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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Reserve Bank of India Announces Compensation Framework of Up to ₹25,000 for Victims of Small-Value Digital Frauds

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a compensation framework for victims of small-value digital frauds, offering relief of up to ₹25,000 per customer.
• The scheme provides a once-in-a-lifetime benefit for bank customers who lose money in small-value fraudulent transactions, including cases involving shared OTPs.

Key Highlights :

• Under the framework, RBI will bear 70% of the loss (up to ₹25,000), while the remaining 30% will be shared equally by the customer (15%) and the bank (15%).
• The compensation will be paid from the Depositor Education and Awareness Fund (DEAF), which has a current corpus of around ₹85,000 crore.
• The announcement was made by RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra after the 59th Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting
• The framework aims at enhancing customer protection and addressing the surge in digital frauds, particularly those below ₹50,000, which form a large share of fraud cases.
• RBI plans to issue three draft guidelines for customer protection: mis-selling of financial products, recovery of loans and engagement of recovery agents, and limiting liability of customers in unauthorised electronic banking transactions.
• The extant instructions on limiting liability of customers in unauthorised transactions were issued in 2017 and have now been reviewed in view of rapid adoption of technology.
• RBI also plans to publish a discussion paper on measures to enhance the safety of digital payments, including lagged credits and additional authentication for specific users such as senior citizens.
• For mis-selling prevention, RBI will issue comprehensive instructions to regulated entities (REs) on advertising, marketing, and sales of financial products and services.
• RBI announced Mission SAKSHAM (Sahakari Bank Kshamta Nirman) for capacity building of Urban Cooperative Banks (UCBs) to strengthen skills, competencies, technical capabilities, and operational resilience.
• Mission SAKSHAM will cover about1.40 lakh participants across functions through physical training programmes and a scalable learning platform, with content delivery in regional languages wherever feasible.
• The mission will be implemented in partnership with umbrella organisations of UCBs and national/state federations, aiming to secure the next phase of growth for the cooperative banking sector.

Reserve Bank of India to Double Collateral-Free Loan Limit for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises to ₹20 Lakh from April 1, 2026

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced plans to double the limit for collateral-free loans for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) from ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh, effective April 1, 2026, to boost credit access for the micro, small, and medium sector.
• MSME collateral-free loans are provided under the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) with a current limit of up to ₹10 lakh, covering manufacturing, services, and related sectors.
• The loans under PMMY are divided into four categories (including the new addition):
• Shishu: up to ₹50,000
• Kishore: ₹50,001–₹5 lakh
• Tarun: ₹5 lakh–₹10 lakh
• Tarun Plus: ₹10 lakh–₹20 lakh (for those who have successfully repaid previous Tarun loans).
• An enterprise is classified as micro, small, or medium based on investment in plant and machinery or equipment and turnover:
• Micro enterprise: Investment ≤ ₹2.5 crore, Turnover ≤ ₹10 crore
• Small enterprise: Investment ≤ ₹25 crore, Turnover ≤ ₹100 crore
• Medium enterprise: Investment ≤ ₹125 crore, Turnover ≤ ₹500 crore
• Collateral-free loans provide instant funds for businesses without risking assets with the financial institution.

Reserve Bank of India Removes ₹2.5 Lakh Crore Investment Cap for Foreign Portfolio Investors under Voluntary Retention Route

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has removed the ₹2.5 lakh crore investment limit for Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) under the Voluntary Retention Route (VRR).
• The move aims to improve operational flexibility and ease of doing business for foreign investors in India’s debt market, effective from April 2026.
• Under the revised framework, investments via VRR will now count under the overall FPI debt investment limits, instead of a separate sub-limit.
• FPIs must still comply with a minimum retention period of three years under the VRR.
• Existing overall caps remain unchanged: Government bonds – 6%, Corporate bonds – 15%, State Development Loans (SDLs) – 2% of outstanding stock.
• The VRR was introduced in March 2019 to encourage stable, long-term foreign investment; over 80% of the earlier limit had already been utilized.
• The changes amend the Foreign Exchange Management (Debt Instruments) Regulations, 2019 and the Master Direction – RBI (Non-resident Investment in Debt Instruments) Directions, 2025.
• RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra stated that VRR investments in each category will be subject to the investment ceiling under the General Route.
• The VRR route was designed to attract long-term, stable foreign debt flows by offering exemptions in return for a lock-in commitment.
• Foreign investors have been net sellers of ₹900 crore in the current fiscal year, compared to net purchases of ₹6,700 crore in the previous fiscal year.
• After government bonds were included in three global indexes, the preference for using the VRR window has reduced, and removing the limit is not expected to trigger a major surge in inflows.

India Contributes USD 35.18 Million to UN 2026 Regular Budget, Enters ‘Honour Roll’

• The Government of India (GoI) paid USD 35.18 million to the United Nations (UN) Regular Budget for 2026.
• Following this payment, India joined the UN’s ‘honour roll’ alongside 51 member states who paid their regular budget dues in full and on time.
• India’s total assessed contribution to the UN budget stands at USD 38.223 million, with USD 3.091 million offset against staff income taxes.
• India contributed 1.016% to the UN’s regular budget of USD 3.45 billion.
• This contribution supports core UN operational expenses, excluding peacekeeping activities.
• The 193-member UN General Assembly (UNGA) approved the USD 3.45 billion regular budget for 2026 in December 2025.
• The UN budget covers the organisation’s three main pillars: peace and security, sustainable development, and human rights.
• As of February 4, 2026, 51 member states have paid their regular budget assessments in full, within the 30-day due period specified in the UN financial regulations.

 CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs Approves Over 3.53 Lakh Houses Under PMAY-U 2.0

• The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) approved construction of over 3.53 lakh houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban 2.0 (PMAY-U 2.0).
• The approval was granted in the first meeting of the Central Sanctioning and Monitoring Committee (CSMC).
• The meeting was chaired by MoHUA Secretary Srinivas Katikithala.
• A total of 3,52,915 houses were sanctioned under:
• Beneficiary Led Construction (BLC)
• Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP)
• The sanctioned houses will be constructed across 10 States and Union Territories:
• Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh
• Women empowerment focus:
• Over 2.67 lakh houses approved for women beneficiaries, including single women and widows.
• 90 houses allocated to transgender beneficiaries.
• Social category-wise allocation:
• Scheduled Castes (SC): 80,850 houses
• Scheduled Tribes (ST): 15,928 houses
• Other Backward Classes (OBC): 2,12,603 houses
• Special initiative by Uttar Pradesh:
• Additional ₹30,000 for senior citizens above 70 years.
• Additional ₹20,000 each for:
• Unmarried women above 40 years
• Widows
• Separated women
• PMAY-U 2.0 was launched in September 2024.
• The scheme is under implementation with Memorandums of Agreement signed with 31 States and Union Territories.
• It aims to benefit one crore urban poor and middle-class families over five years.
• Four verticals of PMAY-U 2.0:
• Beneficiary Led Construction (BLC)
• Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP)
• Affordable Rental Housing (ARH)
• Interest Subsidy Scheme (ISS)
• Eligibility and financial assistance:
• Beneficiaries from EWS, LIG, and MIG categories without a pucca house are eligible.
• Central assistance of ₹2.50 lakh per housing unit.
• Total government assistance: ₹2.30 lakh crore.
• Estimated total investment: ₹10 lakh crore.
• Progress under PMAY-U (since June 2015):
• 118.64 lakh houses sanctioned
• Around 92 lakh houses constructed and delivered

Airbus Inaugurates Centre of Excellence for Aerospace Studies at Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya

• Airbus inaugurated a Centre of Excellence (CoE) for aerospace studies at Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV), Vadodara, Gujarat.
• GSV is India’s industry-driven Central University dedicated to the transportation and logistics sector.
• The CoE marks a major milestone in the long-term collaboration between Airbus and GSV to strengthen India’s aerospace ecosystem.
• The Centre will focus on research, innovation, and talent development in the aerospace sector.
• A key focus area of the CoE is Research and Development on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF).
• The Centre will also support student-led innovations in future aerospace technologies.
• The CoE was announced in 2024 and inaugurated by Jürgen Westermeier, President and Managing Director, Airbus India and South Asia.
• Airbus highlighted its commitment to cutting-edge technologies, including converting Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) into Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF).
• The initiative aligns with the Government of India’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat vision.
• Airbus–GSV collaboration aims to empower students with industry-relevant skills and support India’s future aviation ecosystem.
• Under the partnership, 45 meritorious and underprivileged students are supported through a full scholarship programme.
• One-third of the scholarships are reserved for women.
• Airbus has also established an Airbus Chair Professorship for Aerospace Studies at GSV.
• The Chair supports undergraduate, postgraduate, and short-term executive programmes.
• A Joint Study Agreement (JSA) has been signed to promote high-impact research.
• The JSA provides grants for R&D focused on converting MSW into SAF, promoting a locally sourced circular economy for aviation fuel.
• Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya was established as a Central University in 2022 through an Act of Parliament.
• GSV is India’s only university dedicated to the transportation and logistics sector.
• The university covers Railways, Aviation, Highways, Ports, Maritime, Shipping, Inland Waterways, Urban Transport, Logistics, and Supply Chains.
• Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw, Union Minister for Railways, Information and Broadcasting, and Electronics and Information Technology, serves as the Chancellor of GSV.
• The initiative supports the broader national vision of Viksit Bharat by 2047.

RECENT NEWS

• The Tata Group, in partnership with Airbus, is launching India’s first private-sector helicopter Final Assembly Line (FAL) at Vemagal in Karnataka to produce the Airbus H125 helicopter. This initiative marks a significant milestone for India’s aerospace industry, as the facility will assemble, test, and deliver both civil and military versions of the H125. 

PLASTINDIA 2026 to be Held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi

• PLASTINDIA 2026, one of the world’s largest plastics exhibitions, will be held from 5 February to 10 February 2026 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
• The six-day global exhibition will bring together industry leaders, policymakers, innovators, start-ups, and international exhibitors on a single platform.3
• PLASTINDIA 2026 highlights India’s growing role in global manufacturing, sustainability, and innovation, especially in the plastics sector, a key contributor to the national economy.
• PLASTINDIA is a globally recognised exhibition showcasing advancements in plastics processing, machinery, raw materials, and sustainable solutions.
• The 2026 edition is organised with support from the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
• Over the years, PLASTINDIA has served as a major global meeting point for manufacturers, suppliers, and buyers, helping Indian industries connect with international markets and advanced technologies.
• The theme of PLASTINDIA 2026 is “Bharat Next”.
• The theme aligns with the national vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat, as envisaged by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• The exhibition focuses on manufacturing-led growth, export promotion, and employment generation, built around the four pillars of Men, Material, Machine, and Markets.
• The vision of PLASTINDIA 2026 also revolves around five strategic elements: Trade, Technology, Talent, Tradition, and Tourism.
• The Indian plastics industry is currently valued at around ₹3–3.5 lakh crore and is on a strong growth trajectory.
• As India moves towards becoming a USD 10 trillion economy, the plastics sector is expected to play a crucial role in infrastructure development, consumer goods manufacturing, and global supply chain integration.
• Events like PLASTINDIA 2026 strengthen India’s position as a global manufacturing and innovation hub.

NITI Aayog Drafts Blueprint to Make Andhra Pradesh a Clean Energy Hub by 2035

• NITI Aayog released a draft clean energy blueprint to transform Andhra Pradesh into a major renewable energy hub by 2035.
• The draft plan was presented by BVR Subrahmanyam, Chief Executive Officer, NITI Aayog, to the Andhra Pradesh Government in Vijayawada.
• The blueprint focuses on clean power generation, energy storage, grid modernisation, and affordable electricity, under the ASSET (Accelerating Sustainable State Energy Transition) platform.
• The plan proposes massive investments of around ₹7.5 lakh crore to support Andhra Pradesh’s clean energy transition.
• Of this, ₹3.3–₹3.4 lakh crore is earmarked for domestic energy transition, while ₹4–₹4.2 lakh crore is planned to develop Andhra Pradesh as a renewable energy export hub.
• Nearly 90% of the total investment is expected from private sector players, highlighting strong private participation.
• The investment push is expected to generate 5–6 lakh new jobs, significantly boosting the State’s economy.
• Currently, about 47% of Andhra Pradesh’s power generation comes from renewable sources.
• By 2035, the State aims to add 35 gigawatt solar power, 12 gigawatt wind power, and 55–60 gigawatt hour energy storage for domestic consumption.
• For national-level renewable energy exports, targets include 30 gigawatt solar, 25–30 gigawatt wind, and 10–12 gigawatt pumped storage capacity.
• A major highlight of the blueprint is the promise of low-cost electricity.
• Power purchase costs are estimated at ₹3.90–₹4 per unit, while overall supply costs are expected to remain below ₹6 per unit.
• Lower power costs are expected to benefit households, farmers, and industries, improve farm incomes, enhance industrial competitiveness, and reduce subsidy burdens on the State government.
• To support renewable expansion, the plan proposes ₹65,000–₹70,000 crore investment in transmission infrastructure, including green energy corridors, Gas Insulated Substations, and High Voltage Direct Current lines.
• An additional ₹40,000 crore will be invested in strengthening power distribution networks.
• The blueprint also includes distributed solar projects for agriculture to ensure daytime power supply and reduce subsidy pressure.
• The draft plan will be finalised by March 2026 and submitted to the Central Steering Committee.
• Implementation is expected to begin by mid-March 2026, with a dedicated Energy War Room to monitor execution and resolve bottlenecks.
• Officials stated that the blueprint aligns with Swarna Andhra Vision and the State’s long-term industrial growth strategy.
• ASSET (Accelerating Sustainable State Energy Transition) is a NITI Aayog initiative that helps states plan long-term clean energy transitions, focusing on affordability, reliability, private investment, and climate goals.
• Andhra Pradesh is among the first states to receive a detailed clean energy roadmap under the ASSET platform.

RECENT NEWS

• India’s ambition to become a global education hub has received strong validation. A recent NITI Aayog report on the globalization of higher education has lauded Gujarat’s early initiative of establishing the Gujarat Biotechnology University (GBU) at GIFT City, calling it a benchmark model aligned with national education reforms.

About Andhra Pradesh:

• Chief Minister: N. Chandrababu Naidu 
• Governor: S. Abdul Nazeer
• Capital: Amaravati
• National Parks: Sri Venkateswara National Park, Papikonda National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary, Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary, Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary

Centre Signs Tripartite Pact to Create Frontier Nagaland Territorial Authority (FNTA)

• Central Government, Nagaland Government, and Eastern Nagaland Peoples Organization (ENPO) signed a tripartite agreement to create the Frontier Nagaland Territorial Authority (FNTA).
• The agreement was signed in New Delhi in the presence of Union Home Minister Amit Shah and Nagaland Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio.
• The pact aims to address the long-standing demand of eastern Nagaland by providing greater autonomy and development, without creating a separate state.
• Frontier Nagaland Territorial Authority (FNTA) is a proposed autonomous administrative body within Nagaland, described as a unique governance model.
• FNTA will cover six eastern districts of Nagaland: Tuensang, Mon, Kiphire, Longleng, Noklak, and Shamator.
• Under the agreement, 46 subjects will be devolved to FNTA, enabling greater local decision-making and administrative autonomy.
• A mini-secretariat headed by an Additional Chief Secretary or Principal Secretary will be established for FNTA.
• The demand for autonomy originated from long-standing grievances of eastern Nagaland, including underdevelopment, neglect, and lack of political representation.
• ENPO, representing eight tribes across the six districts, had been demanding a separate state since 2010.
• Over time, ENPO agreed to the Centre’s proposal of enhanced autonomy instead of full statehood, making FNTA a middle path between unity and regional aspirations.
• The FNTA agreement provides for shared development funding, with budgetary allocation proportional to population and area.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs will support the initial establishment costs of the FNTA.
• FNTA will have enhanced financial powers, faster administrative approvals, and focused infrastructure planning.
• The Centre stated that the arrangement will ensure economic empowerment, optimal resource utilisation, and accelerated development of eastern Nagaland.
• A key assurance of the agreement is that Article 371(A) of the Constitution remains unaffected.
• Article 371(A) provides special constitutional protections to Nagaland related to customary laws, land ownership, and social practices.
• The government clarified that FNTA is purely an administrative arrangement and does not dilute Nagaland’s constitutional safeguards.
• Eastern Nagaland shares a border with Myanmar, giving it strategic importance for internal security and regional connectivity.
• The region has historically lagged behind in infrastructure and economic development, necessitating special administrative measures.
• The creation of FNTA is seen as a significant step towards peace, inclusion, and balanced regional development in the Northeast, while maintaining the existing state structure.

RECENT NEWS

• The Government has launched the State-Level Watershed Mahotsav 2025 along with Mission Watershed Punarutthan at Naga Solidarity Park in Kohima. The programme focuses on protecting natural water sources, improving soil health and helping rural communities manage water better.

About Nagaland:

• Chief Minister: Neiphiu Rio
• Governor: Ajay Kumar Bhalla
• Capital: Kohima
• National Parks: Intanki National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Puliebadze Wildlife Sanctuary, Rangapahar Wildlife Sanctuary

Delhi Police Launches Operation Shastra Against Social Media Misuse

• Delhi Police launched a city-wide crackdown named ‘Operation Shastra’ to curb the misuse of social media platforms for intimidation and fear-mongering.
• The operation targets individuals who post photos with weapons, use abusive language, or project criminal dominance online.
• According to the Delhi Police, such online behaviour often creates psychological fear and can escalate into real-world law and order problems.
• S K Jain, Joint Commissioner of Police (Southern Range), stated that social media is increasingly being used to signal criminal power and intimidate rivals, necessitating preventive action.
• Operation Shastra is designed as a preventive policing measure to stop crimes before they occur, rather than reacting after incidents take place.
• A key focus of the operation is to curb fear-mongering through images of firearms, sharp weapons, and threatening captions on digital platforms.
• Police officials noted that such content can fuel gang rivalries and influence vulnerable youth, increasing the risk of violence.
• The operation involved large-scale mobilisation of police resources across Delhi.
• During the operation, over 6,000 social media profiles were scrutinised by the police.
• Based on verified evidence, 61 FIRs were registered under relevant provisions of the Indian Penal Code and Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
• Following the registration of FIRs, 83 accused persons were apprehended.
• Delhi Police clarified that action was taken only after due verification, to avoid harassment of innocent social media users.
• Senior officers described Operation Shastra as part of a broader strategy of preventive policing.
• The operation reflects the integration of cyber surveillance with conventional policing, treating digital behaviour as an early warning signal for potential criminal activity.
• Preventive operations like Operation Shastra aim to reduce crime proactively and restore public confidence in law enforcement.

Government Expands Startup India Framework to Include Deep Tech Startups

• Government of India expanded the Startup India framework to formally include deep technology startups, recognising their long research cycles and high capital requirements.
• Under the revised framework, deep tech startups will be recognised for 20 years, compared to 10 years for regular startups.
• The turnover cap for deep tech startups has been increased to ₹300 crore, while the limit for regular startups remains ₹200 crore.
• For the first time, the government has created a separate regulatory category for deep tech startups, marking a shift from short-term scalability to long-term innovation.
• The new definition acknowledges that deep tech companies require longer gestation periods, sustained research and development, and continuous innovation before achieving commercial success.
• As per the new rules, a deep tech startup must be based on new scientific or engineering knowledge.
• Such startups must demonstrate a high proportion of expenditure on research and development and should own or be developing novel intellectual property, with clear plans for commercialisation.
• The clarified definition provides regulatory certainty to sectors such as artificial intelligence, robotics, clean technology, advanced materials, biotechnology, and space technology.
• Startup recognition will continue through the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) portal.
• Applicants must submit incorporation documents and a write-up explaining innovation or scalability, while deep tech startups must additionally provide evidence of R&D intensity and intellectual property creation.
• Regular startups exit the framework after 10 years or upon crossing ₹200 crore turnover, whichever is earlier.
• Deep tech startups lose recognition after 20 years or when turnover exceeds ₹300 crore, whichever comes earlier.
• Recognised startups, including deep tech firms, are eligible to apply for income tax exemption under Section 80-IAC of the Income Tax Act, subject to approval by the Inter-Ministerial Board.
• The move aligns with national objectives such as Atmanirbhar Bharat, advanced manufacturing, and transforming India into a technology-driven economy by 2047.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

New York City,United States of America Becomes Member of World Health Organization’s Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network

• New York City,United States of America (USA) joined the World Health Organization (WHO)’s Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), strengthening global public health cooperation.
• Earlier, Illinois (USA) became part of GOARN on 3 February 2026.
• GOARN is a WHO-coordinated global network, established in 2000, comprising 360+ institutions
• It functions under the United Nations (UN) Health Network framework, coordinated by WHO.
• The primary objective of GOARN is early detection, monitoring, and rapid response to disease outbreaks and public health emergencies.
• GOARN surveillance mechanisms aggregate global disease reports, signals, and alerts from WHO Member States, hospitals, laboratories, and partner institutions.
• The network supports capacity building by providing training, technical guidance, and expert support to strengthen national and local public health systems.
• GOARN promotes best practices in outbreak preparedness and response across regions.
• Indian partner institutions under GOARN include Empower School of Health, ICMR–National Institute of Epidemiology (NIE), Manipal Institute of Virology, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), National Institute of Virology (NIV), Population Council Institute, and The INCLEN Trust International.

Union Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar’s United States of America Visit Highlights, February 2–4, 2026

• Union Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), visited the United States of America (USA) from February 2–4, 2026 to participate in the Critical Minerals Ministerial Meeting in Washington D.C.
• On February 3, 2026, he held bilateral meetings with Marco Rubio (US Secretary of State) and Scott Bessent (US Treasury Secretary) to discuss strengthening economic partnership and strategic cooperation.
• On February 4, 2026, he attended the inaugural Critical Minerals Ministerial, a multilateral forum convened by Marco Rubio, highlighting risks of excessive concentration in critical mineral production and processing.
• Dr.S.Jaishankar announced India’s support for the FORGE Initiative (Forum on Resource Geostrategic Engagement), a global initiative to strengthen cooperation in critical minerals supply chains.
• The FORGE Initiative will be chaired by the Republic of Korea until June 2026.
• The USA President Donald J. Trump launched Project Vault, a strategic minerals reserve initiative, aimed at reducing USA’s reliance on foreign countries for critical minerals.
• Project Vault Funding: Total funding is about USD 12 billion, including USD 10 billion from US Export-Import Bank and around USD 2 billion from private sector investments.

About USA :

• President : Donald J. Trump
• Headquarters : Washington D.C
• Currency : United States Dollar (USD).

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Indian Educator Rouble Nagi Wins Global Teacher Prize 2026

• Indian educator and social activist Rouble Nagi won the Global Teacher Prize 2026 at the World Government Summit held in Dubai.
• She received a cash award of USD 1 million, making it one of the highest-value awards in the education sector globally.
• The award is presented by GEMS Education and was handed over by Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.
• Rouble Nagi was honoured for her grassroots education work through the Rouble Nagi Art Foundation, focusing on children from slum and marginalised communities.
• She has established more than 800 learning centres across India, supporting children who are out of school as well as school-going children.
• Her unique “Living Walls” learning model uses educational murals painted on walls to teach literacy, mathematics, science, and history.
• These murals convert public spaces and slum walls into open classrooms, making education accessible, visual, and inclusive.
• Rouble Nagi began her journey 24 years ago with just 30 children in a small workshop.
• Over the years, her initiative has expanded to reach over one million children across various regions.
• The Global Teacher Prize was launched in 2015 and is often referred to as the “Nobel Prize for Teaching”.
• Rouble Nagi is the 10th recipient of the Global Teacher Prize.
• Previous winners include teachers from Kenya, Palestine, Canada, and Saudi Arabia, known for impactful education work in challenging environments.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND REPORTS

Delhi Tops World’s Most Affordable Student Cities Ranking: QS Best Student Cities 2026

• Delhi has been ranked 1st globally as the world’s most affordable city for international students.
• The ranking is based on a joint report by Knight Frank, Deloitte India, and QS.
• The report is titled “India’s 155 Million Student Mandate” and was released on Wednesday.
• Mumbai secured the 11th position, while Bengaluru ranked 15th globally.
• The ranking forms part of the QS Best Student Cities 2026 assessment.
• A total of 150 cities worldwide were evaluated in the ranking.
• Cities were assessed across six equally weighted categories:
• Affordability
• Employer activity
• University rankings
• City desirability
• Student voice
• Student mix
• India holds a strong competitive advantage in the affordability parameter.
• The report stated that affordability is a decisive factor for international students and parents.
• Tuition fees, living costs, and purchasing power in Indian cities compare very favourably with major education hubs in the United Kingdom, United States, Europe, and Australia.
• Lower costs result in reduced student debt and a better return on investment due to strong employability outcomes.
• Global universities are increasingly viewing India both as a source of students and as a destination for academic expansion.
• India has the world’s largest 18–23 age population, with nearly 155 million young adults.
• The country is shifting from being a traditional outbound student market to a core destination for offshore university campuses.
• According to Knight Frank India, India is poised to become a strategically critical global destination for higher education expansion.
• This growth is driven by policy reforms, demographic scale, and urban readiness.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Toyota Motor Corporation Names CFO Kenta Kon as President & CEO from April 1, 2026

• Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) appointed Kenta Kon, its Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as the new President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) effective from 1st April 2026.
• Kenta Kon will replace Koji Sato, who will take up new roles as Vice Chairman and Chief Industry Officer (CIO) at TMC.
• Kenta Kon joined Toyota Motor Corporation in 1991, building a long career within the company.
• He is recognised for his expertise in financial discipline, cost control, and close strategic collaboration with Chairman Akio Toyoda.
• Prior to this elevation, he served as a Director at Woven by Toyota (technology unit) and Toyota Fudosan (real estate unit).
• Following his promotion, Yoichi Miyazaki, Executive Vice President, has been appointed as the new Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Toyota Motor Corporation.

About Toyota Motor Corporation :

• Founded : August 28, 1937
• Headquarters : Toyota City, Aichi, Japan
• Chairman : Akio Toyoda

CURRENT AFFAIRS : ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

Reserve Bank of India Clears Blackstone’s Acquisition of Up to 9.99% Shareholding in Federal Bank                                

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved American private equity firm Blackstone to acquire up to 9.99% stake in Federal Bank Limited, a private sector bank in India.
• This investment is set to become one of the largest private equity investments in India’s private banking sector.
• In December 2025, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) had already approved Blackstone’s proposal to acquire the stake through convertible warrants.
• Under the proposed deal, Blackstone will invest ₹6,196.51 crore (around USD 700 million) in Federal Bank.
• The investment will be made via Blackstone’s subsidiary Asia II Topco XIII Pte Ltd through a preferential issue on a private placement basis.
• After completion of the transaction, Blackstone will have the right to nominate one director to the Federal Bank Board, provided its shareholding remains at or above 5%.
• The deal highlights growing foreign private equity interest in India’s banking and financial services sector.

Corporate Affairs Ministry Clears Amalgamation of 17 POWERGRID Subsidiaries into Two Units

• The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) approved two composite schemes of arrangement for merger and amalgamation of 17 wholly-owned subsidiaries of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL / POWERGRID).
• The mergers are part of a major corporate restructuring initiative aimed at streamlining POWERGRID’s subsidiary structure.
• The effective date of amalgamation for both schemes is 1 April 2024.
• The objective of restructuring includes simplification of corporate structure, cost reduction, improved operational and financial efficiency, and stronger execution of large transmission projects.
• Under the merger framework, all assets, liabilities, and operations of the transferor companies will be vested in the transferee companies.
• The MCA orders are binding on the shareholders and creditors of both transferor and transferee entities.
• The restructuring consolidates project-specific Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) into larger functional entities.
• The merger is carried out through two distinct schemes: Scheme Group-A and Scheme Group-B.
• Under Scheme Group-A, 12 wholly-owned subsidiaries will be merged into POWERGRID Khavda II-C Transmission Limited.
• Under Scheme Group-B, 5 wholly-owned subsidiaries will be merged into POWERGRID Vataman Transmission Limited.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Coast Guard Commemorates 50 Years of Dedicated Service on Raising Day

• The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) is commemorating its 50th Raising Day on 1 February 2026, marking five decades of dedicated service to the nation.
• The ICG was raised on 1 February 1977 with just seven surface platforms and has grown into a formidable maritime force.
• Currently, the ICG operates 155 ships and 80 aircraft, with a target to reach 200 surface platforms and 100 aircraft by 2030.
• The force is popularly known as Bharatiya Tatrakshak and safeguards India’s maritime interests.
• The ICG is responsible for maritime law enforcement, coastal security, search and rescue, marine environmental protection, and humanitarian assistance.
• It maintains surveillance over two million square kilometres of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and more than 11,000 kilometres of coastline.
• The ICG aligns with Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India initiatives by inducting indigenously built ships, aircraft, helicopters, and advanced surveillance systems.
• Over five decades, the ICG has evolved into a versatile and highly respected maritime organisation.

About Indian Coast Guard :

• Formed : 18 August 1978
• Headquarters : New Delhi
• Director General : Paramesh Sivamani (26th DG of the force)

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Apogee Aerospace Orders 15 Amphibian Aircraft from Australia’s Amphibian Aerospace Industries for ₹3,500 Crore

• Apogee Aerospace Private Limited, an air defence company, placed an order worth ₹3,500 crore for 15 amphibian aircraft (seaplanes) with Amphibian Aerospace Industries (AAI), Australia.
• The order is part of the AAI–Apogee Aerospace partnership to develop an amphibian aviation ecosystem in India, anchored on AAI’s Albatross 2.0 platform.
• Apogee Aerospace will invest an additional ₹500 crore to establish tail-section manufacturing, Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) facilities, training & simulation infrastructure, and advanced integration capabilities in India.
• Under the collaboration, Apogee Aerospace has been designated as AAI’s exclusive authorised representative for the Indian subcontinent (restricted category) covering defence and government requirements.
• The Albatross 2.0 is the world’s first transport-category amphibious aircraft in the Registered Passenger Transport (RPT)
• It is certified by both the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA).
• The aircraft has a maximum seating capacity of 28 passengers and is capable of operating on both water and land.

India Successfully Test-Fires Agni-III IRBM from Chandipur Integrated Test Range, Odisha

• India successfully test-fired the Agni-III intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur, Odisha, on 6 February 2026.
• The launch was conducted under the supervision of the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) as part of a routine training exercise to validate operational and technical preparedness.
• Agni-III has been developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• It is a two-stage, solid-fuelled ballistic missile with a strike range exceeding 3,000 km (typically 3,000–3,500 km).
• The missile can carry a payload of 1.5 tonnes with an estimated yield of 200–300 kilotons.
• Agni-III is capable of carrying both conventional and nuclear warheads, forming a key component of India’s credible minimum deterrence
• The missile is surface-to-surface and can be deployed from rail and road mobile launchers, enhancing survivability and operational flexibility.
• The Agni missile series was conceptualised in the 1980s under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP).

Evolution of the Agni series:

• Agni-I: Range 700–1,250 km.
• Agni-II: Range 2,000–2,500 km.
• Agni-III: Range 3,000–3,500 km, solid-fuel, mobile, inducted into the Indian Army.
• Agni-IV: Range 3,000–4,000 km, features 5th-generation avionics and high accuracy.
• Agni-V: Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) class, range 5,000+ km, canisterised, road-mobile.
• Agni-VI: Under development, range 8,000–10,000 km, capable of MIRV (Multiple Independently targetable Re-entry Vehicles).
• Agni Prime: New-generation variant, canisterised, range 1,000–2,000 km, significantly lighter than earlier versions.
• Agni-III has been inducted into the Strategic Forces Command since 2011.
• The successful test underscores India’s focus on strengthening strategic deterrence and maintaining high operational readiness.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

India Dominates Asian Rifle/Pistol Championship 2026 as Elavenil Valarivan and Shambhavi Kshirsagar Win Gold

• Asian Rifle/Pistol Championship 2026 is being held in New Delhi, where India continued its dominance in shooting events.
• World champion Samrat Rana and World Cup finalist Suruchi Singh won the silver medal in the 10m air pistol mixed team event.
• The silver medal performance helped India take its gold tally to 10 medals after two days of competition.
• Olympian Elavenil Valarivan won gold in the 10m Air Rifle women’s event, defeating Japan’s Misaki Nobata, at the Asian Rifle/Pistol Championship held at the Dr Karni Singh Shooting Range, New Delhi.
• Meghana Sajjanar secured bronze, joining Elavenil on the podium, while Misaki Nobata won silver.
• Elavenil was placed fifth after two series, but staged a strong comeback to take the lead by the 18th shot and maintained consistency till the end, including a crucial 10.9, to seal the victory.
• Arya Borse, who was in medal contention till the 18th shot, missed out after a 9.8
• The Indian women’s team of Elavenil Valarivan, Meghana Sajjanar and Arya Borse also won team gold with a combined score of 1892.6
• In the 10m Air Rifle junior women’s final, Shambhavi Kshirsagar won gold after breaking the Asian Junior Finals record with a score of 253.7
• Shambhavi surpassed the previous record of 253.1, set by Isha Anil Taksale in Jakarta (2024).
• Manyata Singh won silver with 249.7, while Aneesha Sharma claimed bronze with 227.5, ensuring India swept the junior women’s podium.

• Shambhavi Kshirsagar, Aneesha Sharma and Sandrata Roy combined to win team gold with a score of 1884.2.
• Ojasvi Thakur won gold in the women’s youth category with a score of 250.4.
• Sri Lanka’s Umaya Ovitigala Withanage secured silver, while Yasmin Figila Achadiat won bronze.
• The Indian youth women’s team of Ojasvi Thakur, Anvii Vikram Rathod and Hrudya Shri Kondur won team gold with 1890.6.
• In the 50m Men’s Pistol event, India swept the podium:
• Saurabh Chaudhary won gold
• Kamaljeet Chaudhary won silver
• Ravinder Singh, the current World Champion, won bronze
• Yogesh Kumar won gold in the junior category of the 50m Men’s Pistol event.
• On Day 4 of the championship, India won 10 gold medals, taking the overall medal tally to 43 medals:
• 27 gold
• 10 silver
• 8 bronze
• India’s performance reaffirmed its dominance in Asian shooting, with clean sweeps in senior, junior and youth categories, underlining strong depth and consistency across all levels.

Jharkhand Women Win Gold at Para Throwball National Federation Cup 2026

• Jharkhand women’s team won the gold medal at the Para Throwball National Federation Cup 2026, delivering a disciplined and confident performance at the national level.
• The women’s final of the Para Throwball National Federation Cup 2026 was a closely contested match between Jharkhand and Rajasthan.
• Playing against the host team Rajasthan, Jharkhand displayed composure and tactical discipline under pressure.
• Jharkhand defeated Rajasthan by a 21–17 scoreline, reflecting consistent attack and strong defensive play.
• Structured gameplay throughout the tournament helped Jharkhand overcome crowd pressure and strong opposition to emerge as champions.
• Jharkhand’s women’s team followed a well-planned and composed campaign in the tournament.
• The players demonstrated teamwork, discipline, adaptability, and match awareness in every round.
• Their ability to adapt to different opponents and remain focused in crucial moments proved decisive in winning the gold medal.
• The victory highlights Jharkhand’s growing strength in para sports and reflects effective preparation at both grassroots and competitive levels.
• In the men’s category of the Para Throwball National Federation Cup 2026, Andhra Pradesh emerged as champions.
• Telangana finished as runners-up, while Haryana secured the bronze medal in the men’s event.
• The Jharkhand men’s team finished fourth, narrowly missing the podium after losing a closely contested semifinal, indicating a high level of competition.
• The Para Throwball National Federation Cup plays a crucial role in promoting inclusive sports in India.
• It provides a national competitive platform for para-athletes to showcase skills, discipline, and resilience.
• The tournament helps improve visibility of para sports, encourages wider participation, and supports talent identification at the national level.

Daily CA One- Liner: February 8 & 9

• The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) approved construction of over 3.53 lakh houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban 2.0 (PMAY-U 2.0).
• Airbus inaugurated a Centre of Excellence (CoE) for aerospace studies at Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV), Vadodara, Gujarat
• PLASTINDIA 2026, one of the world’s largest plastics exhibitions, will be held from 5 February to 10 February 2026 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
• NITI Aayog released a draft clean energy blueprint to transform Andhra Pradesh into a major renewable energy hub by 2035
• Central Government, Nagaland Government, and Eastern Nagaland Peoples Organization (ENPO) signed a tripartite agreement to create the Frontier Nagaland Territorial Authority
• Delhi Police launched a city-wide crackdown named ‘Operation Shastra’ to curb the misuse of social media platforms for intimidation and fear-mongering
• Government of India expanded the Startup India framework to formally include deep technology startups, recognising their long research cycles and high capital requirements
• Indian educator and social activist Rouble Nagi won the Global Teacher Prize 2026 at the World Government Summit held in Dubai.
• Delhi has been ranked 1st globally as the world’s most affordable city for international students
• Asian Rifle/Pistol Championship 2026 is being held in New Delhi, where India continued its dominance in shooting events
• Jharkhand women’s team won the gold medal at the Para Throwball National Federation Cup 2026, delivering a disciplined and confident performance at the national level.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a compensation framework for victims of small-value digital frauds, offering relief of up to ₹25,000 per customer.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced plans to double the limit for collateral-free loans for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) from ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh, effective April 1, 2026, to boost credit access for the micro, small, and medium sector.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has removed the ₹2.5 lakh crore investment limit for Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) under the Voluntary Retention Route (VRR).
• The Government of India (GoI) paid USD 35.18 million to the United Nations (UN) Regular Budget for 2026.
• New York City,United States of America (USA) joined the World Health Organization (WHO)’s Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), strengthening global public health cooperation.
• Union Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), visited the United States of America (USA) from February 2–4, 2026 to participate in the Critical Minerals Ministerial Meeting in Washington D.C.
• Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) appointed Kenta Kon, its Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as the new President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) effective from 1st April 2026.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved American private equity firm Blackstone to acquire up to 99% stake in Federal Bank Limited, a private sector bank in India.
• The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) approved two composite schemes of arrangement for merger and amalgamation of 17 wholly-owned subsidiaries of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL / POWERGRID).
• The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) is commemorating its 50th Raising Day on 1 February 2026, marking five decades of dedicated service to the nation.
• Apogee Aerospace Private Limited, an air defence company, placed an order worth ₹3,500 crore for 15 amphibian aircraft (seaplanes) with Amphibian Aerospace Industries (AAI), Australia.
• India successfully test-fired the Agni-III intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur, Odisha, on 6 February 2026