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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Securities and Exchange Board of India Increases Know Your Customer Review Interval to 8 Years for Eligible Foreign Portfolio Investors

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued a circular titled “Rationalisation of Periodicity of KYC Review for FPIs” to simplify regulatory compliance and improve the ease of doing business.

SEBI extended the Know Your Customer (KYC) review period for eligible Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) from 3 years to 8 years.

The revised framework also extended the annual KYC review period for specified FPIs from 1 year to 2 years.

The new KYC review provisions will come into effect from 1 December 2026.

Category I FPIs: An 8-year KYC review period will apply to all Category I FPIs from non-high-risk jurisdictions and those registered under Regulation 5(a)(i) from high-risk jurisdictions. Other Category I FPIs from high-risk jurisdictions will undergo KYC reviews every 2 years.

Category II FPIs: An 8-year KYC review period will apply to regulated Category II FPIs from non-high-risk jurisdictions. All Category II FPIs from high-risk jurisdictions and other Category II FPIs from non-high-risk jurisdictions will undergo KYC reviews every 2 years.

About SEBI :

Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992

Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra

Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey

SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.

Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India Designates November 2026 as Policyholder Grievance Redressal Month

The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has declared November 2026 as “Grievance Resolution Month” across the insurance industry to expedite the resolution of pending policyholder grievances and disputes.

The initiative focuses particularly on long-pending complaints and aims to ensure fair, meaningful and sustainable resolution, rather than merely increasing the number of disposed cases.

According to IRDAI data, approximately 2.21 lakh cases were pending before Consumer Commissions and Judicial Courts as of March 2026, of which around 72.49% had been pending for more than one year.

Approximately 11 lakh cases were also pending before the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal (MACT).

During the initiative, insurers have been advised to review pending grievances, identify cases suitable for early resolution and take steps to reduce prolonged disputes.

The Life Insurance Council, General Insurance Council and Council for Insurance Ombudsmen will support the initiative by sensitising member insurers.

Insurers and the Councils have been encouraged to create awareness about the initiative through branch-level communication and digital media so that policyholders can use the opportunity to resolve their complaints.

IRDAI has upgraded its Business Analytics Platform (BAP) to provide an integrated and streamlined platform for regulatory reporting and health insurance-related functions.

The upgraded Health Module of BAP includes facilities for submitting Health Regulatory Returns, generating Unique Identification Numbers (UINs) for new health insurance products and modifying existing health insurance products.

About IRDAI :

IRDAI is an autonomous regulatory agency and statutory body under the Ministry of Finance, Government of India.

Established : 1999

Chairman : Ajay Seth.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Visit Gujarat on 30–31 October 2026 for Development Projects and 151st Birth Anniversary Celebrations of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will visit Gujarat on 30 and 31 October 2026, to inaugurate and launch development projects, release the 24th instalment of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme, and participate in Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrations commemorating the 151st birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

The Prime Minister will visit the Embryo Transfer Technology–In Vitro Fertilisation (ET-IVF) Laboratory and the Bharat Bovine Breeding and Research Centre (BBBRC) cattle farm in Banaskantha.

He will subsequently launch development projects worth over ₹14,000 crore, release the 24th PM-KISAN instalment of ₹19,000 crore, flag off two train services and address a public gathering.

Key Highlights

The Prime Minister will travel to Ekta Nagar, Kevadia, on 30 October and inaugurate Bharat Parv 2026. He will witness Ekta Prakash Parv followed by Narmada Aarti.

On 31 October, he will offer floral tributes at the Statue of Unity at around 9 AM and launch development projects worth over ₹400 crore in Ekta Nagar.

He will also visit the Rain Forest and Vaman Vriksha Vatika before participating in the Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrations.

The Prime Minister will dedicate the Bharat Bovine Breeding and Research Centre (BBBRC) at Bhildi in Banaskantha to the nation.

Spread across 127 acres, it has been established as a state-of-the-art Centre of Excellence to strengthen bovine breeding, genetic improvement and advanced reproductive technologies.

It is expected to accelerate breed improvement by 10–20 times and will be the country's first facility of its kind dedicated to the Kankrej cattle breed.

The foundation stones will be laid for two Bio-Compressed Natural Gas (Bio-CNG) plants of Banas Dairy:

Tharad plant: Cattle dung processing capacity of 75 metric tonnes per day.

Radhanpur plant: Cattle dung processing capacity of 100 metric tonnes per day.

The Prime Minister will lay the foundation stone for Ahmedabad Metro Phase-2A (Airport Extension) and Phase-2B (GIFT City Extension):

Phase-2A: More than 6 km, covering five stations between Koteshwar Road and the Airport.

Phase-2B: More than 3.3 km, covering three stations between GIFT City and Shahpur.

The foundation stone will also be laid for upgrading and widening the Ahmedabad–Mehsana Road (State Highway-41) from four lanes to eight lanes at an estimated cost of ₹2,600 crore.

The project is expected to improve connectivity between Ahmedabad and North Gujarat and make travel faster and safer.

The Prime Minister will lay the foundation stone for 4,030 new child-friendly Anganwadi Centres and inaugurate 361 completed child-friendly Anganwadi Centres in Gujarat.

The initiative involves an investment of ₹800 crore and is expected to benefit more than 4 lakh people.

He will dedicate 521 projects completed under the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) to the nation, involving a total project cost of approximately ₹4,950 crore.

These projects include cold storage facilities, cold chains, warehouses, silos, polyhouses, greenhouses, integrated primary and secondary processing facilities, and primary processing centres.

Other projects include the expansion of the potato processing plant at Sanadar and the commissioning of an Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) for ultra-high-temperature (UHT) products at Palanpur.

The Prime Minister will flag off two train services to improve rail connectivity:

Ahmedabad (Sabarmati)–Varanasi Express.

Mehsana–Becharaji–Sabarmati Mainline Electric Multiple Unit (MEMU) service.

The 24th instalment of PM-KISAN, amounting to ₹19,000 crore, will be released to provide financial assistance to farmers across India.

The Prime Minister will also mark the commencement of on-ground activities under 12 approved horticulture clusters, covering approximately 1.46 lakh hectares and expected to benefit more than 1.3 lakh farmers.

Two clusters in North Gujarat will focus on potato cultivation.

Bharat Parv 2026 will be inaugurated at Ekta Nagar on 30 October as part of the Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrations.

Based on the spirit of Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat, the festival will provide a platform for States and Union Territories to showcase their cultural heritage, folk performances, regional cuisines, handicrafts and tourist attractions. It is expected to promote tourism in Ekta Nagar and nearby destinations and will continue until 15 November 2026.

The Prime Minister will witness Ekta Prakash Parv, an illumination festival celebrating India's unity, diversity, cultural heritage and progress. It promotes night tourism in Ekta Nagar through thematic lighting displays featuring more than 1.5 crore LED lights and artworks created by artists from different parts of the country.

The two major attractions of Ekta Prakash Parv are:

Valley of Flowers Road illumination: A 530-metre-long display themed ‘From Ancient India to Modern India’, showcasing India's national identity, civilisation, women’s empowerment, security forces, technology, yoga and themes for children.

Glow Tunnel: A 180-metre-long walkthrough experience themed ‘Unity in India’s Diversity’, highlighting the cultures, architecture, folk dances, handicrafts and lifestyles of India's four regions.

The Prime Minister will inaugurate development projects worth over ₹400 crore in Ekta Nagar. These include a sewage and water treatment plant, facade lighting, the upgradation of Narmada Ghat, an Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) hotel, and the Rainforest, Unity and Eco Trail.

The foundation stones will be laid for additional projects, including Gora–Bhandra Road Development, an integrated zero-waste smart solid waste management project, Khalwani Eco-Tourism Development, and integrated development at the Cactus and Butterfly Garden.

The Ekta Parade during Rashtriya Ekta Diwas will showcase the discipline, professionalism, courage and dedication of the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), State Police Forces and Central Police Organisations. This year's parade will highlight the role of security forces in combating Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) and the transformation of previously affected areas towards peace, security and development.

A special theatrical presentation on Naxal Mukt Bharat will be organised by the National School of Drama (NSD), featuring approximately 2,000 artists from 126 districts affected by Left-Wing Extremism. The performances will depict the challenges faced by communities and their journey towards peace, security and development.

The tableaux and cultural performances will be based on the theme ‘Vande Mataram’, highlighting patriotism, national pride, collective belonging, the cultural diversity of States and Union Territories, and their development journeys.

A grand cultural presentation featuring approximately 5,000 artists from across India will showcase the country's classical and folk traditions, music, dance and artistic heritage.

About Gujarat:

Chief Minister: Bhupendra Patel

Governor: Acharya Dev Vrat

Capital: Gandhinagar

National Parks: Gir, Blackbuck, Gulf of Kutch (Marine), Vansda National Parks

Wildlife Sanctuaries: Nal Sarovar Bird, Wild Ass, Kutch Desert, Barda, Purna Wildlife Sanctuaries

India’s Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index Moderates to 54.7 in October 2026 Despite Continued Sector Expansion

India’s manufacturing activity recorded a marginal moderation in October 2026, with the HSBC India Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) declining to 54.7, compared with 55.1 in September 2026.

However, the index remained above the neutral mark of 50, indicating continued expansion in the manufacturing sector.

According to data released by S&P Global, the manufacturing PMI also remained above its long-term average, reflecting sustained growth supported by domestic and international demand.

Key Highlights

Growth in new business remained strong, while new export orders registered their fastest expansion in six months.

Manufacturers reported increased demand from several international markets, including Bangladesh, Canada, Indonesia, Nepal, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, the United Kingdom, the United States and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Price pressures eased during October:

Input cost inflation declined to its lowest level since February 2026.

The increase in selling prices was the weakest in nearly four years.

Although some manufacturers reported higher prices for raw materials and energy, overall cost pressures moderated across all three broad manufacturing categories.

Pranjul Bhandari, Chief India Economist at HSBC, stated that strong international demand pushed export order growth to a six-month high, supporting a robust increase in manufacturing output.

Manufacturers increased their input inventories at the fastest pace in eight months, building precautionary stocks to address potential supply shortages and meet rising production requirements amid global uncertainties.

Factory employment increased for the second consecutive month, although job creation remained modest. Meanwhile, finished goods inventories recorded their sharpest rise, as manufacturers prepared to meet demand and avoid potential shortages.

Despite continued sector expansion, business confidence remained subdued. Manufacturers' optimism declined compared with September and stayed below its long-term average.

Around 18% of manufacturers expected their output to increase over the next 12 months. Their optimism was supported by new client enquiries and rising demand for industrial automation and technology solutions.

Overall, October's PMI data indicate continued expansion in India's manufacturing sector, supported by stronger export demand and easing input cost pressures, while subdued business confidence remains a concern.

Centre Extends Nandan Nilekani-Led Task Force on National Examination Reforms till January 2027

The Central Government has extended the tenure of the six-member High Powered Task Force (HPTF) on Examination Reforms, headed by Nandan Nilekani, co-founder of Infosys, until January 2027.

The panel was constituted in July 2026 following the National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (Undergraduate) [NEET-UG] paper leak controversy.

The task force has received more than 50,000 suggestions from students, parents, teachers, academic institutions, subject experts, industry organisations and examination-conducting bodies.

The panel was initially expected to submit its report by October 2026. However, the government extended its tenure to allow further stakeholder consultations and finalisation of recommendations.

Key Highlights

The Centre has also submitted an affidavit to the Supreme Court of India detailing the progress made by the panel.

The task force is examining measures to make national-level examinations more secure and prevent question paper leaks through technology.

Key proposals under consideration include a secure digital question vault, a large pool of verified questions and the digital transmission of question papers to examination centres shortly before examinations begin.

Under the proposed question vault mechanism, subject experts would prepare individual questions instead of setting complete question papers for specific examinations. The questions would be reviewed, verified, translated into different languages and stored in a secure digital database.

According to a senior government official, a question pool containing one lakh questions could be created for an examination such as the Staff Selection Commission (SSC) examination. A paper containing 20–30 questions could then be generated through random selection from the database.

The Staff Selection Commission (SSC) already follows a similar model for several recruitment examinations conducted through Computer-Based Tests (CBTs).

The task force was announced by the Prime Minister following widespread protests over examination irregularities, including the NEET-UG paper leak. The panel is headed by Nandan Nilekani and includes:

S. Somanath – Former Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Tapan Deka – Former Director of the Intelligence Bureau.

V. Kamakoti – Director of the Indian Institute of Technology Madras.

Anita Karwal – Former Education Secretary.

Amrit Lal Meena – Logistics expert.

Separately, the Centre has announced that NEET-UG will shift to the computer-Based Test (CBT) format from 2027.

India’s First Indigenous Bullet Train Combines High-Speed Performance with Advanced Passenger Comfort

India’s first Bharat-made Bullet Train is being manufactured at BEML Limited’s facility in Bengaluru, Karnataka, for the Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail Project.

The train combines indigenous engineering with advanced technology and has been designed to suit Indian conditions, with a focus on passenger safety and comfort.

Key Highlights

The train has a maximum test speed of 280 km/h and an operational speed of 249 km/h. It is approximately 202 metres long and consists of eight cars, comprising four motor cars and four trailer cars.

The train has an estimated passenger capacity of 557, including space for two passengers with disabilities or Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM). Its configuration includes seven standard-class cars with 3×2 seating and one executive-class car with 2×2 seating.

Driver’s cabs are provided at both ends of the train and are equipped with an Intelligent On-Board Control System to support quick decision-making and coordination with the Operation Control Centre. Two eight-car trainsets can be coupled to form a 16-car train for future operations.

The interiors are ergonomically designed according to Indian anthropometric requirements, with comfortable seats, adequate legroom, LED lighting, overhead baggage racks and additional floor-mounted luggage stands for larger baggage.

Other facilities include power outlets for electronic devices, modern bio-digester toilets, wide windows and sealed, single-piece gangways that allow passengers to move between coaches.

A comprehensive passenger information system includes LCD displays in English, Hindi and regional languages, public address and automatic announcement systems, and emergency talk-back units in passenger cabins and vestibules. A Wi-Fi-based passenger infotainment system will provide access to preloaded entertainment content.

Accessibility features include level boarding, retractable steps integrated into the doors to reduce the gap between the train and platform, wheelchair-friendly doors, dedicated PRM-friendly seating and toilets, and Braille-enabled information signage.

The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system is designed to maintain comfortable temperature and humidity levels inside the train. Each car is equipped with two HVAC units.

Noise-reduction measures include sound insulation in the car body and floor structure, noise-damping coatings, and the use of skirts, bogie covers and fairings to support a quieter journey.

The train operates using a 25 kilovolt (kV), 50 hertz (Hz), single-phase Alternating Current (AC) traction system, supplied through a heavy compound catenary. Its regenerative braking system recovers energy during braking, contributing to improved energy efficiency.

The train’s nose and carbody profiles have been optimised using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, which are computer-based methods used to study airflow around the train. The aerodynamic design helps reduce air resistance, turbulence, tunnel pressure waves and sonic boom.

The aerodynamic features also include an integrated design for the HVAC rooftop profile, roof panels and airflow deflectors. Exterior wind-guiding profiles improve airflow, while the sealed car body helps mitigate pressure differences and maintain passenger comfort.

About Karnataka:

Chief Minister: D. K. Shivakumar

Governor: Dr Sudha Yadav

Capital: Bengaluru

National Parks: Bandipur National Park, Bannerghatta National Park, Nagarhole (Rajiv Gandhi) National Park, Kudremukh National Park, Anshi (Kali) National Park

Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary, Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary, Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary, Ranebennur Blackbuck Wildlife Sanctuary

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Documentary ‘Mothers of Courage’ Wins United Nations Sustainable Development Goals Action Award 2026 for Women-Led Movement in Bihar

The documentary ‘Mothers of Courage’ won the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Action Award 2026 in the Creativity category.

Bihar women's education film wins UN SDG Award | Patna News - The Times of  IndiaThe award was presented in Rome, Italy, recognising a women-led grassroots movement in Bihar that works to keep girls in school and prevent child marriage.

The documentary was selected from more than 7,000 entries submitted by 190 countries and territories, bringing international recognition to a community-driven initiative that has mobilised over 11.9 lakh people across rural India.

Key Highlights

Directed by Vandana R. Jayakumar and produced by Butterfly Effect Media, the film documents the Shikshagraha movement and the efforts of women leaders to ensure that girls continue their education and are protected from early marriage.

Since October 2024, the movement has organised more than 51,078 Shiksha Chaupals across India. These community meetings bring together mothers and other members to discuss challenges affecting girls’ education and encourage collective commitments to prevent school dropouts and child marriage.

Khushboo Awasthi, co-founder of Mantra4Change and chief curator of Shikshagraha, received the award in Rome and dedicated it to the mothers and women leaders driving change in their villages.

The documentary has also received international recognition:

Selected as India’s only entry in the Sustainable Development Goals category at Cannes Lions 2026.

Won the Best Inspirational Film award at the Los Angeles Film Awards 2026.

Received honours at the Abby Awards and SABRE Awards.

Shortlisted for the Mumbai International Film Festival 2026.

About Bihar:

Chief Minister: Samrat Choudhary

Governor: Syed Ata Hasnain

Capital: Patna

National Parks: Valmiki National Park

Wildlife Sanctuaries: Valmiki, Bhimbandh, Kaimur, Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuaries

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Iliana Iotova Makes History as Bulgaria’s First Elected Female President

Iliana Iotova, former Vice President (VP) and Acting President of Bulgaria, won the presidential runoff election held on 1 November 2026.

She became Bulgaria’s first democratically elected female President.

Iliana Iotova and her Vice-Presidential running mate Kiril Valchev secured 57.58% of the votes, receiving approximately 1.1 million ballots.

She defeated former caretaker Prime Minister Andrey Gyurov and his Vice-Presidential candidate Georgi Kandev, who secured 39.47% of the votes, equivalent to approximately 7.5 lakh ballots.

About Bulgaria :

Prime Minister : Rumen Radev

Capital : Sofia

Currency : Euro

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Ministry of Defence Signs ₹53,866.50 Crore Deals with Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited and Goa Shipyard Limited to Build 8 Indigenous Next-Generation Corvettes for Indian Navy

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed contracts worth ₹53,866.50 crore (approximately US$5.67 billion) with Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited (GRSE) and Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) for the acquisition of 8 Next Generation Corvettes (NGCs) for the Indian Navy.

The contracts were signed on 2 November 2026 at Kartavya Bhawan-2, New Delhi, in the presence of Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh.

Under the project, GRSE will construct 5 corvettes, while GSL will construct the remaining 3 corvettes.

This is the first project in which warships will be indigenously designed by the Indian Navy and constructed by Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs) selected through a competitive process.

The Next Generation Corvettes will be equipped with advanced missiles, weapons and sensor suites, enabling operations across the air, surface and sub-surface domains.

The corvettes will strengthen the Indian Navy’s capabilities in anti-surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, coastal defence, littoral combat, maritime surveillance and protection of maritime trade routes.

The project will strengthen India’s indigenous shipbuilding ecosystem through collaboration among DPSUs, private shipyards, Indian industrial partners and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).

Construction of the 8 corvettes is expected to generate approximately 72 lakh person-days of employment in shipyards and 460 lakh person-days in ancillary industries and MSMEs over the next 10 years.

The project will promote the use of Made-in-India materials, equipment, indigenous technologies and Indian expertise, strengthening Aatmanirbharta (self-reliance) in defence manufacturing.

The project supports the Government’s Make in India initiative and aims to enhance India’s domestic warship design and construction capabilities.

Indian Navy Frees Hijacked Fishing Vessel Azini and Rescues All 20 Crew Members Off Somalia’s Coast

The Indian Navy successfully rescued the fishing vessel Azini from armed pirates in an operation lasting over 48 hours.

The operation resulted in the safe rescue of all 20 crew members, with no casualties or injuries.

The fishing vessel Azini had been hijacked by an armed pirate group off the north-eastern coast of Somalia earlier in the previous month.

The hijacked vessel posed a major maritime security threat, as pirates could have used it as a mother ship to launch further attacks against merchant vessels in the region.

The Indian Navy deployed a mission-deployed warship, supported by a maritime reconnaissance aircraft, to locate and rescue the vessel.

The naval platforms conducted persistent surveillance, tracked the vessel’s movements and used calibrated non-kinetic measures to contain its movement and prevent its escape.

Marine Commandos were reinforced through a precision airdrop by an Indian Air Force (IAF) C-17 aircraft.

The Indian Navy carried out a coordinated tactical intervention, secured the vessel, neutralised the pirate threat and released all 20 crew members safely.

The operation demonstrated the Indian Navy’s high operational preparedness, maritime security capabilities and ability to conduct complex operations through inter-service coordination.

The mission reaffirmed India’s commitment to being a “First Responder” and “Preferred Security Partner” in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

The Indian Navy remains committed to safeguarding seafarers, protecting vital maritime trade routes and maintaining a safe, secure and stable maritime environment in the Indian Ocean Region.

Indian Air Force Schools Implement Comprehensive Child Online Safety Programme

The Indian Air Force Educational & Cultural Society, under the aegis of Air Headquarters, onboarded Air Force Schools across India onto ScrollControl, a comprehensive Child Digital Safety Programme, through the Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISAC) Foundation.

The initiative was launched in connection with National Cyber Security Awareness Month to strengthen cyber safety awareness and protection among schoolchildren.

A total of 261 teachers from 42 Air Force Schools completed a certification course as Cyber Crime Intervention Officers (CCIOs).

The trained teachers will help protect children from online grooming and exploitation, misuse of Artificial Intelligence (AI), gaming-related harms and financial frauds.

The certified teachers are also trained to preserve digital evidence and act as first responders in cybercrime-related incidents.

The initiative addresses the growing exposure of schoolchildren to unregulated digital spaces through high-speed internet, smart devices and social media.

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has directed its affiliated schools to promote cyber safety best practices through the monthly observance of Cyber Jagrookta Diwas.

The initiative enables Air Force Schools to align with the CBSE cyber safety requirements by developing trained in-house cyber safety capabilities.

Through ScrollControl, Air Force Schools can establish cyber clubs, certify students in cyber safety and organise awareness sessions for parents and school staff.

The programme also provides access to an age-appropriate content rating platform for families and enables schools to receive recognition as a Cyber Safe School.

The ISAC Foundation provides teacher training and certification, empanelment of trained teachers on the National Security Database, and 24×7 victim support.

The victim-support system includes a multidisciplinary team of cyber lawyers, cyber psychologists and forensic experts.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Aditya-L1’s Visible Emission Line Coronagraph Detects Asymmetric Solar Eruption Expansion with Potential Space-Weather Impacts

Aditya-L1, India’s first space-based solar observatory, has provided new insights into the expansion and structure of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), which are large eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun.

Launched in September 2023, Aditya-L1 is operational at the Sun–Earth L1 (Lagrange Point 1), where it provides continuous observations of the Sun.

The spacecraft carries 7 scientific payloads, including the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC), its primary payload.

Key Highlights :

VELC is an internally occulted coronagraph designed to observe the solar corona simultaneously in different modes.

Scientists from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), an autonomous institution under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), reconstructed the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry and dynamics of solar eruptions.

The study combined observations from VELC on Aditya-L1, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft, and 3-D modelling.

Published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, the study revealed that a CME did not expand like a simple, symmetrical bubble; instead, it underwent non-uniform expansion and developed an asymmetrical shape.

The study demonstrated that the CME’s inclined axis and asymmetric lateral expansion could explain the spectral patterns and changes observed by VELC, whereas a model based on symmetrical expansion could not reproduce the observations.

Differences in CME expansion can influence its speed and direction of travel towards Earth, potentially causing space-weather disturbances that may affect satellites and communication networks.

VELC studies newly emerging CMEs using spectroscopy at the 530.3 nanometre (nm) green emission line, produced by highly ionised iron atoms in the solar corona.

The observed green emission line captures hot coronal plasma at a temperature of approximately 1.8 million Kelvin.

The Doppler shift in the emission line provides information about the plasma velocity along the line of sight, particularly close to the solar disk.

VELC was designed and fabricated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) at the M. G. K. Menon Laboratory for Space Sciences, located at the CREST campus in Hoskote, with substantial support from ISRO.

Researchers plan to apply this technique to other CMEs to reconstruct their motion without depending entirely on multi-viewpoint imaging from space telescopes.

This technique is particularly useful in the lower solar corona, where CMEs evolve rapidly and their motion along the line of sight cannot be determined through imaging alone.

Google’s Project Suncatcher Successfully Generates Its First Artificial Intelligence Response Using an Orbiting Satellite

Google successfully ran an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model on a satellite in orbit and received its first complete response on Earth, marking a major milestone in its Project Suncatcher initiative.

During the test, Google sent a command to the satellite, activated its onboard Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), executed an AI prompt and received the complete response on Earth in the form of a haiku.

The satellite used Gemma 4, Google’s open AI model, to generate a haiku about space.

The response was received during a ground-station pass as the satellite travelled over Svalbard, Norway.

Google also tested the system using space-themed limericks and prompts requesting the technical status of the satellite’s systems.

The prototype satellite was launched on 1 October 2026 as part of Google’s long-term research programme to explore AI computing infrastructure in space.

After launch, the satellite completed initial commissioning checks, including powering up its host system and TPU trays.

Project Suncatcher aims to investigate whether space-based computing infrastructure can support future AI workloads and enable scalable machine learning operations beyond Earth.

The next phase will test the performance of TPUs under thermal stress and radiation exposure to determine whether they can reliably operate in the space environment.

Google’s next major milestone is to test two interconnected satellites in 2027.

The project is exploring the possibility of connecting satellites into constellations to handle larger AI computing workloads.

According to Google, satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) could access near-constant sunlight and potentially generate up to eight times more solar power than comparable systems on Earth.

The project seeks to establish whether space-based satellite networks can provide scalable computing infrastructure for future AI applications.

India to Host ICAR-CGIAR Science and Partnership Week 2027 in New Delhi from April 12 to 17, with Over 5,000 Delegates Expected

New Delhi, India, will host the CGIAR Science and Partnership Week 2027 from 12 to 17 April 2027, as announced by CGIAR and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

The event will be jointly organised by ICAR and CGIAR, under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.

Key Highlights :

CGIAR is a global agricultural research partnership comprising 15 research centres and working in more than 100 countries.

10 CGIAR research centres currently operate in India, working across crops, water, livestock, fisheries, nutrition and agricultural policy.

The event will bring together researchers, farmers, governments, startups and businesses from across the world to discuss agricultural research, innovation and partnerships.

The 2027 edition will focus on climate-resilient agriculture, water management, soil health, digital agriculture, AgriStack, agricultural mechanisation, millets, natural farming and sustainable agricultural practices.

The conference will focus on translating agricultural research into practical impact and strengthening South–South cooperation among developing countries.

ICAR and CGIAR have collaborated for more than 50 years in agricultural research and development.

ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) conserved and shared an Indian groundnut sample that contributed to the development of groundnut varieties grown in Malawi, Uganda, Mozambique and Zambia.

Hyderabad’s Centre of Excellence for South–South Cooperation in Agriculture shares proven agricultural innovations with countries across Asia, Africa and Latin America.

The first CGIAR Science Week was held in Nairobi, Kenya, in April 2025, where CGIAR launched its current research portfolio.

The New Delhi edition will also explore how agricultural research and innovation can contribute to India’s vision for 2047.

All India Council for Technical Education Introduces Four Schemes to Support Infrastructure Development and Hands-on Learning in Technical Institutions

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) launched four new schemes for the academic year 2026–27 under its Institutional Development Cell (IDC) on 31 October 2026.

The schemes were launched by AICTE Chairman Prof. Yogesh Singh in the presence of Member Secretary Prof. Shyama Rath.

The four schemes are IDEA Lab, Modernisation and Restructuring for Outcome-Based System (MODROBS), Margdarshan Scheme, and Grant for Organising Conference (GOC).

The IDEA Lab Scheme promotes hands-on and experiential learning based on Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), enabling students to experiment, develop prototypes and solve real-world problems through a learning-by-doing approach.

The MODROBS Scheme provides financial assistance to modernise institutional infrastructure, including laboratories, workshops and computing facilities, to improve practical education, research and industry-oriented learning.

The Margdarshan Scheme promotes academic mentoring and institutional development through guidance from reputed and centrally funded institutions, helping colleges improve academic practices, share resources and strengthen institutional capabilities.

The Margdarshan Scheme also aims to help institutions improve their performance and work towards better National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) rankings.

The Grant for Organising Conference (GOC) Scheme provides financial assistance to eligible institutions to organise national and international academic conferences, encouraging research presentations, knowledge exchange and academic discussions.

The four schemes aim to strengthen technical education infrastructure, promote innovation and research, improve teaching quality and expand institutional development opportunities across districts, including institutions beyond established technical education centres.

AICTE will provide financial assistance to eligible institutions under these schemes for the academic year 2026–27.

Bengaluru-based deep-tech startup Pranos Fusion Unveils Roadmap to Boost India’s Private Nuclear Fusion Energy Sector

Pranos Fusion is a Bengaluru-based deep-tech startup founded in 2024 and recognised as India’s first private nuclear fusion energy company.

The company was founded by Shaurya Kaushal (CEO) and Roshan George (COO).

Its flagship project, PRANIK, is being developed as India’s first privately developed fusion reactor (tokamak).

The company aims to achieve net-positive energy by 2027, where the reactor produces more energy than it consumes.

Pranos Fusion plans to finalise the reactor blueprint and conduct an initial power test by 2030.

The company has developed PRAGYA, a small, doughnut-shaped tokamak to test plasma control and superconducting magnets before developing the larger PRANIK reactor.

Key Highlights :

MAGGA is the company's high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet technology, designed to achieve magnetic field strengths of around 20 Tesla.

HTS magnets can help develop smaller and less capital-intensive fusion reactors.

PRANIK will use extremely high temperatures of millions of degrees Celsius to heat plasma and enable hydrogen nuclei to fuse and release energy.

Pranos Fusion is incubated at the Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), affiliated with the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), and the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru, associated with the Department of Science and Technology (DST).

The company was showcased as one of the deep-tech startups at the Emerging Science Technology and Innovation Conclave.

Nuclear fission produces energy by splitting heavy atomic nuclei, such as uranium, whereas nuclear fusion releases energy by combining light atomic nuclei.

Nuclear fusion generally involves combining two hydrogen isotopes, Deuterium and Tritium, to produce Helium and a fast neutron.

Fusion requires temperatures of approximately 100 million degrees Celsius, and powerful magnetic fields in tokamaks confine the superheated plasma and prevent it from touching the reactor walls.

Tokamak is a doughnut-shaped fusion reactor that uses powerful magnetic fields to confine extremely hot plasma.

The world's largest tokamak under construction is the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) in southern France.

ITER is a multinational collaboration involving China, the European Union, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea and the United States.

ITER is designed to produce approximately 10 times the heating power supplied to its plasma.

According to the 2024 revised ITER timeline, research operations are scheduled to begin in 2034, while full Deuterium-Tritium operations are planned for 2039.

The revised ITER schedule added approximately €5 billion to the project's cost.

India's Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) manages indigenous tokamak reactors, including ADITYA and Steady State Tokamak-1 (SST-1).

IPR is India's nodal domestic agency responsible for managing the country's contributions to the ITER project.

 

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Australian Cricketer Glenn Maxwell Retires from International Cricket, Continues in Big Bash League

Glenn Maxwell, the 38-year-old Australian all-rounder, has announced his retirement from international cricket, bringing an end to his career in Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is), One-Day Internationals (ODIs), List A and first-class cricket.

He had already retired from ODI cricket in June 2025.

Key Highlights

Maxwell will continue playing in the Big Bash League (BBL) for Melbourne Stars, with his contract running until the end of the 2027–28 season.

Australian cricket star Glenn Maxwell has announced his retirement from international  cricket at the age of 38, ending a remarkable career spanning 286 matches.  Known as 'The Big Show', Maxwell scored 7,226He finished his T20 International career with 2,897 runs from 130 matches, making him Australia's third-highest run-scorer in the format.

He scored these runs at a strike rate of over 154.

Maxwell scored five centuries in T20 Internationals, sharing the world record for the most centuries in the format with India's Rohit Sharma.

Maxwell had considered the possibility of receiving a farewell match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) during England's upcoming white-ball tour of Australia.

However, he understood the team's decision to focus on younger players and prepare for the 2028 Olympic Games by exposing emerging cricketers to international-level pressure.

He described T20 International cricket as a format that had felt like home to him over the past 15 years.

Maxwell's final international appearance was against Oman in February 2026, during Australia's final group-stage match at the 2026 T20 World Cup. Australia exited the tournament at the group stage.

Prema Rawat Sets Record for Fastest Fifty in Women’s T20 Cricket with 14-Ball Half-Century

Prema Rawat, a 24-year-old Indian cricketer, created a record by scoring the fastest fifty in women’s Twenty20 (T20) cricket, reaching the milestone in just 14 balls for Uttarakhand against Hyderabad in the Senior Women’s T20 Trophy 2026 in Pune, Maharashtra.

Rawat remained unbeaten on 50 runs off 14 deliveries, striking six fours and four sixes at the Maharashtra Cricket Association (MCA) Cricket Stadium. Her strike rate was 357.14.

Key Highlights

After opting to bat, Uttarakhand scored 187/2 in 20 overs. Rawat came in at No. 4 after Neelam Bhardwaj was dismissed for 19, with the team score at 129/2 in 17.1 overs.

Rawat and Uttarakhand captain Raghvi Bist shared an unbeaten 58-run partnership off just 17 balls. Bist remained not out on 72 runs off 50 deliveries.

The previous record for the fastest fifty in women’s T20 cricket was 15 balls, jointly held by:

Marie Kelly of England, who set the record for Warwickshire against Gloucestershire in 2022.

Laura Harris of Australia, who equalled it while playing for Otago against Canterbury in December 2025.

Fatima Sana of Pakistan, who scored a 15-ball fifty against Zimbabwe in Karachi in May 2026, setting the record for the fastest half-century in women’s T20 Internationals.

Rawat also delivered an effective bowling performance, taking 2 wickets for 12 runs in four overs as Hyderabad were restricted to 98/8 in 20 overs. Uttarakhand won the match by 89 runs, and Rawat was named Player of the Match for her all-round performance.

Rawat made her senior Indian team debut against South Africa during the Women’s T20 World Cup earlier in 2026. She is a right-handed batter and right-arm leg-break bowler.

She also represents Royal Challengers Bengaluru (RCB) in the Women’s Premier League (WPL).

Twenty20 cricket will return to the Summer Olympic Games at Los Angeles 2028, marking the sport’s return to the Olympics after 128 years.

Dhinidhi Desinghu Wins Historic Swimming Bronze as Khushbu Darjada Reaches Judo Final at Youth Olympic Games 2026

Dhinidhi Desinghu created history by becoming the first Indian female swimmer to win a medal at the Youth Olympic Games 2026, held in Dakar, Senegal.

The 16-year-old won bronze in the women’s 100-metre freestyle event with a timing of 56.27 seconds.

Ana Bobanovic of Croatia won the gold medal with a timing of 55.89 seconds, while Alyssa Lawson of New Zealand secured silver in 56.13 seconds.

Key Highlights

Earlier, Desinghu became the first Indian female swimmer to qualify for a Youth Olympic Games final after advancing to the women’s 100-metre freestyle medal race.

Meanwhile, 15-year-old Khushbu Rajakbhai Darjada became only the second Indian judoka to reach a Youth Olympic Games final. She secured at least a silver medal by entering the final of the women’s 63 kg category at Dakar.

Khushbu advanced to the final after defeating Dounia Berrahoual of Algeria. She was set to face Jolina Reinhold of Germany, a Cadet World Champion, in the final. A victory would make Khushbu the first Indian judoka to win a gold medal at the Youth Olympic Games.

Thangjam Tababi Devi remains India’s only previous judo medallist at the Youth Olympic Games. She won silver in the women’s 44 kg category at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

India Tops 46th Tammer Boxing Tournament 2026 with 14 Medals in TampereIndia Tops Medal Tally at 46th International Tammer Boxing Tournament 2026 with 14 Medals

India won 14 medals (4 gold, 2 silver and 8 bronze) and finished at the top of the medal tally at the 46th International Tammer Boxing Tournament 2026, held in Tampere, Finland.

The annual tournament was organised by the Tampere Boxing Association and has been conducted since 1977. It featured 10 elite men's and 7 women's weight categories and followed World Boxing competition rules.

Key Highlights

India fielded a 14-member squad, focusing on providing international exposure to boxers ranked third in the country's Olympic weight-category bench strength, along with leading pugilists in Olympic weight categories not included in the Asian Games programme.

Gold Medallists – 4:

Aarti Dhariyal: Women's 54 kg category; defeated Scotland's Stephanie Kernachan 5–0 in the final.

Ankushita Boro: Women's 65 kg category; defeated England's Ella Thompstone 4–1.

Arundhati Chaudhary: Women's 70 kg category; defeated Ireland's Evelyn Ivie Igharo 3–2. She is a Commonwealth Games gold medallist.

Pawan Bartwal: Men's 55 kg category; defeated Ireland's Louis Rooney 5–0 in the final.

Silver Medallists – 2:

Mohammed Hussamuddin: Men's 60 kg category.

Jaismine Lamboria: Women's 57 kg category; she is an Olympian and Commonwealth Games gold medallist.

Bronze Medallists – 8:

Vivek Meena: Men's 65 kg category.

Hitesh: Men's 70 kg category.

Akshay: Men's 80 kg category.

Bobin Chauhan: Men's 90 kg category.

Chetan Choudhary: Men's 90+ kg category.

Tanu: Women's 51 kg category.

Disha Patil: Women's 60 kg category.

Imroz Khan: Women's 75 kg category.

Boxing Federation of India President Ajay Singh congratulated the Indian team and highlighted the importance of the tournament in assessing the country's boxing bench strength and preparing for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympic qualifying events.

India's performance in Finland reflects its depth across different boxing weight categories as the country continues preparations for the next Olympic cycle.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : OBITUARIES

Renowned Dogri Author and Filmmaker Ved Rahi Passed away at the Age of 93

Veteran Dogri writer, screenwriter and filmmaker Ved Rahi passed away at the age of 93 in Thane, Maharashtra, on 1 November 2026.

About Ved Rahi :

He was born on 22 May 1933 in Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir (J&K).

He was the son of Lala Mulk Raj Saraf, who established the first newspaper in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in 1924.

Ved Rahi began his literary career as a Dogri writer in Jammu before moving to Mumbai to explore opportunities in the Hindi film industry.

He made significant contributions to Dogri literature, Hindi cinema and Indian television through stories, novels, poetry, screenplays and films.

He received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1983 for his Dogri short-story collection Aale.

He was honoured with the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship (Mahattar Sadasyata) in 2024.

He also received the Maharashtra Gaurav Award, Rahul Sankrityayan Award and Kusumagraj Rashtriya Sahitya Puraskar.

He wrote screenplays and dialogues for more than 25 Hindi films, including Yeh Raat Phir Na Aayegi, Aap Aaye Bahaar Aayi, Beimaan, Mome Ki Gudiya and Bezubaan.

He directed Hindi films such as Prem Parbat, Kali Ghata and Veer Savarkar (2001).

He was particularly remembered for directing the popular Doordarshan television serial Gul Gulshan Gulfam, which had 45 episodes.

He also directed other Doordarshan programmes, including Meera and Rishtay.

Daily CA One-Liner: November 4

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will visit Gujarat on 30 and 31 October 2026, to inaugurate and launch development projects, release the 24th instalment of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme, and participate in Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrations commemorating the 151st birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

India’s manufacturing activity recorded a marginal moderation in October 2026, with the HSBC India Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) declining to 54.7, compared with 55.1 in September 2026

The Central Government has extended the tenure of the six-member High Powered Task Force (HPTF) on Examination Reforms, headed by Nandan Nilekani, co-founder of Infosys, until January 2027

India’s first Bharat-made Bullet Train is being manufactured at BEML Limited’s facility in Bengaluru, Karnataka, for the Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail Project

The documentary ‘Mothers of Courage’ won the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Action Award 2026 in the Creativity category.

Glenn Maxwell, the 38-year-old Australian all-rounder, has announced his retirement from international cricket, bringing an end to his career in Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is), One-Day Internationals (ODIs), List A and first-class cricket

Prema Rawat, a 24-year-old Indian cricketer, created a record by scoring the fastest fifty in women’s Twenty20 (T20) cricket, reaching the milestone in just 14 balls for Uttarakhand against Hyderabad in the Senior Women’s T20 Trophy 2026 in Pune, Maharashtra

Dhinidhi Desinghu created history by becoming the first Indian female swimmer to win a medal at the Youth Olympic Games 2026, held in Dakar, Senegal

India won 14 medals (4 gold, 2 silver and 8 bronze) and finished at the top of the medal tally at the 46th International Tammer Boxing Tournament 2026, held in Tampere, Finland.

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued a circular titled “Rationalisation of Periodicity of KYC Review for FPIs” to simplify regulatory compliance and improve the ease of doing business.

The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has declared November 2026 as “Grievance Resolution Month” across the insurance industry to expedite the resolution of pending policyholder grievances and disputes.

Iliana Iotova, former Vice President (VP) and Acting President of Bulgaria, won the presidential runoff election held on 1 November 2026.

The Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed contracts worth ₹53,866.50 crore (approximately US$5.67 billion) with Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited (GRSE) and Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) for the acquisition of 8 Next Generation Corvettes (NGCs) for the Indian Navy.

The Indian Navy successfully rescued the fishing vessel Azini from armed pirates in an operation lasting over 48 hours.

The Indian Air Force Educational & Cultural Society, under the aegis of Air Headquarters, onboarded Air Force Schools across India onto ScrollControl, a comprehensive Child Digital Safety Programme, through the Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISAC) Foundation.

Aditya-L1, India’s first space-based solar observatory, has provided new insights into the expansion and structure of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), which are large eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun.

Google successfully ran an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model on a satellite in orbit and received its first complete response on Earth, marking a major milestone in its Project Suncatcher initiative.

New Delhi, India, will host the CGIAR Science and Partnership Week 2027 from 12 to 17 April 2027, as announced by CGIAR and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) launched four new schemes for the academic year 2026–27 under its Institutional Development Cell (IDC) on 31 October 2026.

Pranos Fusion is a Bengaluru-based deep-tech startup founded in 2024 and recognised as India’s first private nuclear fusion energy company.

Veteran Dogri writer, screenwriter and filmmaker Ved Rahi passed away at the age of 93 in Thane, Maharashtra, on 1 November 2026.