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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited Gets Securities and Exchange Board of India Nod to Set Up Coal Exchange Company

• Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited (MCX) received approval from the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to invest in a proposed Coal Exchange company, marking its expansion into the energy trading ecosystem.
• MCX will set up a wholly owned subsidiary, likely named MCX Coal Exchange Ltd / MCX Coal Exchange of India, initially holding 100% stake, with scope for future strategic partnerships.
• The company plans to invest up to ₹100 crore to meet regulatory net worth requirements under draft coal exchange norms.
• The proposed platform will enable transparent, standardised digital trading and physical delivery of coal at market-driven prices.
• The initiative aims to build a regulated, technology-driven commodity market ensuring efficient price discovery for coal in India.
• MCX, established in 2003 and headquartered in Mumbai, is India’s leading commodity derivatives exchange.
• The coal exchange initiative strengthens MCX’s presence in the energy segment, complementing its existing contracts in crude oil, natural gas, and electricity futures.
• It will create a comprehensive energy trading ecosystem, enhancing liquidity, transparency, and market efficiency in India’s commodity markets.

About SEBI :

• Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
• SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.

Pay Point India Becomes First Private Fintech to Get Reserve Bank of India Centralised Payment System Membership

• Pay Point India Network, a leading fintech company, became the first private-sector fintech firm to secure membership in the Centralised Payment System (CPS) operated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• This marks a significant development as it allows a non-bank fintech company direct access to India’s core payment infrastructure.
• Earlier, access to CPS was limited to banks and select large institutions, including National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and Clearing Corporation of India Limited (CCIL).
• With this membership, Pay Point gains direct access to key payment systems such as Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) and National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT).
• This eliminates the need for intermediary partner banks, improving operational independence and efficiency.
• The company has been assigned its own IFSC code, enabling it to maintain both a current account and settlement account directly with RBI.
• Key benefits of direct CPS access include reduced transaction costs, faster fund transfers, enhanced efficiency, and improved data security.
• Overall, this development represents a major shift in India’s digital payments ecosystem, strengthening fintech participation in core financial infrastructure.

Punjab National Bank Joins Hands with Kiwi to Introduce RuPay Credit Card Integrated with UPI Platform

• Punjab National Bank (PNB) entered into a strategic partnership with fintech firm Kiwi to launch a co-branded RuPay credit card named “PNB Kiwi Credit Card” integrated with Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
• The initiative aims to expand formal credit access, promote financial inclusion in semi-urban and rural areas, and strengthen the credit-on-UPI ecosystem.
• The partnership targets nearly 180 million customers through a fully digital onboarding process, enhancing digital credit penetration in India.
• The card enables credit-based payments via UPI QR codes, allowing seamless scan-and-pay transactions across millions of merchants without requiring a physical credit card.
• Customers will receive cashback benefits ranging from 0.5% to 1.5% on online transactions along with zero joining and annual fees.
• The product offers a completely digital and paperless onboarding process, ensuring quick, easy, and accessible credit card issuance.
• Overall, the partnership strengthens India’s digital payments ecosystem, expands UPI-linked credit adoption, and boosts financial inclusion and cashless economy growth.

About Punjab National Bank (PNB):

• Founded: 1894
• Headquarters: New Delhi, India
• Managing Director & CEO: Ashok Chandra
• Tagline: "The Name You Can Bank Upon"

 CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Centre Approves ₹460 Crore Financial Support to Alliance Air to Revive Operations

• The Government of India approved over ₹460 crore financial assistance to Alliance Air in the form of a loan to help restore grounded aircraft and revive operations.
• The assistance will be released in three tranches linked to operational milestones:
• ₹150 crore (first instalment already released)
• ₹150 crore (second instalment)
• ₹160 crore (final instalment)
• The funding support comes at a time when a large portion of the airline’s fleet remains grounded due to:
• Shortage of spare parts
• Delays in engine servicing
• Pending payments to original equipment manufacturers, lessors, and maintenance, repair, and overhaul service providers
• The airline is currently in discussions with aircraft manufacturer ATR for spare parts supply and maintenance support.
• Fleet status of Alliance Air:
• Total aircraft: 21
• Includes 20 ATR aircraft and 1 Dornier 228 aircraft
• 11 aircraft grounded
• 10 aircraft operational
• Earlier, in 2023, the Government infused ₹600 crore equity support into Alliance Air to sustain operations.
• The airline’s total debt is estimated at around ₹4,000 crore, largely owed to:
• Air India Assets Holding Limited
• Oil Marketing Companies
• Other vendors
• Alliance Air was earlier part of Air India before its divestment to Tata Group in 2021, after which it remained the only airline under Central Government control.
• Founded in 1996 as a subsidiary of Indian Airlines, it later became part of Air India following the merger.
• According to data from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Alliance Air carried around 0.11 lakh passengers in February 2026, accounting for 0.4% share of India’s domestic aviation market.
• The airline currently operates most of its routes under the Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik Regional Connectivity Scheme, supporting air connectivity to smaller cities across India

RECENT NEWS

• In January 2025, the Government of India approved the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) rates for the Rabi 2025–26 season, ensuring continued access to affordable and balanced fertilizers for Indian farmers.

Archaeological Survey of India Begins Major Conservation Work at Konark Sun Temple

• The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) began a major conservation project at the Konark Sun Temple, a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Site, to restore the structure and ensure its long-term stability.
• The project involves careful removal of sand from the Jagamohan (assembly hall), which had been filled by British engineers between 1901 and 1903 to prevent the structure from collapsing.
• The earlier sand-filling measure helped stabilise the monument at the time but resulted in:
• The Jagamohan remaining sealed and inaccessible
• Limited scope for internal structural assessment
• Conservation efforts being largely restricted to the exterior portions
• Using modern conservation techniques, ASI has started a controlled operation that includes:
• Drilling a 6 × 5 foot passage through the western wall
• Use of diamond drilling technology to minimise vibrations
• Manual removal of sand after drilling
• Continuous structural stability monitoring
• The current phase of work is expected to take around one year
• Before initiating the operation, ASI conducted scientific assessments, including:
• Drilling two test holes in December
• Analysis of stone and sand samples by Indian Institute of Technology Madras
• Confirmation that the sand remained structurally stable, enabling safe commencement of restoration work
• The Konark Sun Temple was built in the 13th century by Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty and is designed in the form of a giant chariot dedicated to the Sun God.
• The temple’s construction reportedly took around 12 years and involved nearly 1,200 artisans and sculptors, and it is globally renowned for its intricate stone carvings and architectural excellence.

RECENT NEWS

• In a major heritage conservation effort, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has completed the restoration of Rajon Ki Baoli, a 16th-century stepwell located in Mehrauli, Delhi. The project is being hailed as a key step toward preserving India’s architectural and environmental legacy, blending historical revival with sustainable water management practices.

Dhar Selected Under Safe Cities Project 2026 to Enhance Women’s Safety

• Dhar, Madhya Pradesh has been selected under the Safe Cities Project 2026, a major initiative to improve women’s safety and urban infrastructure in the city.
• The project is being implemented by the Ministry of Women and Child Development with a dedicated funding of ₹10 crore over a five-year period.
• The Safe Cities Project is a Central Government initiative aimed at creating safer and more inclusive public spaces for women through:
• Installation of modern surveillance systems
• Improvement of urban infrastructure
• Community awareness and sensitisation programmes
• Key infrastructure measures planned in Dhar include:
• Installation of Closed-Circuit Television cameras at sensitive locations
• Strengthening street lighting infrastructure
• Establishment of advanced monitoring and control systems
• Women-friendly facilities to be developed under the project include:
• Construction of Pink Toilets in public areas
• Creation of dedicated waiting spaces for women in hospitals
• Improved amenities at tourist destinations
• The initiative also includes safety awareness campaigns, gender-sensitisation training programmes, and efforts to promote the social and psychological empowerment of women.
• The project is expected to enhance Dhar’s image as a safe tourist destination, attract more visitors, and support overall urban infrastructure development while strengthening women-centric safety reforms in India.

RECENT NEWS

• India’s push for inclusive and technology-driven governance received a major boost as Madhya Pradesh partnered with the Digital India BHASHINI Division. The collaboration focuses on integrating multilingual and voice-based AI solutions into government platforms, ensuring that digital services reach citizens across linguistic and regional boundaries. 

About Madhya Pradesh:

• Chief Minister: Mohan Yadav  
• Governor: Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel
• Capital: Bhopal  
• National Parks: Kanha National Park, Bandhavgarh National Park, Pench National Park, Panna National Park.
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bori Wildlife Sanctuary, Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Ken Gharial Sanctuary, Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary.

Revised Technology Development and Investment Promotion Scheme Guidelines Released to Boost Fifth Generation Advanced and Sixth Generation Telecom Innovation

• Shri Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Union Minister of Ministry of Communications and Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region, released the revised guidelines for the Technology Development and Investment Promotion Scheme of the Department of Telecommunications in New Delhi.
• The scheme has a financial outlay of ₹203 crore for the period 2026–2031 and aims to strengthen India’s participation in global telecom standards and accelerate innovation in Fifth Generation Advanced and Sixth Generation technologies.
• The Technology Development and Investment Promotion Scheme provides financial support for participation and leadership in global standardisation bodies such as:
• International Telecommunication Union
• 3rd Generation Partnership Project
• Machine-to-Machine standards platforms
• The scheme supports:
• Technical contributions to global telecom standards
• International collaborations
• Promotion of indigenous telecom innovation from research stage to real-world deployment
• Implementation of the scheme will be carried out through:
• Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India
• Telecom Centres of Excellence
• Telecommunications Consultants India Limited

Eveready Industries India Limited Inaugurates India’s Only Operating Alkaline Battery Manufacturing Facility in Samba, Jammu and Kashmir

• Eveready Industries India Limited inaugurated India’s only operating alkaline battery manufacturing facility in Samba district of Jammu and Kashmir.
• The greenfield manufacturing unit was inaugurated by Manoj Sinha, Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, in the presence of:
• Mohit Burman, Promoter and Non-Executive Director, Eveready Industries India Limited
• Anirban Banerjee, Chief Executive Officer, Eveready Industries India Limited
• The facility aims to increase Eveready’s alkaline battery market share in India to around 25% (by value) within three years, from the current 16%, through both domestic and export opportunities.
• For decades, India depended largely on:
• Imported alkaline batteries
• Locally produced zinc-carbon batteries
• The plant will primarily manufacture the Ultima Alkaline battery range, targeting the premium battery segment amid rising demand for high-drain electronic devices.
• Alkaline batteries provide higher energy density than zinc-carbon batteries, making them suitable for modern high-drain devices such as:
• Smart locks
• Digital cameras
• Advanced electronic toys
• The facility supports import substitution by enabling end-to-end domestic manufacturing, reducing dependence on imports mainly from Southeast Asia and China, and strengthening supply chain resilience in India.

RECENT NEWS

• The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) once again demonstrated its operational excellence by successfully conducting a high-altitude rescue and road restoration operation at Chatergala Pass in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. 

About Jammu & Kashmir:

• Chief Minister: Omar Abdullah

• Lieutenant Governor: Manoj Sinha
• Capital: Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
• National Parks: Dachigam National Park, Hemis National Park, Kishtwar National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary, Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, Nandini Wildlife Sanctuary, Surinsar-Mansar Wildlife Sanctuary

 Ninth Edition of India International Water Week 2026 Launched by Union Minister C. R. Patil in New Delhi

• C. R. Patil, Union Minister of Ministry of Jal Shakti, launched the 9th edition of India International Water Week 2026, India’s flagship global water event, at Shram Shakti Bhavan in New Delhi.
• India International Water Week 2026 aims to bring together experts, planners, innovators, and stakeholders from across the world to share knowledge, experiences, and best practices in water resource management.
• During the launch event:
• The official brochure of India International Water Week 2026 was released
• The official website portal of India International Water Week 2026 was made live
• While addressing the event, the Union Minister highlighted that:
• More than 60 lakh artificial recharge and water conservation structures have already been created under national water conservation initiatives
• The Government of India has set a target to create one crore such structures by May 2026 to strengthen water security and groundwater recharge efforts.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

India Expands Overseas Citizen of India Card Eligibility in Sri Lanka Up to Sixth Generation

• The Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) card scheme has gained prominence in India’s engagement with the Indian-origin community in Sri Lanka.
• The Government of India has extended OCI eligibility up to the sixth generation for persons of Indian origin in Sri Lanka, expanding the scope from the earlier fourth generation limit.
• The OCI card is a form of long-term residency status granted by India to foreign citizens of Indian origin.
• It was introduced in 2005 through amendments to the Citizenship Act to strengthen links with the global Indian diaspora.
• The OCI card provides a lifelong, multiple-entry visa facility, allowing holders to travel to India without repeated visa requirements.
• During a two-day visit to Sri Lanka, the Vice President of India C.P. Radhakrishnan announced the expansion of OCI eligibility for the Indian community in Sri Lanka.
• He met Anura Kumara Dissanayake to discuss bilateral relations, housing projects, and fishermen issues.
• The discussions also covered India-supported development projects in Sri Lanka, including the $450 million Cyclone Ditwah aid package.
• Both sides emphasized resolving fishermen issues in a humanitarian manner, focusing on the livelihood concerns of coastal communities in both countries.

About Sri Lanka:

• Capital: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (Administrative), Colombo (Commercial)
• Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR)
• President: Anura Kumara Dissanayake
• Prime Minister: Harini Amarasuriya

South Korean President Lee Jae Myung’s State Visit to India (19–21 April 2026): Key Highlights and Outcomes

• Lee Jae Myung, the President of the Republic of Korea (ROK), paid a State Visit to India from 19–21 April 2026 at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, marking the first South Korean Presidential visit to India in eight years.
• He was accompanied by the First Lady Kim Hea Kyung and a high-level delegation including ministers, senior officials, and business leaders.
• He was received at New Delhi airport by Union Minister of State (MoS) Harsh Malhotra.
• On 20 April 2026, PM Modi and President Lee held a Bilateral Summit at Hyderabad House, New Delhi, focusing on strengthening India–ROK relations.
• Key areas of discussion included financial services, shipbuilding, artificial intelligence (AI), energy, semiconductors, defence, green energy, trade, and people-to-people ties.
• Both countries announced a Joint Strategic Vision (2026–2030) to advance the India–ROK Special Strategic Partnership (SSP) over the next five years.
• Key outcomes include the establishment of an Industrial Cooperation Committee (ICC) and a framework for the India–Korea Digital Bridge focusing on AI, semiconductors, and IT collaboration.
• They also agreed to resume negotiations to upgrade the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).
• Additional initiatives include a Cultural Exchange Programme (2026–2030) and enhanced cooperation in sports and creative industries.

About South Korea:

• Capital: Seoul
• Currency: South Korean Won (KRW)
• President: Lee Jae Myung
• Prime Minister: Kim Min-seok

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

HDFC Life Reappoints Vibha Padalkar as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer for Another Five-Year Term

• The Board of Directors of HDFC Life Insurance Company Limited approved the reappointment of Vibha Padalkar as Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for a further five-year term, effective 12 September 2026.

About Vibha Padalkar :

• Vibha Padalkar is an experienced insurance sector professional with expertise in finance, risk management, and strategic planning.
• She joined HDFC Life in 2008 as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and was later appointed as Executive Director (ED) and CFO in 2012.
• She was elevated to the position of MD & CEO in 2018, strengthening the company’s leadership structure.
• She played a key role in the company’s successful public listing in 2017, marking a major industry milestone.
• She also led the acquisition of Exide Life Insurance in 2022, the first major merger and acquisition in India’s life insurance sector.
• She is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (since 1992) and also the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.
• She has been recognised among the ‘Most Powerful Women in Business’ for five consecutive years (2021–2025).

About HDFC Life Insurance Company Limited :

• Founded : 2000
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh Launches Robotic Orthopaedic System and Maternity Operation Theatre at Cantonment General Hospital, Delhi

• Rajesh Kumar Singh (Defence Secretary) inaugurated the Robotic Orthopaedic System and Maternity Operation Theatre at the Cantonment General Hospital on 23 April 2026.
• The event was attended by Shobha Gupta (Director General, Defence Estates) along with other dignitaries.
• The new facilities aim to provide advanced healthcare services to cantonment residents and nearby municipal populations.
• The Robotic Orthopaedic System is a major technological upgrade, enabling precision-driven surgeries, reduced recovery time, and improved patient outcomes.
• The system enhances the hospital’s ability to handle complex orthopaedic procedures with greater accuracy and efficiency.
• The Maternity Operation Theatre is designed to deliver safe and comprehensive surgical care for expectant mothers.
• The initiative reflects the Government’s focus on modernising healthcare infrastructure in cantonment areas and ensuring high-quality medical services.
• Planned short-term upgrades (within 3 months) include Dialysis Centre, Central Sterile Services Department (CSSD), ICU upgrades, and laboratory expansion.
• Planned long-term developments (within 1 year) include Paediatric ICU, Neonatal ICU, CT Scan, MRI, Cancer Screening Unit, High Dependency Unit, Multispecialty Ward, and Surgical ICU.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPS & PORTALS

Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan App 2.0 Set for Launch to Enhance Monitoring and Coordination under Drug Demand Reduction Plan

• Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) was launched on 15 August 2020 by the Department of Social Justice & Empowerment in 272 most vulnerable districts, and was expanded to all districts from 15 August 2023.
• The mission aims to create mass awareness on substance abuse and promote a drug-free India through community outreach and participation.
• So far, over 26+ crore people have been sensitized, including 9.5+ crore youth, 6.47+ crore women, and 28,000+ master volunteers, through 8.3+ lakh activities nationwide.
• The programme operates under the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction (NAPDDR), focusing on prevention, awareness, and rehabilitation.
• The Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment launched the upgraded NMBA App 2.0 as a centralised digital platform for real-time monitoring, reporting, and coordination among stakeholders.
• The app enhances transparency, accountability, and data-driven governance at National, State, District, and institutional levels.
• Existing features include activity tracking dashboards, IEC (Information, Education & Communication) materials, onboarding of Nasha Mukti Mitras (volunteers), and access to de-addiction and MANAS helplines.
• NMBA App 2.0 new features:
• Citizen access for e-Pledge, IEC materials, helpline support, and de-addiction centre details
• Dedicated role-based access for Grant-in-Aid Institutions (GIAs) for real-time reporting
• Anudan (grant) status tracking to ensure financial transparency and accountability
• ‘Nearest De-addiction Centre’ feature for quick access to treatment services
• Public feedback mechanism for continuous improvement
• The initiative reflects the Government’s push towards digital governance, efficient implementation, and strengthened institutional mechanisms in tackling drug demand reduction.

About Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment :

• Cabinet Minister : Virendra Kumar Khatik
• Minister of State : Ramdas Athawale, B. L. Verma

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Pakistan Conducts Successful Test of Homegrown Taimoor Anti-Ship Cruise Missile

• The Pakistan Navy successfully conducted a live test-firing of the indigenously developed “Taimoor” Air-Launched Anti-Ship Cruise Missile (ALCM).
• The development was announced by the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), highlighting a major boost to maritime strike capability.
• The missile system was deployed jointly by the Pakistan Navy and Pakistan Air Force (PAF), enabling coordinated air–sea and multi-domain operations.
• The test showcased the missile’s ability to detect, track, and neutralise sea-based targets with high precision at extended ranges.
• Taimoor Missile Overview: It is an indigenously developed ALCM with anti-ship capability and secondary land-attack capability.
• The missile offers precision strike capability up to approximately 600 km, providing a stand-off engagement advantage.
• The successful test validated target detection, tracking, and neutralisation efficiency, demonstrating advanced operational capability.
• The system significantly enhances naval strike strength, maritime security, deterrence capability, and defence modernisation.
• Overall, the development improves battlefield flexibility and strengthens Pakistan’s multi-domain warfare readiness.

About Pakistan:

• Capital: Islamabad
• Currency: Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
• President: Asif Ali Zardari
• Prime Minister: Shehbaz Sharif

China Completes 11.18 km Underwater High-Speed Rail Tunnel Under Yangtze River as Part of Chongming–Taicang Project

• China has completed an 11.18 km underwater high-speed rail tunnel beneath the Yangtze River, forming part of the Chongming–Taicang tunnel project.
• The total tunnel length is 14.25 km, connecting Shanghai (Chongming District) with Taicang in Jiangsu Province.
• The project was constructed using a shield tunnelling machine named “Linghang”, showcasing advanced engineering and infrastructure capability.
• Once operational, the tunnel will support bullet trains operating at speeds up to 350 km/h, significantly boosting high-speed rail connectivity in the region.
• The Yangtze River, also known as the Chang Jiang or Yangzi, is the longest river in China and Asia, and the third-longest river in the world after the Nile and Amazon rivers.
• The project enhances regional connectivity, transport efficiency, and infrastructure integration in eastern China.

China Picks Two Pakistani Astronauts for Training Ahead of Tiangong Space Station Mission

• The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced the selection of two Pakistani astronauts, marking a major step in China–Pakistan space cooperation.
• The selected candidates are “Muhammad Zeeshan Ali” and “Khurram Daud”, who will undergo advanced astronaut training in China.
• This is a significant milestone as it marks the first inclusion of foreign astronauts in China’s human spaceflight programme.
• One of the selected candidates is expected to become the first Pakistani astronaut to reach Earth’s orbit and visit the Tiangong Space Station.
• The selected astronauts will serve as reserve astronauts and may be chosen as payload specialists for future missions.
• Their role will include conducting scientific experiments, technology demonstrations, and space research activities aboard Tiangong missions.
• The collaboration strengthens China’s space diplomacy and international outreach while supporting Pakistan’s entry into human spaceflight.
• It enhances Pakistan’s scientific capabilities, technological development, and space research capacity.
• The selection follows a February 2025 agreement between China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) and Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), covering astronaut training, experiments, and joint mission cooperation.

About China:

• Capital: Beijing
• Currency: Renminbi (CNY)

 CURRENT AFFIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

NAVER Corporation and Tata Consultancy Services Sign Memorandum of Understanding on Map Services Cooperation

• NAVER Corporation, a leading Information and Communication Technology company from South Korea, signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), India’s largest Information Technology services company, for mutual cooperation in mapping services.
• The agreement was signed during the India-Korea Business Forum, where a total of 16 agreements were concluded to strengthen bilateral economic and technology cooperation.
• The Memorandum of Understanding aims to facilitate entry into India’s mapping services market through a strategic collaboration combining:
• Capabilities of Tata Group, India’s largest conglomerate
• Technological expertise of NAVER Corporation
• NAVER Corporation operates South Korea’s leading search portal NAVER and has business portfolios across:
• Commerce
• Financial Technology
• Digital content
• Community platforms
• Mapping services
• The company has made sustained investments in advanced technologies such as:
• Artificial Intelligence
• Cloud computing
• Robotics
• Mobility solutions
• The Memorandum of Understanding was signed by:
• Choi Soo Yeon, Chief Executive Officer of NAVER Corporation
• Ujjwal Mathur, President (India Market), Tata Consultancy Services
• The collaboration is expected to support technology-driven mapping solutions development and strengthen India–South Korea digital cooperation.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND REPORTS

Brazil Overtakes India as Top Corn Exporter to Bangladesh

• Brazil has overtaken India as the largest exporter of corn (maize) to Bangladesh, signalling a major shift in regional agricultural trade.
• For a long time, India dominated Bangladesh’s corn market due to:
• Competitive pricing
• Geographical proximity
• Faster delivery timelines
• Since 2024, India’s export capacity declined mainly because:
• Rising domestic demand for maize
• Increased diversion of maize for ethanol blending with fuel
• Higher domestic prices making exports less competitive
• Reduced availability of surplus maize for export markets
• India’s ethanol blending programme aims to:
• Reduce dependence on fossil fuels
• Promote cleaner energy
• Strengthen domestic energy security
• However, it has increased competition between food and fuel use of maize, reducing export availability and affecting India’s global competitiveness in grain exports
• Brazil capitalised on this opportunity by:
• Expanding large-scale maize production
• Offering competitive pricing despite longer shipping distances
• Ensuring consistent supply volumes
• Meeting Bangladesh’s rising demand from the animal feed and poultry sectors
• Capturing a significant share of Bangladesh’s growing feed grain market
• Major global maize exporters include:
• Brazil
• United States
• Argentina
• Countries with strong livestock sectors such as Bangladesh import maize mainly to support feed requirements, while global maize prices are influenced by weather conditions, biofuel policies, and supply chain logistics.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Athletics Integrity Unit Places India in Category A Over Rising Doping Violations

• The Athletics Integrity Unit (AIU) placed India in Category A, classifying it as a high-risk nation for doping violations, following consistently high Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) between 2022 and 2025.
• According to AIU data, India recorded:
• 48 ADRVs in 2022 (Rank 2nd)
• 63 ADRVs in 2023 (Rank 2nd)
• 71 ADRVs in 2024 (Rank 1st)
• 30 ADRVs in 2025 (so far) (Rank 1st)
• Indian athletes have also frequently featured among the highest numbers of violations reported by the National Anti-Doping Agency.
• Category A classification requires:
• Extensive annual testing programmes
• Increased monitoring of national-level athletes
• Stricter compliance with international anti-doping standards
• Greater global oversight and scrutiny, especially during events like the Olympic Games and World Championships
• AIU Chair David Howman highlighted concerns regarding:
• The high prevalence of doping cases over several years
• The need for stronger testing systems
• Greater enforcement and anti-doping education initiatives
• The Athletics Federation of India accepted the AIU’s decision and announced corrective steps, including:
• Strengthening anti-doping education programmes
• Enhancing testing mechanisms
• Supporting intelligence-based investigations
• Proposing stricter penalties for coaches and support staff involved in doping
• Adille Sumariwalla, spokesperson of the Athletics Federation of India, also advocated for the criminalisation of doping activities, particularly targeting suppliers and facilitators of banned substances.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Ex-Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Nadendla Bhaskara Rao passed away at 90

• Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, former Chief Minister of undivided Andhra Pradesh, passed away at the age of 90 years in Hyderabad,
• He was born on 23 June 1935 in Guntur, then part of the Madras Presidency (British India), now in Andhra Pradesh.
• He served as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 16 August to 16 September 1984 (31 days), marking one of the shortest tenures in the state’s history.
• He assumed office during the absence of N. T. Rama Rao.
• He was elected as an MLA from Vijayawada East in 1978 and served as a minister (1978–1989) under Marri Chenna Reddy and Anjaiah.
• He was a co-founder of the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) in 1982 along with N. T. Rama Rao.
• After the TDP’s 1983 electoral victory, he served as the Finance Minister of Andhra Pradesh.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

World Malaria Day 2026 – April 25

• World Malaria Day is observed annually on April 25 across the world to raise awareness about prevention, control, and elimination of Malaria.
• The observance reinforces Global Fund Investment priorities such as:
• Advancing quality healthcare
• Building health system resilience
• Supporting global efforts toward ending malaria
• The day highlights that investments in malaria elimination:
• Save lives
• Support economic growth
• Strengthen preparedness for future health threats
• Contribute to achieving a safer world
• World Malaria Day was first observed in 2008 and evolved from Africa Malaria Day, which had been observed since 2001 by African governments to assess progress in controlling malaria and reducing mortality.
• In 2007, during the 60th session of the World Health Assembly, the World Health Organization proposed changing Africa Malaria Day to World Malaria Day to recognise the presence of malaria across countries worldwide and to strengthen global awareness and cooperation in the fight against malaria.

Daily CA One- Liner: April 25

• The Government of India approved over ₹460 crore financial assistance to Alliance Air in the form of a loan to help restore grounded aircraft and revive operations
• The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) began a major conservation project at the Konark Sun Temple, a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Site, to restore the structure and ensure its long-term stability
• Dhar, Madhya Pradesh has been selected under the Safe Cities Project 2026, a major initiative to improve women’s safety and urban infrastructure in the city
• Shri Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Union Minister of Ministry of Communications and Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region, released the revised guidelines for the Technology Development and Investment Promotion Scheme of the Department of Telecommunications in New Delhi
• Eveready Industries India Limited inaugurated India’s only operating alkaline battery manufacturing facility in Samba district of Jammu and Kashmir
• C. R. Patil, Union Minister of Ministry of Jal Shakti, launched the 9th edition of India International Water Week 2026, India’s flagship global water event, at Shram Shakti Bhavan in New Delhi.
• NAVER Corporation, a leading Information and Communication Technology company from South Korea, signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), India’s largest Information Technology services company, for mutual cooperation in mapping services
• Brazil has overtaken India as the largest exporter of corn (maize) to Bangladesh, signalling a major shift in regional agricultural trade
• The Athletics Integrity Unit (AIU) placed India in Category A, classifying it as a high-risk nation for doping violations, following consistently high Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) between 2022 and 2025
• World Malaria Day is observed annually on April 25 across the world to raise awareness about prevention, control, and elimination of Malaria.
• Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited (MCX) received approval from the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to invest in a proposed Coal Exchange company, marking its expansion into the energy trading ecosystem.
• Pay Point India Network, a leading fintech company, became the first private-sector fintech firm to secure membership in the Centralised Payment System (CPS) operated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• Punjab National Bank (PNB) entered into a strategic partnership with fintech firm Kiwi to launch a co-branded RuPay credit card named “PNB Kiwi Credit Card” integrated with Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
• The Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) card scheme has gained prominence in India’s engagement with the Indian-origin community in Sri Lanka.
• Lee Jae Myung, the President of the Republic of Korea (ROK), paid a State Visit to India from 19–21 April 2026 at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, marking the first South Korean Presidential visit to India in eight years.
• The Board of Directors of HDFC Life Insurance Company Limited approved the reappointment of Vibha Padalkar as Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for a further five-year term, effective 12 September 2026.
• Rajesh Kumar Singh (Defence Secretary) inaugurated the Robotic Orthopaedic System and Maternity Operation Theatre at the Cantonment General Hospital on 23 April 2026.
• Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) was launched on 15 August 2020 by the Department of Social Justice & Empowerment in 272 most vulnerable districts, and was expanded to all districts from 15 August 2023.
• The Pakistan Navy successfully conducted a live test-firing of the indigenously developed “Taimoor” Air-Launched Anti-Ship Cruise Missile (ALCM).
• China has completed an 18 km underwater high-speed rail tunnel beneath the Yangtze River, forming part of the Chongming–Taicang tunnel project.
• The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced the selection of two Pakistani astronauts, marking a major step in China–Pakistan space cooperation.
• Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, former Chief Minister of undivided Andhra Pradesh, passed away at the age of 90 years in Hyderabad,