in India's cultural and spiritual heritage.
• He also cited Mission LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) and Yoga as examples of India's contribution to global well-being.
• The Vice President emphasized that cultural awareness is essential for achieving the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.

RECENT NEWS

• Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan Ji released the coffee table book Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman in New Delhi. The Vice President described the book as a fitting tribute to Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee. 

India Participates in 2nd Pax Silica Summit, Signs Joint Statement on AI Opportunity

• India, along with 34 other countries, participated in the 2nd Pax Silica Summit held in Washington, D.C., United States (US).
• The participating countries endorsed the Joint Statement on AI Opportunity, a United States (US)-led initiative to build trusted and resilient supply chains for Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies.
• The statement supports a pro-growth and pro-innovation regulatory approach for the AI ecosystem.
• United States (US) Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs Jacob Helberg highlighted the importance of strengthening the India–US partnership and discussed cooperation under the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) and the TRUST initiative.
• India was represented by S. Krishnan, Secretary, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), along with representatives from Indian industry.
• The Indian delegation held discussions on enhancing collaboration in semiconductors, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and resilient technology supply chains.
• On the sidelines of the summit, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Germany, Greece, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, Panama, and the European Union (EU) joined the Pax Silica Initiative.
• India had joined the Pax Silica Initiative in February 2026 during the AI Impact Summit held in New Delhi.

Odisha Launches GO-EAST Policy to Boost Industrial Investments

• The Government of Odisha launched the GO-EAST (Government of Odisha Eastern Investment Accelerator and Special Task Force) policy along with amendments to the Industrial Policy Resolution (IPR) 2022.
• The initiative was announced by Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi during the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) Eastern Region Council meeting held in Bhubaneswar.
• The policy aims to attract new investments, accelerate project implementation, and promote manufacturing, especially in backward districts.
• GO-EAST will function as a dedicated investment facilitation platform for industries from Eastern and North-Eastern India.
• Key features of the initiative include single-window investment facilitation, faster project approvals, real-time investment tracking, a dedicated GO-EAST Cell, and a Go SWIFT digital monitoring module.
• The policy aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's "Purvodaya" vision for the development of Eastern India.
• The revised IPR 2022 provides additional incentives for setting up non-mineral-based industries in 15 backward districts, including Balangir, Kalahandi, Nuapada, Kandhamal, Boudh, and Gajapati.
• The GO-EAST Cell and Go SWIFT platform will monitor project approvals, incentive disbursement, implementation progress, and improve transparency.
• During the event, the Odisha Government signed 7 Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) involving investments worth ₹24,823 crore across sectors such as chemicals, power, green energy equipment, apparel, and steel manufacturing.

Major Investment Commitments

• Shyam Metallicks: ₹20,000 crore – Chemicals
• K Urja: ₹2,472 crore – Power
• Singhal Steel and Power: ₹1,301 crore – Chemicals
• CESC Green Energy: ₹684 crore – Green Energy Equipment
• Nandaraj Textile: ₹169 crore – Apparel
• Hebe Steel: ₹100 crore – Steel Downstream
• Mascot Steel: ₹98 crore – Steel & Metal Manufacturing

RECENT NEWS

• The state of Odisha has approved the investment proposals worth of ₹76,611.86 crore across the multiple sectors and will strengthened its position as India’s leading industrial destinations. This approval was granted by the High-Level Clearance Authority (HLCA)  which was chaired by the Respectable Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi and it covers the 20 major projects that are expected to generate more than 50,500 employment opportunities across the nine districts.

India Commissions World's First Nuclear Process Heat-Based Hydrogen Production Facility

• India has commissioned the world's first hydrogen production facility based on nuclear process heat at the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu.
• The facility was inaugurated by Ajit Kumar Mohanty, Secretary, Department of Atomic Energy (DAE).
• The project uses the Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR) as the heat source for hydrogen production.
• It produces hydrogen using the indigenously developed Copper-Chlorine (Cu-Cl) Thermochemical Cycle, developed by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai.
• The facility has been established as a technology demonstrator to validate the feasibility of producing clean hydrogen using nuclear energy.
• The Cu-Cl Thermochemical Cycle uses high-temperature nuclear process heat (around 500°C) to split water into hydrogen and oxygen through a series of chemical reactions.
• The process enables carbon-free hydrogen production, high energy efficiency, continuous 24×7 operation, and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.
• The initiative supports India's efforts to promote clean energy, green hydrogen, and low-carbon technologies.

About Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR)

• Location: IGCAR, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu
• Commissioned: 1985
• Role: Supports India's Three-Stage Nuclear Power Programme

About Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)

• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Parent Organisation: Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)
• Function: India's premier nuclear research and development institution.

RECENT NEWS

• Tamil Nadu has emerged as the India’s top textile exporter in 2024-25 with state has surpassing Gujarat and Maharashtra with exports worth of $7,997.17 million. In the last four years state recorded a strong growth of over 29% which is reflecting consistent policy support and expansion. 

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Two Indian Women Win 'Green Oscars' (Whitley Awards) 2026

• Two Indian conservationists, Parveen Shaikh and Dr. Barkha Subba, were honoured with the Whitley Awards 2026, popularly known as the 'Green Oscars'.
• The awards recognise grassroots conservation leaders for their contributions to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration.
• The awards ceremony was held at the Royal Geographical Society, London, where the honours were presented by Princess Anne of the United Kingdom.
• Each winner received £50,000 to support their ongoing conservation projects.

Indian Awardees

• Parveen Shaikh, a conservation scientist with the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), was recognised for her work in conserving the Indian Skimmer, a rare river bird found in the Chambal River ecosystem.
• Through the "Guardians of the Skimmer" initiative, she has trained over 30 local villagers to protect and monitor Indian Skimmer nesting colonies.
• Dr. Barkha Subba, associated with the Federation of Societies for Environmental Protection (FOSEP), Darjeeling, was honoured for conserving the Himalayan Salamander.
• Her work includes scientific monitoring, wetland restoration, community participation, and efforts to control fungal diseases affecting amphibians.

Other Whitley Awards 2026 Winners

• Farwiza Farhan (Indonesia) – Gold Award for protecting the Leuser Ecosystem.
• Moreangels Mbizah (Zimbabwe) – Human–wildlife coexistence and lion conservation.
• Issah Seidu (Ghana) – Conservation of Critically Endangered guitarfish.
• Marina Kameni (Cameroon) – Conservation of endemic amphibian species.

About Whitley Awards

• Also Known As: Green Oscars
• Organised by: Whitley Fund for Nature (WFN)
• Headquarters: United Kingdom

India Secures Record 7 Finalist Spots in World's Best School Prizes 2026

• Seven Indian schools have been shortlisted among the Top 10 finalists for the World's Best School Prizes 2026.
• India recorded the highest number of shortlisted schools by any country in a single year since the awards were launched.
• The achievement highlights India's excellence in innovation, community engagement, environmental action, leadership, and quality education.
• The World's Best School Prizes 2026 are organised by T4 Education.
• Indian schools have been shortlisted across the five award categories, including Innovation and Community Collaboration.
• In the Innovation category, PCMC Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj English Medium School, Kasarwadi (Pune) and Army Goodwill School, Wuzur (Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir) were shortlisted.
• The remaining Indian schools were recognised for their contributions to teaching excellence, leadership, environmental initiatives, and community engagement.
• The Independent Judging Academy will select the winners.
• The Top 3 finalists and category winners will be announced in November 2026.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Dr. U.P. Rajeev Takes Charge as Director of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre

• Dr. U.P. Rajeev has been appointed as the Director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, one of the premier centres of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• Dr. U.P. Rajeev succeeds Dr. A. Rajarajan, who retired as Director of VSSC upon attaining the age of superannuation (60 years).
• Before his appointment, U.P. Rajeev served as the Associate Director (Research and Development) at VSSC.
• Dr. U.P. Rajeev has decades of experience in rocket control, guidance systems, mission design, and simulation of major ISRO launch vehicles.
• As the new Director of VSSC, he will lead the centre responsible for the design, development, and advancement of India's launch vehicle technologies.

About Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) :

• The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is ISRO's premier centre for the design and development of launch vehicles used in India's space missions.
• VSSC was established in 1963 as the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) and was later renamed the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC).
• The headquarters of VSSC is located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

Telangana Government Names Sanjay Jaju as State’s Chief Secretary

• The Telangana Government appointed Sanjay Jaju, a 1992-batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of the Telangana cadre, as the new Chief Secretary of Telangana.
• Sanjay Jaju will succeed K. Ramakrishna Rao, who is scheduled to retire on 30 June 2026.
• Along with the post of Chief Secretary, Sanjay Jaju has been given Full Additional Charge (FAC) of the Industries, Commerce, and Information Technology, Electronics & Communications (ITE&C) Departments.
• He has also been appointed as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Industry & Investment Cell in Hyderabad, Telangana.
• Sanjay Jaju has been on Central Deputation since 2014, serving in several key positions in the Government of India.
• He served as Secretary, Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) from April to June 2026.
• Before joining DoNER, he served as Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MoI&B).
• He also served as Additional Secretary and Joint Secretary in the Department of Defence Production, contributing to India's defence manufacturing and production policies.
• Sanjay Jaju was also a Director of the National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL), overseeing key infrastructure development projects.
• At the State Government level, he served as Secretary for Electronics, Information Technology (IT) and Communications in the Government of Andhra Pradesh.
• He also served as Commissioner of the Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH), handling important urban administration and civic governance responsibilities.

Jaime de la Espriella Secures Victory in Colombia's Presidential Election

• Jaime Abelardo de la Espriella, a political newcomer backed by the Defenders of the Homeland (Defensores de la Patria) Alliance, won Colombia's Presidential Runoff Election for the 2026–2030 term.
• Jaime Abelardo de la Espriella defeated left-wing candidate Iván Cepeda of the Historic Pact (Pacto Histórico) to become the President-elect of Colombia.
• In the presidential runoff election, Jaime Abelardo de la Espriella secured 49.66% of the votes, while Iván Cepeda received 48.70%.
• Jaime Abelardo de la Espriella will officially assume office on 7 August 2026.
• He will succeed the incumbent President Gustavo Petro as the next President of Colombia.
• José Manuel Restrepo Abondano, a former cabinet minister, was elected as the Vice President of Colombia.

About Colombia :

• Capital : Bogotá
• Currency : Colombian peso

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Border Roads Organisation Celebrates 16th Raising Day of Project BRAHMANK

• Project BRAHMANK of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 16th Raising Day on 29 June 2026 at Ranaghat, Arunachal Pradesh, marking 15 years of dedicated service in developing strategic infrastructure and connectivity.
• Project BRAHMANK was raised on 29 June 2011 at Ranaghat, East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh, and became fully operational on 3 December 2011.
• The project is responsible for the development and maintenance of strategic road infrastructure across Siang, East Siang, West Siang, Upper Siang, and Shi-Yomi districts of Arunachal Pradesh, along with parts of Dhemaji district, Assam.
• Project BRAHMANK currently maintains and develops 811 km of strategic roads and approximately 86 bridges, including culverts, steel bridges, and arch bridges.
• One of its major engineering achievements is the 100-metre Steel Arch Bridge over Siyom Nallah.
• Another significant achievement is the 165-metre Prestressed Concrete (PSC) Bridge over Simang Nallah on the Along–Yingkiong Road.
• During Financial Year 2025–26 (FY26), Project BRAHMANK inaugurated 13 bridges with a combined span of 390 metres across the Siang and Siyom Valleys.
• In FY 2025–26, the project also completed blacktopping of 61 km of roads as per National Highways Double Lane (NHDL) specifications.
• The project has developed helipads to improve connectivity, strengthen strategic infrastructure, and support defence operations in remote border areas.
• Despite facing rugged terrain, heavy rainfall, poor connectivity, and limited infrastructure, Project BRAHMANK has significantly enhanced strategic and operational connectivity for the Armed Forces.
• The project has also played a vital role in connecting remote villages of Arunachal Pradesh to the national mainstream, promoting socio-economic development.
• The 16th Raising Day celebrations included Sainik Sammelans, troop interactions, Bada Khana/Mess functions, and various social outreach and welfare activities at the headquarters and task force locations.

About Ministry of Defence :

• Union Minister : Rajnath Singh
• Minister of State : Sanjay Seth

Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh Introduces Delegation of Financial Powers-2026 to Improve Efficiency and Accountability in DRDO Projects

• Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh released the Delegation of Financial Powers to DRDO (DFP-2026) on 29 June 2026 to enhance the efficiency, accountability, and timely execution of strategic Research & Development (R&D)
• DFP-2026 is a major financial reform aimed at empowering the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with greater financial autonomy for faster implementation of defence projects.
• The new framework will facilitate the faster production and induction of indigenously developed systems, platforms, and technologies emerging from the R&D ecosystem into the Indian Armed Forces.
• DFP-2026 will promote stronger collaboration among DRDO, industry, and academia, reinforcing the Government’s vision of Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
• The revised framework is expected to enhance self-reliance in defence technologies and strengthen India’s defence preparedness.
• DFP-2026 significantly enhances functional empowerment at various levels within the Department of Defence Research & Development (Department of Defence R&D).
• The framework introduces dedicated financial provisions for trial campaigns, testing, and evaluation activities, ensuring faster validation of defence systems and technologies.
• DFP-2026 authorises the sanctioning of pre-project Research & Development (R&D) initiatives, enabling quicker initiation of strategic research programmes.
• The revised framework clearly segregates financial powers for Grants-in-Aid related to Extra-Mural Research (EMR) Projects, Defence Innovation Accelerator–Centres of Excellence (DIA-CoEs), and Technology Development Fund (TDF)
• The event was held in New Delhi in the presence of senior officials from the Ministry of Defence (MoD) and DRDO.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Scientists Develop Advanced Electrolyte for Safer and Longer-Lasting Aqueous Batteries

• Scientists from the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), developed a new electrolyte additive to improve the performance of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries (AZIBs).
• The newly developed electrolyte additive, 1,3-bis (1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-1H-imidazole-3-ium chloride (BDIM), enhances the safety, lifespan, and affordability of rechargeable zinc batteries.
• Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries (AZIBs) are emerging as low-cost, safe, and sustainable alternatives to Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) for large-scale energy storage.
• The commercialization of AZIBs has been limited by challenges such as zinc dendrite growth, Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER), corrosion, and poor cycling stability.
• Instead of expensive material redesign, the research uses interface engineering to improve zinc anode stability and battery performance.
• The BDIM additive selectively adsorbs onto the zinc metal surface and regulates the Inner Helmholtz Plane (IHP), where key electrochemical reactions occur.
• BDIM contains multiple oxygen and nitrogen donor sites, enabling strong interaction with the zinc anode during battery operation.
• By occupying the Inner Helmholtz Plane (IHP), BDIM displaces water molecules from the zinc interface, thereby reducing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER), corrosion, and zinc dendrite formation.
• The additive significantly improves battery cycling stability, electrode durability, and the overall battery lifespan.
• The BDIM compound was synthesized by reacting Glutamic Acid, Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Glyoxal, Formaldehyde, and Acetic Acid, followed by heating at 70°C under nitrogen for 24 hours.
• Researchers used a lab-developed Ultramicroelectrode (UME) together with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) to study the zinc deposition mechanism.
• The Ultramicroelectrode (UME) has a size of less than 50 micrometres, allowing radial (hemispherical) diffusion and enabling high scan-rate electrochemical measurements.
• Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) helped visualize changes in charge-transfer kinetics after the addition of the BDIM electrolyte additive.
• The study provided new insights into interfacial charge-transfer, mass-transfer kinetics, and zinc deposition mechanisms in AZIBs.
• The research was led by Ramendra Sundar Dey, Scientist E at INST, Mohali.
• The research findings were published in the ACS Electrochemistry journal.
• The technology has potential applications in grid-scale energy storage, renewable energy storage, backup power systems, and battery safety and lifetime enhancement technologies.
• The innovation can reduce maintenance costs, improve battery reliability, and strengthen sustainable energy infrastructure.

Kisan Sarathi Boosts Digital Agriculture with Integrated Advisory Services for Farmers

• Kisan Sarathi was launched in July 2021 and is India’s largest integrated digital agro-advisory platform providing timely, authentic, multilingual, and personalized agricultural advisories to farmers.

Key Highlights :

• Kisan Sarathi is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY) and the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW).
• The platform is implemented by the Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI) and the Digital India Corporation (DIC).
• Kisan Sarathi is powered by the Interactive Information Dissemination System (IIDS), a two-way communication platform that enables seamless interaction between farmers and agricultural experts.
• IIDS supports voice calls, video calls, text messages, image sharing, and video exchange, ensuring effective lab-to-land transfer of agricultural knowledge.
• The platform connects farmers with 730+ Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs), 100+ ICAR Institutes, and 65+ Agricultural Universities, creating a national agricultural advisory ecosystem.
• Kisan Sarathi integrates major digital platforms including the Kisan Call Centre, Common Service Centre (CSC), India Meteorological Department (IMD), MyScheme, and BHASHINI on a single digital interface.
• Farmers can access Kisan Sarathi through Kisan Call Centres, Common Service Centres (CSCs), Web Portal, WhatsApp, and the Mobile App, ensuring wider accessibility.
• The platform provides region-specific and real-time advisories on weather forecasts, market prices, crop management, government schemes, and agricultural best practices.
• Farmers can directly raise queries to KVK experts and receive advice in their local languages, along with participating in training sessions and video consultations.
• Kisan Sarathi enables farmers to access mandi prices, district-wise market rates, and market trends for major agricultural commodities.
• The platform provides information on 610 government schemes, including 102 Central Government Schemes, and helps farmers track schemes such as PM-KISAN.
• Advisories are available for cereals, pulses, oilseeds, horticulture crops, plantation crops, fodder crops, livestock, poultry, fisheries, and allied sectors.
• Personalized advisories are generated based on the farmer’s profile and farm details, while location-specific push alerts keep farmers informed.
• Farmers can register easily using a toll-free mobile number or the web portal.
• The Know Your Farmer (KYF) approach enables experts to access farmers’ history and previous interactions, improving the relevance and accuracy of advisories.
• IIDS stores query history, routes farmer queries to relevant experts, and provides access to a knowledge database for efficient advisory services.
• As of 25 June 2026, Kisan Sarathi is available across 37 States/UTs, 768 districts, and 6.63 lakh villages.
• The platform has a network of 4,767 ICAR scientists and 113 ICAR institutes supporting agricultural advisory services.
• Kisan Sarathi has 95 crore registered farmers, including 56.16 lakh women beneficiaries.
• Registration sources include 89 crore farmers through KVKs, 5.35 lakh through Kisan Call Centres, 39,193 through Common Service Centres, 21,517 through the Mobile App, and 2,416 through the Web Portal.
• The platform has handled 21 lakh farmer queries and released 21,900 advisories covering 351 commodities across 34 States/UTs.
• ICAR institutions benefit through greater outreach, knowledge dissemination, and improved application of agricultural research.
• KVKs and agricultural experts benefit from faster farmer outreach, improved query resolution, and better technology transfer.
• Policymakers and administrators receive real-time field insights, dashboards, and analytics, supporting evidence-based policy planning and strengthening agricultural extension systems.
• Kisan Sarathi plays a vital role in India’s digital agriculture transformation by promoting technology-enabled advisory services, institutional convergence, farmer empowerment, and resilient agricultural development.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPS & PORTALS

Centre Launches AI-Enabled Rural Internal Audit Portal to Enhance Transparency and Accountability

• Union Minister for Rural Development Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched the AI-enabled Rural Internal Audit Portal during the Rashtriya Gramin Vikas Sammelan at Pusa Campus, New Delhi, to strengthen transparency, accountability, and technology-driven governance.

Key Highlights :

• The Rural Internal Audit Portal is the first-of-its-kind unified digital platform for end-to-end management of internal audits, covering both risk-based audits and compliance audits.
• The Portal was conceived by the Office of the Chief Controller of Accounts (CCA), Ministry of Rural Development, and developed in collaboration with the National Informatics Centre (NIC).
• The Portal transforms the audit process from a paper-based, fragmented, and manual system into a transparent, data-driven, technology-enabled digital ecosystem.
• It integrates audit planning, execution, reporting, compliance management, monitoring, analytics, Action Taken Reports (ATRs), para settlement, and archival of records on a single platform.
• The pilot project of the Portal was launched in Chandauli district, Uttar Pradesh, on 1 April 2025, while all core modules became operational from October 2025.
• The Portal was developed to address challenges such as manual correspondence, delayed reporting, dispersed records, inadequate monitoring, and the absence of a centralized audit repository.
• A key objective of the Portal is to digitize and simplify the complete internal audit process, improving efficiency, transparency, accountability, and institutional memory.
• The Portal creates a centralized repository of audit units, audit observations, Action Taken Reports (ATRs), audit reports, and historical records for future reference and trend analysis.
• It enables risk-based audit planning through the systematic identification and prioritization of audit units.
• The system automates audit report generation and standardizes audit documentation, reducing procedural delays.
• The Portal supports real-time monitoring of audit progress, compliance status, approval workflows, financial irregularities, and audit performance through interactive dashboards.
• The Portal provides role-based access control for auditors, auditees, approving authorities, programme divisions, State Governments, district officials, and certified internal auditors.
• A unique feature is the Map View Module, which offers geospatial visualization of audit coverage, audit team deployment, para settlement status, compliance responses, and unaudited audit units across India.
• The Map View Module helps identify audit units that have never been audited, enabling risk-based prioritization and optimal resource deployment.
• The Portal has a multilingual and user-friendly interface, ensuring easy accessibility and structured workflows.
• It is built on a modern, scalable, and secure technology architecture hosted by NIC, using Git-based version control, Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD), and separate Development, UAT, and Production environments.
• The Portal incorporates a comprehensive security framework, including role-based access control, secure API integration, centralized monitoring, audit logging, daily backups, periodic security assessments, and disaster recovery protocols.
• The architecture is future-ready and designed for integration with Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), predictive analytics, and advanced risk assessment tools.
• AI-enabled functionalities will support intelligent audit planning, predictive analytics, pattern recognition, high-risk entity identification, and evidence-based decision-making.
• The Portal has significantly improved audit standardization, digital record management, compliance tracking, oversight, coordination, and governance outcomes across Rural Development programmes.
• The Portal has reduced dependence on physical records, manual communication, and fragmented workflows, promoting paperless and environmentally sustainable governance.
• The availability of analytical dashboards enables trend analysis, systemic risk identification, implementation quality assessment, and evidence-based governance.
• The CGA recognized the Rural Internal Audit Portal as India's first unified digital platform for end-to-end internal audit management, covering both risk-based and compliance audits.

About Ministry of Rural Development :

• Cabinet Minister : Shivraj Singh Chouhan
• Minister of State : Chandra Sekhar Pemmasani, Kamlesh Paswan

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay Signs Letter of Intent with State University of New York (SUNY) Old Westbury

• The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay and the State University of New York (SUNY) Old Westbury signed a Letter of Intent (LoI) in New York, United States (US) to strengthen academic and research collaboration.
• The LoI was signed by Professor Shireesh Kedare, Director of IIT Bombay, and Dr. Timothy E. Sams, President of SUNY Old Westbury, in the presence of Binaya Pradhan, Consul General of India in New York.
• The collaboration will focus on engineering, Artificial Intelligence (AI), multidisciplinary research, technology, and other emerging fields.
• Union Minister for Education Dharmendra Pradhan stated that the partnership aligns with the vision of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which promotes the internationalisation of Indian higher education.
• The partnership aims to promote faculty and researcher exchanges, joint research projects, and the organisation of joint conferences and symposia.
• The collaboration is expected to strengthen research, innovation, and global academic engagement, while creating new opportunities for students, scholars, and researchers.
• Ambassador of India to the United States Vinay Mohan Kwatra also participated virtually during the announcement.

About Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay

• Established: 1958
• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Director: Professor Shireesh Kedare

About State University of New York (SUNY) Old Westbury

• Location: Old Westbury, New York, United States
• President: Dr. Timothy E. Sams

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Ben Stokes Announces Retirement from International Cricket

• England Test captain Ben Stokes has announced his retirement from international cricket after the third Rothesay Test against New Zealand at Trent Bridge.
• The England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) confirmed that the Trent Bridge Test will be his final international match.
• Stokes will also step down as England Men's Test captain, a position he has held since April 2022.
• He made his international debut in 2011 and his Test debut during the 2013 Ashes series against Australia.
• Stokes played a crucial role in England's first ICC Men's Cricket World Cup victory in 2019, scoring an unbeaten 84 in the final against New Zealand.
• He produced a historic unbeaten 135 at Headingley during the 2019 Ashes, leading England to a famous one-wicket victory over Australia.
• His highest Test score was 258 against South Africa at Cape Town in 2016.
• As England Test captain, he and head coach Brendon McCullum popularised the aggressive 'Bazball' approach in Test cricket.
• Born in Christchurch, New Zealand, and raised in Cumbria, England, Stokes is regarded as one of England's greatest all-rounders.

About England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB)

• Established: 1997
• Headquarters: London, England
• Chairperson: Richard Thompson
• Chief Executive Officer (CEO): Richard Gould

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Tamil Cinema Legend K. Bhagyaraj Passed Away at the Age of 73

• Veteran Tamil filmmaker, actor, screenwriter, and director Krishnaswamy Bhagyaraj passed away at the age of 73 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN).

About Krishnaswamy Bhagyaraj :

• Krishnaswamy Bhagyaraj was born on 7 January 1953 in Gobichettipalayam, Erode district, Tamil Nadu.
• He began his film career as an Assistant Director under renowned filmmaker Bharathiraja.
• Bhagyaraj made his acting debut with the Tamil film 16 Vayathinile (1977) before establishing himself as a successful screenplay and dialogue writer.
• He made his directorial debut with Suvarilladha Chiththirangal (1979).
• During a career spanning nearly five decades, Bhagyaraj directed more than 25 films and acted in over 75 films.
• He was among the few filmmakers who handled the story, screenplay, dialogues, direction, and lead acting in his own films.
• Krishnaswamy Bhagyaraj earned the popular title "Screenplay King" for his exceptional screenplay writing and storytelling skills.
• Several of Bhagyaraj's successful films were remade in Hindi and Telugu, reflecting his widespread influence on Indian cinema.

CURRENT AFAFIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

International Asteroid Day 2026 Observed on 30 June

• International Asteroid Day is observed every year on 30 June to raise awareness about asteroids, their role in the solar system, and the need for planetary defence.
• The day commemorates the Tunguska Event of 30 June 1908, when a massive asteroid explosion occurred over Siberia, Russian Federation.
• In December 2016, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) proclaimed 30 June as International Asteroid Day through Resolution A/RES/71/90.
• The observance aims to increase public awareness about the risks posed by asteroids and measures to protect the Earth from potential asteroid impacts.
• International Asteroid Day was co-founded by Dr. Brian May (astrophysicist and lead guitarist of Queen), Danica Remy (President of the B612 Foundation), Rusty Schweickart (Apollo 9 astronaut), and filmmaker Grig Richters.
• The initiative promotes awareness about the importance of asteroids in the formation of the universe and supports global planetary defence efforts.

Daily CA One- Liner: June 30

• The Ministry of Culture commemorated 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas' through a special programme organised by the Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT) at its campus in New Delhi
• Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan released the book "Sanskritir Ratna Bhandar: Bhaowaiyar Itibritto" (Bhawaiya: A Cultural Treasure and Its Historical Journey) at Uprashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi
• India, along with 34 other countries, participated in the 2nd Pax Silica Summit held in Washington, D.C., United States
• The Government of Odisha launched the GO-EAST (Government of Odisha Eastern Investment Accelerator and Special Task Force) policy along with amendments to the Industrial Policy Resolution (IPR) 2022
• India has commissioned the world's first hydrogen production facility based on nuclear process heat at the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu
• Two Indian conservationists, Parveen Shaikh and Barkha Subba, were honoured with the Whitley Awards 2026, popularly known as the 'Green Oscars'
• Seven Indian schools have been shortlisted among the Top 10 finalists for the World's Best School Prizes 2026
• The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay and the State University of New York (SUNY) Old Westbury signed a Letter of Intent (LoI) in New York, United States (US) to strengthen academic and research collaboration
• England Test captain Ben Stokes has announced his retirement from international cricket after the third Rothesay Test against New Zealand at Trent Bridge
• International Asteroid Day is observed every year on 30 June to raise awareness about asteroids, their role in the solar system, and the need for planetary defence.

• Goldman Sachs, an American financial services firm, released its latest report titled “India: Improved Macro Outlook after the United States–Iran Deal”, raising India’s Calendar Year 2026 (CY26) Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Growth Forecast to 6.8%.
• Amazon, an American multinational technology company, announced an investment of USD 48 billion in India during 2026–2030 to strengthen its e-commerce, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and logistics businesses.
• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 42.2 million Small Expenditure Financing Facility (SEFF) to support the bamboo industry in India’s North Eastern Region (NER).
• Dr. U.P. Rajeev has been appointed as the Director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, one of the premier centres of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• The Telangana Government appointed Sanjay Jaju, a 1992-batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of the Telangana cadre, as the new Chief Secretary of Telangana.
• Jaime Abelardo de la Espriella, a political newcomer backed by the Defenders of the Homeland (Defensores de la Patria) Alliance, won Colombia's Presidential Runoff Election for the 2026–2030 term.
• Project BRAHMANK of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 16th Raising Day on 29 June 2026 at Ranaghat, Arunachal Pradesh, marking 15 years of dedicated service in developing strategic infrastructure and connectivity.
• Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh released the Delegation of Financial Powers to DRDO (DFP-2026) on 29 June 2026 to enhance the efficiency, accountability, and timely execution of strategic Research & Development (R&D) projects.
• Scientists from the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), developed a new electrolyte additive to improve the performance of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries (AZIBs).
• Kisan Sarathi was launched in July 2021 and is India’s largest integrated digital agro-advisory platform providing timely, authentic, multilingual, and personalized agricultural advisories to farmers.
• Union Minister for Rural Development Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched the AI-enabled Rural Internal Audit Portal during the Rashtriya Gramin Vikas Sammelan at Pusa Campus, New Delhi, to strengthen transparency, accountability, and technology-driven governance.
• Veteran Tamil filmmaker, actor, screenwriter, and director Krishnaswamy Bhagyaraj passed away at the age of 73 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN).